Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - July 21, 1938, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights. Fttie printed and published Ibe Winnipeg free press company. Limited. 300 Street. Winnipeg Manitoba. J. W Baford Victor Sefton president. Go Neil Maught. Registered at the general Post office London ent for transmission through the Post in United kingdom at the newspaper rate of Pottage. Foreign policy realities introduction in justification and defence of much that has been said and done of late resort is often made to a formula which right thus be stated whether you like them or not these Are facts therefore they must be accepted. We must be the Mere invocation of the formula is not in itself conclusive and it has become shopworn in the service of reaction and betrayal. Yet when soundly stated the argument is convincing facts have to be accepted indeed How Ever unpleasant they Are with this qualification however that they Are themselves often subject to changing factors. But the reality of today must govern the decisions of today and it s Idle to deny its because it has implications that May not be agreeable. But of course the reality must be the actual article and not something camouflaged to re semble it. In this and in succeeding articles attention will be drawn to certain facts which will stand any test of reality that May be applied to them being in this respect unlike not a Little of the realism to which the Public has been treated in recent Days. These realities Are and must be the determinants of the policies to which they give Rise. I. The Bennett Meichen fiasco what is the reality behind the catastrophe which overtook a joint attempt by or. Bennett and or. Meighen to get from foe recent conservative convention a declaration of unlimited commitment by Canada to wars in which great Britain May be engaged leaving aside speculation As to the hoped for effect of this Effort on the Choice of leadership it is beyond question that hey counted upon securing the support of the convention for he policy with All its implications which was embodied n or. Meighen s speech itself an amplification of the declaration in or. Bennett in parliament three Days earlier. Undoubtedly they believed with no vestige of questioning in their minds that they could get from a convention of can Idian conservatives a thunderous Welcome for a reaffirmation of the policy to which or. Meighen sought to commit his party n 1922 when owing to the Chanak incident out of a Clear sky he British government under the leadership of Lloyd George called upon the dominions to accept without hesitation or questioning a decision by the British government which had within it the possibilities if not the certainty of War. Assuming that the British government was must be right in its summons to the dominions and the Canadian government wrong in demanding further information and the right to make its own decision or. Meighen attacked the government in a speech in which the following striking passage appeared Britain sends a message to the dominions not a Mere indifferent enquiry As to what was in the mind of Canada but a message to see if the dominions were solid behind the motherland. Let there be no dispute where i stand. When Britain s message came then Canada should have said ready Aye ready we stand by you any consequences of my decision i am prepared to later when the course of events had shown that the course Aken by the British government was wrong or. Meighen at a Ime of great uncertainty in Canadian politics took a position Raich was far removed indeed from that favored by him in 1922 and again in 1938. I believe it would be Best he said at Amilton nov. 16, 1925, not Only that parliament should be called but that the decision of the government which would of course have to be Given promptly should be submitted to the judgment of the people at a general election before troops should leave our this he repeated in the Bagot by actions december 1925. An enquiry into the reasons for the return of or. Meighen 0 his earlier policy and for the parallel Retreat by or. Bennett the Canada first attitude which he assumed upon ocasion during his premiership would perhaps Lead to the con Lusion that their present declarations represent the views that icy have always privately held. Apparently they believed that the time had come when they could get the conservative party to accept these views Asae recognized and avowed party policy. The support for it foul Al they estimated be so Strong that the Dis sentient minority if whose existence they were of course aware would submit for he Sake of the party Solidarity. With the prestige of having loth been leaders of the party and prime ministers of Canada they joined forces in order that there might be no doubt about he Success of their Enterprise. The fiasco which attended their drive is a political reality a the first moment. The Resolution adopted by the convention represented the evening Down of the Bennett Meighen doctrine to a vague formless declaration with which any Brand of foreign policy rom Ultra imperialism to extreme nationalism can be brought into relationship when political purposes Are to be served. It is he usual North by South East by West platform upon which elements the., most diverse in feeling and opinion can unite in be common Pursuit of office. Or. Maurice Dupre joint chair Man of the conservative convention and or. George Herov m.p., pint Secretary standing on this platform can make speeches completely acceptable to their real As distinguished from their nominal Leader who is Maurice Duplessis Premier of Quebec. According to Rideau Banks the Nom de plume of a leading conservative journalist on every major Issue the platform committee trimmed its sails in an incredibly naive attempt to atch every political wind that is blowing in any part of the very accurate statement of fact. The Resolution suggests consultation and Iween All the members of the British is nothing new in this. Both consultation and co operation Are words embodying the idea of voluntarism abound in declarations of policy by the Liberal Leader. There is nothing inexact in the gibe by or. Sandwell saturday night that the Plank could just As Well have been Witten by or. the present Dominion government the other British governments More or less constantly there is a considerable measure of co operation As in the y matter of training air pilots which was the Peg upon or. Bennett and or. Meighen Hung their plans this is far removed from the Iron Clad agreements favored by or. Bennett and or. Meighen. If the conservative party itself a definite minority in which includes in its membership a High proportion he Ultra imperialists will not accept a policy of automatic this surely makes it Plain that those in favor or policy of ready Aye ready represent Only a minor and politically ineffective percentage of the people of Canada. There 4 Hus no political Force in Canada that can commit this country 1 a policy of unlimited immediate participation in a War in the British government involves great Britain or m great Britain is involved by other conditions. This being an unchallengeable fact its political democracy Are not to be escaped by being ignored though the course favored by Many worthy citizens of Canada a think realities can be neutralized by Wishful thinking. But and curbing the guns . Are asking Public in the enforcement new amendment to it code respecting of Small arms. In 1-1 registration of weapons was made compulsory by the amendment provides for a five year periodical re registration in this Case operative before july 1 1939. This close Small arms is a Good thing and the action of parliament is sound. The Winnipeg thursday july 21, 1938 Thunder Clouds at Emerson by p. M. Chis we comparison Between Canadian and american Law in this regard is of interest. When proposals were made recently in Washington ask ing for strict registration of Small arms in the United states they provoked a strange argument it was said that the proposed Law would be an invasion of the Pri vate rights of individual citizens. The objectors claimed that one of those rights was that of own ing and carrying a revolver or pistol if a citizen wished to. Curiously enough none of the objectors seemed to be Able to relate this right and its practice to the great number of murders and crimes with violence with which the United states is annually visited. It is an excellent thing that canadians Are of another mind. Offer to Brandon the government of Manitoba has offered a contingent Grant of a year for a period of years to Brandon College. Private benefactors the chief of which is the generous or. A. E. Mckenzie have also come Forward and if Brandon really wants to r main Tain the College in its midst the rest of the Money needed will have to be found from other private sources. Having regard for All the circumstances and these include not Only the organized political pressure that was brought to Bear but also the value of maintaining the traditions which Brandon College has built up in the past the suggested solution will meet substantial measure of approval in Manitoba. But the government s offer for various reasons must be regarded As the very limit of state assist Ance to. Brandon College. The offered Grant indeed goes beyond what was in Many quarters considered justified and the amount of must surely be considered the maximum available from government sources. Con Sider for a moment the govern ment s position. They must in the first instance wholly support and maintain the University of desperately needs More funds to carry on its work and maintain its standards. They must also Bear in mind that there Are other privately maintained colleges in Manitoba All of which could if they saw fit make de mands upon the government Simi Lar to those made by Brandon. A Appeal for fresh endowments for St John s College for instance is now being made in England. What will the government say if the St. John s governors approach them now and ask for an annual Grant and there Are others be sides St. John s. Having regard to these facts the government s offer to Brandon is therefore an extraordinarily Gen Erous one and will be so regarded by the province at Large. Any suggestion that the Grant should be enlarged or that it carries with it a moral obligation to maintain Brandon College for All time in the future would be viewed with a Good Deal of apprehension. That apprehension should not be looked upon As any expression of hostility to Brandon or to Brandon College but merely that the wide View of higher education in Manitoba makes the Assumption of additional responsibilities by the government a risky course to pursue. Northern air mail crisis air transport in the entire Northern regions has reached a critical stage and this is attributed by James a. Richardson president of Canadian airways to the excessive profits the postal department at Ottawa is extracting at the Cost of the air transport operators. Taking All factors into consider air Tion a net profit of crisis 125 per cent is drawn by the postal department from its Northern air mail or. Richardson s views Are contained in a letter he was invited to contribute to the monthly publication Canadian aviation or. Richardson says in part great Britain doubled its Aid As an outcome of the Cadman re port and the United states whose subsidies had been reduced from their former votes raised them again. Yet with All the Aid afforded by direct and indirect forms of subsidies the situation in american air transport is most serious. It can readily be inferred from this that in Canada where there is no governmental policy of Aid and where no subsidies Are paid the situation in commercial aviation is desperate and the whole Industry is facing bankruptcy. The rejoinder to this going will be that the Cana bankrupt Dian government sup ports commercial Avia Tion by contracts awarded through its postal department. The postmaster general is reported in Hansard for april 24, 1936, As say ing that 27 air mail routes were operated at a profit to the postal department. Again As reported in Hansard of february 12, 1937, the total amount expended was and the value to the department of the mail carried was something like i repeat again that in Many instances the mail is carried by air for Only part of the trip and that is the value of the postage which we receive " air mail contracts Are awarded on certain air routes internationally connecting Canada with the United states. On these Accord ing to the postal department re turns there was a poundage of bringing a Revenue at six cents an ounce of at a total Cost to the department of in other words the postal department incurs a deficit of on air mail flown on those air a or. Richardson deals More particularly with the pro fits being extracted by the postal department from air mail flown in the Northern areas. Surprising he writes Are revealed when the department s figures Are applied to the remainder of the routes on which air mail is carried in Canada without surcharge. The facts As to Revenue and Cost May be tabulated As inter City . 99.407.04 Northern inter City Rune asks or. Richardson is indicated from the figures taken from the postal depart ment s own return submitted to parliament a profit is shown by deducting the Cost making of Northern air mail fat profit from. The Revenue de Rived from Northern air mail. That profit made by the Post office is profit is on an expenditure by the Post office of this profit made by the Post office on its Northern air mail is a profit of approximately 192 per but rail costs Are sometimes incurred on mail sent by air. Allow ing for the rail costs on a generous average the profit on Northern air mail to the postal department in 1936 was All Carrier charges had been paid this meant a net profit of 125% the Appeal of fascism from an address by Geo. Nor in. President o f the University of Colorado it is not the whole Story to say that fascism has been foisted upon unwilling people. It has in fact been welcomed by Many people. It has appealed to All whose love of country was measured by hatred of other Peoples it has appealed to the privileged Clas ses who expected to use the new regime to their own ends it has appealed to the hungry and Desti tute who found in it Promise of bread it has appealed to the Down and outer who hoped the revolution would give them a place in the Sun it has appealed to the nobodies who strutting in. Uni became swollen with a sense of their own importance it has appealed to the brutally minded who under the restraints of civilization had never before been free to express themselves adequately and to the criminally minded who now found their Law less instincts sublimated by patriotism and it has appealed to a Large mixed group of the Middle aged and the Young especially the Young who distraught by the mental and moral disintegration of their lives and oppressed by a sense of the aloneness and futility of their individual existence gladly lost themselves in the crowd merged themselves with the mob and joined the March towards the dazzling glory of Imperial Power. Fascism is therefore in a sense the religion of lost souls and there is Point to the observations of Heywood Broun that those who have lost their souls feel that they must gain the whole world from the Golden books in the Duncan Cam Beir Scott the old Grey Shade of the Moun Tain stands in. The open sky. Counting As if at his Leisure the Days of eternity Stream comes Down from its sources afar in the glacial height Rushing along through the Valley in loops of Silver Light what is my duty o Mountain is it to stand like is it o flashing torrent like theer to be free2" the Man utters the questions he gone the Mountain stands in the the Stream rushes on. Sir Donald. Per cent drawn by the postal department from its Northern air mail Revenue. What transpired in-1937? the air mail poundage with the biggest contractor had an average monthly increase of 21.3 per cent Over that of 1936, but the operators Revenue increased Only rates per cent. This Are Cut shows a further. In crease in Revenue Over expenditure for the Post office at added Cost to the operator. Not Content with this profit the postal department in 1937 cancelled Many of the existing agreements for Carriage of air mail in the North and called for general ten Ders driving the rates lower to should not be Al says or. Richardson for the air transport operators to carry the country s mail with excessive profits to the postal department out of revenues which these opera tors can ill afford to forego. Has Ottawa Ever considered what would happen to tie mines in out lying districts if for Lack of sup port organized air transport ceased in the North has the postmaster general Ever consid ered the problem he would have to face if the Northern mail had to revert to dog teams and canoes of air transport Only recently one air transport opera Tor asked to be relieved of a Northern mail contract and others May have to follow suit on account of absurdly Low the formation of the depart ment of transport to correlate and administer All forms of transport writes mry Richardson a move in the fight direction but it is powerless adequately to take care of the existing situation so Long As the Post office change department controls needed the awarding of air mail contracts. Once the . Has decided that an. Air mail route is required Between two or More Points the awarding of the contract arid All regulation of transport should be in the hands of the minister of transport this in effect is the policy followed with the trans Canada air mail. The trans Canada act authorized the formation of a publicly owned air transport company to carry the trans Canada air mail at a remuneration which will cover actual costs plus a fair return on capital invested. If this is a Wise policy for a Public corporation supported by the taxpayers Money Why is it not a Wise policy for the privately owned corporations who have developed com Mercial aviation in Canada to the Benefit of the North country at or. Richardson concludes his letter to Canadian Avia Tion this is a Case where a government department is Mak ing excessive profits out of a new Industry which is not Only unprotected but unassisted asks for and which pays heavy probe tariffs on most of its purchases. It is suggested that this situation could Well Bear investigation by an Independent commission similar to those which have Grain Trade the textile Industry and alcoholism and motoring by or. Smirle Lawson Toronto Coroner the intention of recent ex-1 pediments was to arrive at the percentage of alcohol in the bloodstream at which there was a slowing Down of the reactions which would ordinarily cause a Driver of a motor car to lose control. The experiments indicate that up to one part of alcohol to one thousand parts of blood there is no appreciable effect on a Driver. Following this a slow retardation until at 1.5 parts per there Are definite signs of slowing up and at 2 parts per the reactions Are quite bad. The general conclusion would be even for the simple action of pressing on the Brake turning to the right or left etc., there was some retardation where the subject showed More than one part alcohol in a thousand parts blood and such a person should not be in control of a car. The experiments further showed that reactions vary with the men Tal stability of the individuals. In some cases where there was be tween 1 and 2 parts of alcohol per in the bloodstream the patient showed Little apparent signs of intoxication while in other eases the patients were obviously under the influence of liquor. J As to the amount of alcohol in j the bloodstream above which a person is to be deemed unfit to drive a motor car no strict limit can be said to exist because there Are great differences in the in a div dual resistance to alcohol. A statistical analysis based on thou i Sands of cases which have been subjected to medical examination by physicians where blood tests were made has however provided valuable information. The British medical journal in 1936 classified persons having varying amounts of alcohol in the bloodstream As follows 2.5 per parts drunk 1.5, moderate 1 or under difficult to say. When the alcohol in the blood has been below .6 per thousand parts there has hardly in any Case been found any clinical picture of intoxication. Whereas with an alcohol Content of 1 to 1.2 per thousand parts More or less symptoms of intoxication have been present in 44 per cent of the cases. With an alcoholic Content of 1.6 to l8 per parts intoxication was 84 per cent of cases from 3 per 95 per cent and with an alcoholic Content of Over 3 parts in All cases. To the 3 parts or More class belong most cases of Drunken stabbing rape and murder. It can be seen that additional test besides the blood test must be used to deduce a Lack of control of the faculties. Test is universally applicable for determining the amount of alcohol beyond which anyone becomes incapable of carrying on his1 occupation in a proper manner the first effect of alcohol is. Xia the higher centres and is Tive and even if no objective symptoms occur the effect May make it unsafe for the. Individual to be in a responsible example in charge of a car. A Correct conclusion can Only be arrived at by the consideration of the blood alcohol Content in combination with clinical sex animation and owing to the fact that it is impossible to prove definitely alcohol intoxication by the clinical symptoms the blood examination is imperative. The test furnishes a practical confirmation that a certain amount of alcohol has been consumed. Confirmation of the clinical findings by the chemical tests renders the decision of a court easier and More accurate. Persons suffering from conditions simulating alcoholic editions Are protected by the test such Are diabetic subjects or peo ple coming out of chloroform or Ether or taking such drugs As chloral acetone and salicylates. A blood test is conclusive Evi Dence of whether the person has consumed alcohol and along clinical symptoms a reasonably accurate indication As to whether he has consumed sufficient to affect his ability to drive a car safely. These tests also demonstrate one other rather important Factor namely that the smell of liquor on a Man s breathes no evidence of intoxication because the alcohol Only affects a Man s mental and muscular reactions when the Al Cohol has entered the blood Stream. They also show that a specified amount of alcohol might make one person quite drunk and incapable of driving a car while it would have practically no effect on an other person the reason being most probably that the person the effects of alcohol was it up. Lib a certain Point without any appreciable effect on his actions. A blood test might also prove very useful in demonstrating the innocence of a Driver whose actions under certain circumstances might simulate intoxication not withstanding the fact that he had never tasted liquor. Der s notes ears books Are a finer world within the a despatch by wireless to the new York times july .8 is printed under the arresting Cap Tion top of. The matterhorn is bought by. A Geneva that Mountain As All mountaineers arid most readers know was conquered by Edward whimper in july 1865, when three members of his party and a Swiss guide slipped the rope broke and they fell Over a precipice. The mangled bodies were buried in the Zermatt cemetery All but one that of lord Francis Douglas whose body was not found. I seem to have read that it was discovered Many years after in the lower reaches of the Glacier in perfect condition but a search through a considerable Alvirie Library on these shelves failed of a reference. The whole party had reached the Summit spending some Little time there and the Accident occurred on the descent. Three years a dentist in Geneva climbed the matterhorn and car ried away the highest Stone slab about a foot wide and ten inches Long. With the evidence of his guides he obtained a certificate from the commune of Zermatt and added the Stone to his collection of similar mountaineering souvenirs. A descendant recently sold them and the top of the together with its certificate was acquired by a citizen of Geneva. Does the novelist need much general knowledge that question is discussed by Richard Aldington one of the modernists in the times literary supplement and his article is in turn surveyed by Trie editor. If you read the editorial first you will have made your own the substance of knowledge and the what makes a novelist i or. Aldington s answer is the gift of gab on the Good novelist is simply the average Man with no special novelist s knowledge to disclose. Fluency the typewriter is the essential the novelist does not seek our dark Ness in the Way of the currency reformer or student of Blake. He appeals to our feelings and is not concerned about giving information. I am drawing on the editorial. True he cannot divest the Appeal altogether of. Intellectual Content a novel is not a novel Una less at provides knowledge of some sort but Lew novelists know More than the articulate intellectual persons who do not write fic Tion. He is even persuaded that their claim concerning special knowledge of human nature is Dis honest. Or. Aldington begins his article with the remark that we read books for knowledge or for entertainment. Do we not read them for Solace too and for satisfaction but this critic would count that As entertainment no doubt when satisfaction is nothing of the sort. He defends that word As including Art for one thing. He May be right in his opinion that the journalist knows More of human nature than the average novelist you May hear much shrewder comments on human nature from Alert old ladies who have lived and been loved a he admits that the novelists do seem to have special intuition into human but touching the life that goes on in this world the intelligent journalist knows Fai More than the novelist and Why should t he having such ample opportunities indeed this rather cynical critic asks if there is such a thing As novelist s knowledge besides knowledge of the right use of words which can be Learned at any University. The essential knowl Edge there is to know How to Tell a Story. And yet according to the Best authority any first rate Teller of tales would know How to Tell a Story without knowing that he knew How. Which is tantamount to saying that he is a that he is inspired. The novelist essayist think or. Alding in is All have a sufficient working vocabulary. It is appalling to think of the words that a writer in any of the Many sciences must know. Bookman. Today s scripture from Prim 119 thou Hast dealt Well with thy servant o lord according unto thy word. Teach me Good judg ment and knowledge for i believed thy commandments. Be fore i was afflicted i went astray but now have i kept thy word. Thou Art Good and Doest Good teach me thy statutes. The proud have forged a lie against me but i will keep thy precepts with my whole heart. Birthdays Thomas jaw sask. Bom ont., july 21, 1876. J. J. Crowe Dauphin Man. Bom. Bruce county 21, 1874. Thomas g. Crowe Glenboro Man. Born mount Forest ont july 21, 1871 ;