Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - April 27, 1938, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights. Printed and published Winnipeg free press company limited. 300 Carlton Street Winnipeg Manitoba. J. W Dafoe Victor Sifton president. General manager. Registered at the general Post office London eng. For transmission through the Post in the United kingdom at the newspaper rate of postage. Winnipeg wednesday april 27, 1938, the Irish agreements the agreements reached by premiers Chamberlain and d Valera subject Only to ratification by the United King is parliament and Eire s Dail. By these agreements out standing financial claims made by either government titled and special duties and embargoes which have restricted de and Commerce Are removed. The stupid economic War waged for the last six in retaliation for the equally a unborn refusal to pay the land annuities had Long become nauseous of he people of each country and had especially sadly impoverished and demoralized the agricultural Community in the free siat.-. Or. Cosgrave pleaded in the general election in the free is ate last year for a fresh approach to the British and his plea appealed sufficiently to the electorate to deny or the Valera a majority in the Dail. The intimation was and or. De voluntary approach has been rewarded by Greemen of which will promote Freer Trade and which Institute closer conciliation in matters mutually affecting the two appreciation to All citizens and to co relate the sister arts on special occasions. Encouragement should therefore be Given to the association s Campaign for membership. The an Nual fee is moderate. It is to maintain an important phase of the cultural life of this Community for the enjoyment and Benefit of All. By f. W. Burton St. John s College this is if the whole agreement or. De Valera was asking when the negotiations deadlocked Over defence and partition and he. On february 26, deplored that a agreement which alone would have world significance seems now the British govern j ment refused o Advance any solution to partition prefatory to the agreement asked for by or. De Valera. And made Plain that partition can Only become practical politics when the people of South and of North Ireland themselves agree upon the unit of All Ireland. Defence involving British care and maintenance occupation of three treaty ports in the free state infringed on the sovereignty of Eire and is solved in the agreements by great Britain an Ferring responsibility for coastal defences to the govern ment of Eire. Of course this Transfer requested and accepted of Eire involves a memorandum of defence co operation unlikely o be published. In so doing the Transfer implies the defence of the entire unit of Ireland and thus inevitably intern eaves the North and the South in the Mutual Protection of in conjunction with Britain in the unfortunate event courteous tax caterers those sitting at the receipt of custom taking taxes have never been Well beloved and probably the officials raking in income taxes Over the counter at the Dominion building understand that the in posts Are not being paid them with the happiest Grace. Whatever May be the regrets of the taxpayer he can have no com plaint to make of the Courtesy with which he is relieved of his con a Tributino to the Cost of govern a ment. The officials receive him As suavely As headwaters receive heavy spending patrons. They give him the smile of Assurance that the Effort will pain Little and his Money will soon be gone. They smooth out the tangles of making columns on the tax sheets and almost delude the taxpayer into feeling he does not mind shelling out. The implications of the terms of the new agreements will Ives to restoring that flow of Trade which it was not invariably so. Officials in Public offices inclined to Lor Liness and were not always solicitous for those who came in fear or were kept waiting on the wrong Side of the desk. There is a change in the official Demeanour which does credit to whoever instilled it into the civil service. It is generally now As it streamed Between the South of Ireland and i should be and service is both Swift their material effect on internal Trade will be North and South alike. Though these May separate political entities they must As or. Always Britain. Inescapable Tor continue to be Cie Balcain writes in the nineteenth Century adopt Between North and South a Zollverein that will allow each to Market to the whole Island. Estrangement bred and Trade relations cannot remain Intercourse flows freely and self interest exacts Mutual co operation in defence. By adjusting these Trade disparities and recognizing Eire s Sovereign right to its ports. Great Britain May lose a sulky Neutral but gain a Loyal Friend. By these solutions of unnatural alienation the agree ments May be expected to open a Way to the Unity of All Ireland a that w by has never been opened since or. De Valera gained they wer in the free stale. He has not been Given the entire they can be conveyed to transportation Canada s problem by f. W. Barton St. John s College. And intelligent when often it was neither. This is to be commended. It is doubly commendable when the Rush to pay income taxes is heaviest and must fatigue those serving it All Day. It is Only hoped that the Courtesy shown by the officials receiving j the tax forms Over the counter will be displayed when other officials ring up later to question details supplied in those forms. The forms Are intricate and the items confusing. Mistakes will be made. Some will be intentional but Many will pow agreements he aspired obtain but he has secured an abundance his people and to offer More particularly to the Asri cultural population which has suffered from his policies and his intransigence and it is quite probable that he May now reasonably Safe in assuming that he will the taxpayer courteously. Other Wise the Public that pays its whack will resent a return to bureaucratic snoot iness. Proceed to an election Rea be accorded the majority he lacks in the Dail. Terms of the agreements entail Large financial considerations Ana iia Nerit by the Chancellor the prolonged and of Dominion affairs. Macdonald. So Are expected to be moved in the British Par in cellar of the exchequer sir John Simon delicate negotiations coming under the head is. Have been conducted by or. Malcolm it would be dogmatic to suggest that the future Macdonald depended on his handling of the Irish and South african protectorate questions engaging his attention six months but a fair presumption is that the african protectorates and the the Eire negotiations should assure or. Macdonald has recently been the mild mannered Well the flamboyant or. The contrast in their personalities has been the subdued Intercourse in which the Irish ,u11b Nave conducted to Lead to results As much hoped the British As desired by the Irish. The agreements reached Are specific and Concrete but the relations established Are unlimited in Promise. His cautious handling of far reaching outcome of him political preferment. Described by lord Straboli As meaning Voung Man who succeeded j. H. Thomas. Vividly reflected in negotiations have been for by t the British Competition in armaments rather than seeking the Security of collective defence is very costly j business As the British taxpayer people is whether is learning. The budget pre j Rij fic expenditure on mined yesterday showed an in in expenditure of ultimate reduction of the Burden of taxation As an increase m International Good will and reduction of the question for the British with the Ter armaments they Are to rearmament Pur sure really getting Security. All the history of the past Indi be Cates that peace can never been 1 by dependence on Force and and this necessitates in on alliances and that the Only Way the tax levies which had j that holds any Hope is solid la Lett previously been quite Steep. J combination of All peace to veg All but those with Small incomes nations uniting in their own led the raising of the income Fence. Criticism of the Virom 25 per cent to 27 per 1 ment for not devoting itself to thai a surtax objective but depending solely on military strength and alliances is Teel the providing the chief Issue in great increase in the tax on ten from 12 j Britain. To 16 cents per Pound. And motorists will not Worth supporting he jump in the gasoline tax from 15 to 13 cent a Allon. Canadian so Sci inti sometimes complain of i gallery to provincial gasoline taxes of six of that institution the enable the Winnipeg arten a gallery or seven cents a gallon. And this May not be the to tax burdens m 1 association is undertaking a Mem i members win worst. I be ship drive. More members l l an More fund re am or year for sir John i the Way of exhibitions lectures and Chancellor of the sex classes. Canada at her birth was endowed by Good fairies with Abund Ance of natural resources but this Beneficence was cancelled by the wicked Witch who added Abund Ance of space. Chuckling Salevo gently Over her boiling toads this grim female decreed that the majority of Canada s population should live a Day s journey or More from the Ocean she festooned the country with great barriers of Mountain Muskeg Tundra and pre cambrian Rock she inserted cataracts in its principal Waterways and arranged that they should freeze annually she pro that its principal industries should employ Only sparse popu lations scattered Over immense areas and that a Large fraction of the producer s income should be consumed by the Cost of transportation. The transportation problem for geographic reasons Las been the Central theme of Canada s economic history. The Story of Canadian transportation is now Given to us in its entirety by prof. Transportation is not Undi cussed in Canada and a Good Deal of its history is already familiar. But it is familiar usually in two or More mutually exclusive versions. The authoritative account in the pres ent volume based throughout upon careful study of original sources and showing the balance which comes from comprehensive treat ment will contain surprises for everybody. Not being a scandal Monger professor Glazebrook is possibly More than fair to Many of the makers of Canada. But the scan dals True and false Are More familiar already to the Canadian Public than Many highly decorous aspects of the problem which Are of greater importance. In passing judgment upon tech Nical questions the author is wisely diffident. Most problems of transportation policy require the skilled treatment of the economist or the Engineer to whom we Are referred. The Book does not pro fess to Settle for example the present question of railway unification nor does it give much space to the economics of railway rates. Its contribution is that of the his Torian to bring out clearly the permanent conditions and persist ent tendencies of problem matters which Are frequently for gotten anew by each generation. Canadian commercial Community to draw Western Commerce to this route. The Effort was successful in the fur Trade Era Defeated in the canal period but achieved a partial Triumph with the construction of Canada s transcontinental railways. The influence of the St. Lawrence River is dealt with by d. G. Creighton in another volume of this series another persistent element is the stimulus Given to Canadian development by the constant pres sure of overhead costs in transportation and the demand for a return to capital invested in the improvement of routes. The build ing of a canal created pressure for further canals to Complete the route and for immigration and Tariff policies to produce traffic similarly railway construction in Quebec and Ontario created pres sure for the Extension of the rail Way system to the Atlantic and Pacific coasts for the settlement of the Prairie provinces and for confederation. Those Grants in Aid the Dominion government is obtaining from parliament full Power to follow up its payments for unemployment Relief and for Relief works in order to see that the Money is wisely spent. No one can dispute that right. There will be More interest in the West in what the Dominion is going to do this year in regard to Grants in Aid to the provinces on behalf of the municipalities. Will the larger programme of Relief works which the government in tends to undertake Lead it to reduce the Grants in Aid that would not be justified if the Relief works were mainly outside the Urban centres As seems Likely. It is hopeless to expect that the Dominion will this year recognize the realities of the situation in the West where the provinces Are do ing All that could be expected of them considering their financial difficulties and where the municipalities Are actuary not Able to meet any of their Relief costs and Are driven to desperate financial expedients to do so. There is no reason Why the Burden of direct Relief could not be taken off the Western municipalities this year through a corresponding increase in the Federal Grants in Aid. I the Dominion is paying 100 per an Effort to outline the picture cent of the drouth Relief in 170 i which emerges from professor Rural municipalities in Sas Katche s names is comr located o o by . Toronto april 26 the Rowell commission held its second on Tario sitting today. No member of the provincial government was on hand and Public interest is still lukewarm. Idle citizens passing up a Chance to watch the re making of confederation prefer basking in the april Sunshine of Queen s Park to sitting in a dim Interior and absorbing statistics. All paid watchers of the inquiry envied them. Toronto is still not conscious of this historic investigation. A late cold snap May yet drive an audience into the legislative chamber. Meanwhile Only a few decaying political addicts attend. Members of the commission wan because the circumstances re quire it. There is equally valid reason for removing from Western Glazebrook s pages is complicated by the extreme discontinuity of the Story in some respects. Inland transportation in America has two Tive centuries trails and the River prior re routes As Havelock Ellis said not so the satisfaction of the Long ago Ong a Art _. Anri there pressing social needs. Chequer. Stated that expenditure defence would be higher in 939 and possibly still higher the following year. The original pro be increased by Sev i Are few billion dollars at least it is this hunger k be inferred from or. Chamber and Active Art _ gallery lain s statement. 1 keep p the threat 01 War was also to pression in sir John Simon s Dis cities the Relief loads which they i passed through several Sud Tien Are plainly unable to carry. I revolutions of technique in the last in regard to Relief works it is to be hoped that a Low rental hous ing scheme will be included. Fur ther delay would be hard to de fend. The Extension of the Winni Peg general Hospital would be another very suitable Relief work. The Hospital is maintained to a considerable extent by private contributions. Without this support it would have to be taken Over As a Public institution. Private Charit Able Effort should be actively encouraged by Public co operation is a first class opportune and there better ways of feeding than fostering an Alert that can there is great need of the abreast of current Artex and can reach Back for the Best Art of the Pas i. Closure Purchase by the government some weeks ago of supplies of wheat sugar and Oil against the possibility season what then is the hoped for scope of the Winnipeg Art Gal Lery it plans during the coming to bring important Hexhi to Winnipeg to provide an he say that nothing increased contribute so much to the to provide other of lectures Ity. Hospital Extension. The government is wisely obtaining Power to lend financial co operation to industries of any kind in increasing employment. This might be a useful and not very expensive Way of taking men off Relief. It is not much use girls being Able to translate latin prose if they cannot mend their own Stock in have been replaced successively by roads canals railways and air planes. To these rapid changes has been due much of the jerkiness of Canadian eco nomic development. To the Trail and River period furs were the Only important Export of the Interior. Roads and canals made possible agriculture and lumber ing. Railways commercialized agriculture encouraged Large scale manufacturing and opened the rive less Prairies to settlement. Air planes Are speeding the development of the North. Through All these metamorphoses however certain elements of continuity May be discovered. One such element is the persist ent influence upon Canadian development of the St. Lawrence River and the constant Effort of the a recurring theme is the extreme instability of the Canadian econ omy an evil inseparable from rapidity of development. Booms have been characterized by High prices optimism heavy immigration reckless construction of canals and and the conviction that Canada was to be a second United states. Depressions Fol lowing close behind have involved an absence of returns to capital invested in transportation and assertions that the country s transportation system is overbuilt and that Canadian Progress is at an end. The blame for overbuilding has lain partly on human individuals and partly on economic and geographic conditions so that in every Cycle of Canada s transportation history we see All the elements of greek tragedy the irresistible compulsion of in Friendly destiny the sinful Pride the fatal Blunder and the chorus of avenging furies. The greatest of the booms was that of 1900-1914, and it has been followed by a period of special difficulty for Canadian railways. The chief causes of difficulty have been the War the Post War depressions the Competition of the automobile and the diversion of traffic to the Panama canal. Two transcontinental railways were completed just in time to intercept the full Force of these blows hence the Canadian National railways. The links Between government and transportation in Canada have been enduring and of fundamental importance. They have been two fold on one hand there is Public regulation of rates and services on the other there has been the government financial Aid almost invariably necessary to the open ing of Basic routes. Such financial Aid has included actual govern ment construction Universal in Luckiest of them All the Canadian Northern the a Luckiest and the grand trunk the stupidest. A general Case against political interference in transportation can be made very convincing. In stances of corruption of extravagance and of selfish pressure Are there to be cited. The Case can be still stronger if it is recognized that politics has not done its worst damage when it has been most corrupt but when it has thought it was being most far sighted a Pacific scandal was a Bagatelle in comparison with a National trans Continental. However it is obvious that the separation of transportation from politics is a dream. The pro vision of transportation facilities was too intimately entangled with Canada s economic and National development not to be the object of Public assistance and Public control. Nor can transportation policies now be adopted without consideration of their effects upon the Canadian Economy As a whole and upon interests which Are not economic at All profit is an inadequate criterion in the Case of a vital Utility which is moreover monopolistic in tend ency. Politics is not Only the Vil lain but also the hero of the transportation drama. The prob Lem is inescapably up to the citizens of Canada and its solution will require both brains arid intestinal fortitude two things which have not always coincided in the past. Monopoly would not occur to a . Executive or ghost writer. Commissioner Dafoe engaged in mild controversy with or. Black. Or. Black was not unprepared and made ready answers. Or. Dafoe asked him what exactly he meant by the polite word for monopoly used in the manufacturers Brief. Did it involve scrambling the physical properties of the two companies so that they could not be told apart which would mean putting the same labels on All their freight cars Bath towels whiskey tumblers and hotels or. Dafoe s Point was that such a Union if it proved unsuccessful in practice could not be dissolved. In that event he suggested a state monopoly would be the. Only Way out. Or. Black hedged on this question it had not occurred to him that a private railway monopoly could be any thing but a huge Success. The big business Man s simple Faith in formulae shone out again in or. Black s submission on pub Lic works. His theory the . City of Toronto. The average Citi theory is that governments should be stingy on Public buildings and roads when times Are Good Gen Erous when times Are bad. He produced a Beautiful hand painted Chart showing that if construction undertaken in the Boom years had been deferred till the depression there would be almost no unemployment today. Commissioner Angus noted that the Efficacy of this proposal depended on accurate forecasting which or. Black admitted. Or. Angus also observed that the plan to anticipate depressions would if successful abolish depressions. World weary or. Black thought this possibility hang their hats in the House opposition lobby assigned to them in the official plan. Chief Justice Rowell for years Liberal Leader in these parts has no difficulty find ing the place. Others Are learning the labyrinth by trial and error once found the scene of the in Quiry is like a Grotto in a Park As far As possible from the humming zen nere never heard of the . Act and has no idea it is about to be amended. The first of two briefs presented today was from the Canadian manufacturers association. Some months ago in Ottawa the . Appeared before the commission and put in the Bright idea that the Cost of government in Canada ought to be reduced. Asked to say How the captains of Canadian Industry demurred and requested time to consider. Their Brief to Day was partly by Way of answer. It was presented by w. D. Black. A be of . Manufacturer of elevators in Hamilton a White haired but robust gentleman who clearly spends his study of Public problems. Or. Black read verbatim two Long documents pre pared by the . Staff adopt ing a practice which contributes notably to the dullness of the commission hearings. The first of the documents was an argument railway amalgamation. a fruity bit of English worthy of sired Ward Beatty Lii self with expressions like Talisman of Cana Dian democracy perennial Frankenstein and benign monopoly for decoration. Apart from that it was probably the Best argument yet put up for making the . And . Into a single company private ownership of course. The alternative of a state readers Are x finer world within the not very Long ago or. P. D. Ross of Ottawa published an interesting Booklet on the Short word in English taking examples from the great poets and showing How essential to both form and Content has Ever been the Short musical word in that poetry of our language which deals with the human spirit. Now or. Ross has published a companion essay on Canadian poets and the Short in which he quotes passages from the verse of Twenty five Canadian poets. The word Canada May and ought to give us a thankful thrill but it must be a hard name for poets to handle and United states is simply impossible in any line of poetry. True Canada has Only three syllables but there is that last one with a. Words of three or four melodious syllables whose accented syllable suits the metre Are surely according to the High tradition in versification. I a searching Little poem of introspection by Charles Heavysege occurs to me. I miss his name and that of colonel John Mccrae who used the Short familiar word with cunning skill but or. Ross s essay is one of the Best on the versification of our Canadian poets. For one thing he emphasizes their patriotism for another he Calls at Tention to the two domains of expression in language one deals pretty words and pretty rhymes. The True poet must have More than verbal music. In his verse there must be something uncommon or terse of thought or imagery or of for every True poet in the world there can be ten thousand Good Versi by the Way or. Ross does not mention e. A. Thomson who was a Canadian poet ardent Patriot and a Prophet in the Many Mansi Ned House of peace Between nations. Or. Ross counts the real poets of Canada on his ten fingers but he appeals to us to buy the verse of them All. Touching the Short word in poetry and prose you can be sure it is the Best the Beauty the Power the music of the English language depend chiefly on the Short word an epigram Worth pondering. Long words he adds just lame then of course he is an advocate of the Short sentence. W. H. The habitant poet was a Friend of this Anthono Gist of Canadian patriotism and the Short word. And he is afraid that most of the patois supposed to be used by French canadians in their English efforts was in two passages Are quoted Flora Pauline Johnson s poems the riders of the Plains and the Happy Hunting grounds Here is the stanza from the second piece a. Bond issues the result much Public ownership and unintentional. The respective benefits and weaknesses of Public and private Enterprise Are not easily Disen tangled. On the important prac tical Point of efficient planning and construction of railways the greater Honor goes probably to such energetic private builders As Van Home Mackenzie and Mann but the surveys of sir Sandford Fleming were a government contribution. In general railway management the supposed Superior efficiency of private control is not easily demonstrated. While some Canadian railways in private history of transportation in can Ada. By o. P. De t. Glazebrook. I hands have been unlucky others have been stupid probably the Canadian Pacific has been the the Case of land Grants Pressor m human passions and ideals direct Loans and guarantees we a Faith and love and Hope and ult has been j Aii things concerning the human in intentional i spirit. In this Arena the Short word is supreme in English com ing chiefly from the old Anglo exquisite their own eggs j peace. Toronto the Ryerson press. Saxon. The other Domain is that no knowledge and includes science and geography Industry and the professions. There longer words Are inevitable Many coming from the greek and the latin. All but one of the Twenty five poets chosen by or. Ross Are for the Sake of their patriotism. The Twenty fifth Archibald lamp Nan. Never strikes the patriotic note curiously enough. His first love was but he could not be left out As an exemplar in the significant use of the poetic Short word. The Twenty sixth Patriot is an orator and writer of prose namely Nicholas flood Davin. And the excerpt is from a Federal speech in parliament on Dominion Day. I ought to quote orbiter dicta Worth noting. Poetry is More than to films written Fly a Canadian. Sailing into the Cloud land sailing into the Sun into the Crimson portals ajar when life is done of dear dead race my spirit too would Fain sail a Westward unto none of our own poets now in their resting Graves is better Worth frequent Reading than our Indian poet True to her race. Or. Ross gives us about thirty excerpts from poems of patriotism and the Short word. They will Send readers to the poems from which they Are taken and to their authors As Well. Bookman. Only other. Of the Day was that of the Dominion investment and mortgage association read gravely by Darcy Leonard . Or. Leonard was the first witness at the inquiry who has spoken for Eastern lenders of Money to West Ern Farmers arid others a class of lenders commonly regarded West of the. Great lakes As grasping ungenerous and anti social. Or. Leonard himself seemed an amiable and reasonable Man and his it appeared have been strictly philanthropic not in intention but in effect in their dealings with the West. Not one mortgage company according to or. Leonard has made a profit on Western business in the past Twenty five years taken together. Chief Justice Rowell mentioned the common Western complaint that interest rates on mortgages Are several Points higher in the West than . Or. Leonard produced figures which if Correct destroy this argument. The West Ern rate he says is Only fraction ally higher than the Eastern and the fraction is not big enough to cover losses on the Prairies. Or. Leonard s figures which would enlighten or Stupey practically All Western farm leaders Are of course subject to by the com Mission s High powered Ottawa experts. From the Golden books Canada s Century Marjorie Pickthall out of the. O lord out of the North we have come at thy word the forests have heard Yea the tall Cedars have heard and they Bow the Plains have rejoiced at the wound of the plow they have laughed they have laughed at the kiss of the rain in the Bountiful Beauty of Grain the Waters have Sung of the ships to be. We Are come a people new risen and free As our wide deep Rivers that run from the Snow to the sea. " behold a people shall come from the North and a great Jeremiah birthdays Harry Leadley Winnipeg born to Ronto. Ont., april 27, 1866. E. D. Honeyman ., Winnipeg born Brandon Man., april 27. 1886 land musical instruments Jonn. E. Kinney Winnipeg exceeds 440 oscillations Acton ont., april 27, 1874. No longer be played to Public. Today s from psalm 12 help lord for the godly Man Cea Seth for the faithful fail from among the children of men. They speak vanity every one with his neighbor with flattering lips and a double heart do they speak. The lord shall Cut off All flattering lips and the Tongue that speak Etc proud things who have said Witti Pur Tongue will we prevail Oil lips Are our own who is lord Over us for the oppression of the poor for the sighing of the needy now will i arise Saith the lord. I will set him in safety from him that puff eth at him. This words of the lord Are pure words As Silver tried in a Furnace a Rabi purified seven times. Oscillations from the Moncton transcript the germans Are meticulous ill their desire for standardization. Reicha Zeiger announces thai musical note a hereafter shall be the product of 435 oscillations ;