Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - November 19, 1875, Winnipeg, Manitoba Gat tag the Arctic 1ubg1oxs. 23 Speil it ions so far. Extract from of Hajnsek s Magazine. Love of adventure has for 300 years induced seamen to Brave the perils of the deep on voyages of discovery and now such a feeling finds vent in travels in foreign lands. Formerly England was always in the Van of Arctic discovery but for the last fifteen years she has allowed other countries to take her accustomed place. She did not discover a North West passage and now there seems every probability that the Square Miles of ska olt both the pole will be penetrated by the Well equipped expedition which is just leaving her shores. In the reign of Henry Vii. John Cabot induced the King of England to Grant him and his sons a Patent for the discovery of new lands. According to Hakluyt Sebastian started March 5, 1407. Robert Throwe a merchant the till i it 1sbai.i.y Kex Uusi for the Cabot were italians. Little came of the expedition. Nine years after a gentleman of London named j lore with i2u persons went in the same direction but after suffering much from famine returned. A More disastrous termination awaited part of the expedition which under the superintendence of Sebastian Cabot sailed in the commander was sir Hugh Willoughby and that Gallant officer with the crows of two vessels perished off the const of Lapland. Toward the end of Tho sixteenth Century William Barents turned his attention to the Western Side of Novara zen Ila and in succeeded in his aim of rounding the Northern Point of the Island and was obliged to Winter there. Previous to this voyage no european had endured an Arctic Winter. Davis disco eked. It was reserved for John Davis in his Little of fifty tons attended by the of thirty five to discover in the Strait which bears his name and so another route to future explorers. In i oli3 William Baffin As Pilot to blot followed up Davis discovery and reached the Bay which boars his name. The Muscovy company in 1607 sent Henry Hudson to find the North West passage. His vessel of eighty tons was Only ten sailors and a boy. He went to latitudes 80 degrees but Lack of provisions obliged him to return. He was the first englishman who made observations on the dip of the magnetic Needle. In a vessel of fifty live tons he went 100 leagues further North than any preceding navigator and discovered Hudson s Bay. By his reports of the Quantity of Axi sea houses he Laid the foundations of a most flourishing fishery. Hudson s Crew mutinied on the fourth voyage and turned their commander and the sick portion of Tho Crew adrift in an open boat to perish. In 1031 Captain Fox went out in one of the King s ships and was followed by Thomas James but they accomplished Little. Some years after some French adventurers in Canada explored the Hudson s officers Captain Ross returned before he had gone As far As he might easily have done. That year also witnessed the at tempt of Buchan and Franklyn with the Trent and Dorothea to penetrate the pack Between Spitsbergen and Novara Zeyla but they Only reached latitude 80 Deg. 32 min. North. In .1819 the government no thing daunted sent out the Hecla and Griper under Parry. He penetrated through Lancaster sound into Barrow Strait. At the same time Franklin was making a last journey of Moke thax milks Overland from Hudson s Bay and the Coppermine liver to the Northern coast of America and though he and his followers had to endure great hardships Tho results geographically were important. Captain Parry s second voyage was made in 1881-23, in the fury and Ilc Cla. Ife carefully investigated the North East coast of America but was prevented from going further by the accumulations of ice. He was obliged to Winter twice in these regions but Only lost five men out of 118. Parry sailed on april 3, 1827, and entered the Hecla in a Cove on the Northern Shore of Spitsbergen. On june 24 the two boats constructed so As to serve As sledges started northward. After five weeks trial they reached latitude 82 Deg. 45 min., had travelled 292 Miles and were about 500 Miles from the pole. Parry thus reached the Iii ii St nok Tukki latin Dij and this feat has never been surpassed on april 29, 1829, had been doing Good work surveying on the american Parry were knighted George in. A month later both received the honorary degree of d. C. L. From the University of Oxford. Captain j. C. Ross in 1s29, tried to induce the admiralty to Send out another expedition but his efforts proving unsuccessful sheriff Booth offered to pay All expenses. Tho Crew during their four j years absence had been obliged to abandon the Victory and were pcs covered by capt. Humphries in the Isabella former vessel on Tho South Shore of Lancaster sound in August j833. In 1833 Captain Back examined the course of the Fisli River and three years after made an expedition in the terror. After an interval of nine years we have the ill fated expedition of sir John Franklin in the Lubbus and which left England May the officers and Crews numbering 130 men. Early in 1848, lady Franklin tried to induces whalers to deviate from their usual course in order to gain tidings of the missing vessels. All were unsuccessful. In 1850 a most import ant voyage was made by captains Collinson and Mcclure in the Enterprise and invest l r nipped in the Bud. The Gengania unconscious of the Fate of her Consort pushed on by the East Green land coast i to 75 Deg. 30 min., and then wintered among the pendulum islands. In 1872 and two following years three Succes Sive voyages were undertaken by or. Ben Jamin Leigh Smith in his yacht and he did Good work in examining the lands eastward of Spitsbergen. Captain Hall of Cincin Nati in 1870, induced the american govern ment to fit out another expedition. The Secretary of the Navy or. Robeson entered cordially into his plans and the government allowed him to use the gunboat periwinkle renamed Tho Polaris and con Gress granted the expedition sailed August 187jby the Smith sound route and Captain Hall reached latitude 82 Deg. 1.0 min. North Tia Higl St attained us any ship. He died in november of that year. Or. Clements Markham Points out that the fact that Tho Polaris was drifted into Baffin s Bay from a High Northern latitude is a Valu Able one and shows that the navigation is not Long interrupted. The Crew of the Polaris in their Winter quarters also found plenty of Musk oxen and other animals. The Austro Llu Garian expedition of 1872 was an extremely important one. They were fortunately Able to Cross the open sea in their boats in the direction of Novara Zeyla. They skirted that Island and on August 24 reached the Bay of Downs and were picked up by the russian Schooner Nikolai and arrived in Norway september 3rd, after one of the most successful expeditions Ever known. On May 8, 1873, Captain Markham sailed in the whaler Arctic capt. The Queen i from the Hamilton times. The Centennial exhibition is beginning to Bear Rich before it is opened. Last week a Large number of leading Amer ican citizens paid a visit to Philadelphia in. Order to inspect the grounds and ascertain the Progress made in the preparations for next year. Among these visitors was the editor of the Buffalo 1 Ost who thus describes an incident of the banquet Given to the visitors before they left Philadelphia one of the most noticeable and animating scenes of the festival occurred during Tho delivery of gov. Bigler s remarks in alluding to the conduct of great Britain and Queen Victoria with reference to the Cen Tennial. He said every government on this continent great and Small will be re presented also All the great nations of Europe and the Asiatic and Oriental coun tries. Tho foreign Outlook is truly grand and amongst the most delightful incidents or developments in this connection is the magnanimous course of the English govern ment and people in putting away All thought about the Early disobedience of their colonies.1 great cheering from All parts of Tho Hall waving of Haud kerchief a clapping of hands the immense audience to a very general impulse and manifesting their appreciation., of the co operation of great Britain by rising to their feet As one Man and joining in the tumult of applause. A gentleman then threes cheers for great. Britain find the Call was responded to by three deafening. Shouts in which nil present joined with Hoarty Good Queen acted i Noble part in this generous work. God ulcess the Here the enthusiasm veterinary ,5 graduate of Toronto veterinary Collet vim and stable Market Square in Toronto vet. Colleen d. Montreal a. O. F. Column v. S. To , Ottawa to you Lukk full -1 Cream cheese get the Hald Linanel enc tory. Foundry to acquire a knowledge of Whalin of t i again broke Forth in a Rotus details and ice navigation. The Arctic was of choirs for Queen the first whaler which penetrated to the Canadian wiil read this without Gulf of Boothia in j824, and steamed through beyond sir e. Parry j. Koss in j84s. She Melville Bay in sixty hours which formerly occupied sailing vessels several weeks. This brings us. To the time of the Alert and discovery Wirich have recently sailed from England. The following Africa. Letter will be now that so much attention this part of the world of interest is attracted to , Orange free state South Africa sept 1st, 1875. I have come to Anchor for a time in what has the reputation of being the Healthiest place in South Africa and As far As my own experience goes during my stay Here of a couple of months it my Case better than any place 1 have been to. 1 remained in Cape town for Over twelve month a mrs if he Iii Captain Mcclure in october 1850, discovered the Northwest passage. This to sub sequently made with his ship but he had to kudu re Rue at Hairsi tips. Ill fact he was rescued april 1853, by tin s or it j wic v t l1 to v pie chiefly malays. The european pop la Tion is principally dutch. English Enterprise has stirred them Little of late years but it has remained and is still a very slow going place for business. Its most successful business men Are scotch men most of them having had no business quickening of his heart beats and a warm Lush of pleasure. A Hundred years ago the american colonies Rose in revolt against the Mother land and next year they celebrate by their Philadelphia exhibition the Hundredth anniversary of their Independence. After Many years of estrangement and Mutual misunderstanding it is pleasant to Sec England now uniting with her revolted colonies to celebrate her own defeat and to hear in the City where England s authority was first formally thrown Oil thousands of Republican voices raised in cheers Lor the old Mother land and in a Hearty god bless the Queen of car Metal Hill dins material portable agricultural engines patterns and models Box and Cylinder stoves for burning Wood and Coal Iron brass castings. Of every description. Cedar Street St. Paul 511 in. Q , attention go to w. Chambers for the cult Bratov Remington breach loading shot guns of which lie received a Lar Cje Stock. Also v Large assortment of telescopes and opera glasses and general sporting goods. Repairing promptly attended to. Opposite or Ace Church main Street Winnipeg. T pc Large two Story mouse Hack Plust Rcd and Huc d up in Good Stylo. Rent very Chea i 1 or the Winter. Apply to till i a. A Wrigh r. Of you want co to 2-5jll j the Champion hair Cutter and of j North West. You will find him at the the a a i. A Bay territory. Prince Lupert in 1068, sent out a vessel with colonists and Charles ii granted the Hudson s Bay company a charter of incorporation the privileges of which they enjoyed until 1808. When the territory was added to Canada. In 1070 induced the admiralty to fit out an expedition for Tho discovery of the Northern passage. Under his command the Edge of the Polar pack and Novara Zeyla were carefully examined and he was then obliged to return to England. Peter Tho great instructed Captain Behring a Dane m the russian Navy to explore the North Ern coast of Siberia. In 1728 Behring sailed through the known by his name. J ski Katino tub and new . In 1770, lakh of discovered the islands h Ria Catherine right to seek for gave him the exclusive Fossil Ivory Thorf. In. 1745 the English government Olit Rcd to any explorer .1.0 should discover a Northwest by a Straits thirty after to any one who Besom degree of latitude in Captain Phipps afterwards lord mul grave was sent to Tho North pole am reached latitude 80 Deg. 30inin. North the immortal Nelson Naco Medwed this Cape i was to i into the Pacific Ocean by Way of the Cape of Good Hope and commence his exploration on the Northwest coast of America alter penetrating into the Northern Ocean to latitude ,0 leg. 44 min., Cook was Obligee to return to Winter in the Sandwich islands Here in re Bruard 1779, to was murdered during a dispute with the natives. The most in Tortat Pisco very 3 the proximity of Asia and i i was the first commando i Comfort of study. On his second voyage years from latitude 52 Der. F. Urm k i i i o lost Ono i port Elizabeth is the principal its growth Lias been con f or South Africa having expedition. ".-1a t Uin Iii spent four Winters in the Arctic regions. The Tweed in the year 1850 four English expeditions commercial o Ali of 11 f i i i a Der or town pollution of about Twenty the Salon Sugii of the Diamond pole Street. C j and out to to Pul the exports and Tullous Elizabcth of v i i 1.j11o started in april and in the following month government sent out the a Solute Captain Austin the assistance Captain omm Aneo Anil the intrepid lieutenant Sherrard of Boni. The fourth English expedition was the Prince Albert Captain Forsyth a vessel of Only ninety tons toward Tho expenses of which lady Franklin gave and her mends Nam if. _ i no. Of 1 18 of i in 1 u1iu out in 1sug the elder to his Arctic of most Buchan and North in april by route and penetrated to Worth. In that same feat was accomplished scoresby an min. North. Scoresby for amass the min thai fou 250 thirty eight times Only on Tivo oct reach the North water. In 181s, to encourage latitudes offered to should ,50 beyond1 to 88 degrees Baffin s Bay and to in to which went up s Eav an i to t o t water. According to it Staleny Lotttie of to one Hundred and fifty por cent. Thl wart family com treiguts paid to the transport rider Between wife and two children hero and port Elizabeth a distance of x Hundred Miles was twice the amount or freight Between England and Tho Cane Over six thousand Miles. Bloomf Oncin i the capital of the Orange free state it jux solvent act of 1375. H. Max Field and Lii a mfg. W. To. Maxfield Ul-11-in-- James Field a writ of attachment 1ms issued in this cause John i5al.sill1e, i8h Ohl Clil Abl acc. Lot n l half s Standard safes. A full Lino of fire burglar proof safes and vault doors always in Sto Clr big Ford Passmore agents. And water Ornis tune Minnesota. Jackson Street St Jos him o a 3 or. A o t it. Was at one time a British Possession but the Revenue would t pay working expenses so it was cast adrift Twenty five years a i the population Are chiefly dutch. It is governed by a president legislative Council and Volks Raad composed of dutch Boers who do some wonderful pieces of legislation one Day fifteen Hundred pounds was voted Lor procuring produce to have the state re presented at the Philadelphia exhibition next Day the vote was rescinded a few Days afterwards it was voted again. The presi Dent was voted some Money for travelling expenses for some reason he did t go on his proposed tip but he took the Money All the same. The had was very about this and thought he the president Hap no right to the must be refunded. Money and voted it however his Honor s onor made his appearance before them next Day shed a few tears and he was allowed to re Tain the Money. Lord Carnarvon wants to bring about a federation of All the South Afri can states Cape Colony Natal Gri Yuland West Orange free state and Transvaal re Public and has sent Froude the historian on a Mission to help to bring it about. The Des Patch was t received with any favor by the Cape parliament and they sent a reply that i kiss of lace. Conveniently and warm. Apply at daily Kek o2s a to 3 o d5 m 35 z o renders foe o 2" o c o the Andurs Lenud will receive tenders up to november tha 27th for the teaming of government supplies consulting of Grain Ami hour As follows about 81.6000 pounds from Moo Rhenel Mann Nesotas to the Cuffori. It 3 o 0 s o o p o re o o o x in co -------------7 the country was not Ripe for Luu Enmon. Llie Wei Ole of the colonial press with one or two exceptions Are in favor of it and i matter of a Short time the they vill All be United under the Intis Flag. The native population is very urge in proportion White More especially m Natal where there Are some thirty natives to every european. If. All Mission Ary stations were conducted on the same principle As or Stewart s Lovedale and them to work As Well As learn them to would be of so Meuse. At present it is not very Desir Able living in Natal. W r Caln. Kien Mont Alpha. A some w Miles South of to Tho government buildings at due about pounds from 180.cw pounds from the government american in tire to Cross the of any a utters win do accepted for the we Oln or Tita separate lots. To to Ai Drc used to the unison pm gov. Agent. On cast of the Selkirk House. Post office news depot. O c. Bryant Tho principal . Inc in tic states Canada Vna great Britain. A Choice Stock of tobaccos fancy goods arid v slate Oncy always on hand and the cheapest in City. Call and see Bryant old Post of fir bloc pc ;