Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - September 22, 1938, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights. The lost Opportunity there May fact there in great Britain who Are Well Content with the Triumph of nazi aggression but however High placed and influential they May be they must be few in numbers. Apart from them the great body of Normal British people with their inheritance of respect for decency Justice and manliness must be oppressed today by feelings of humiliation concern and apprehension. Something has happened that no those who were among the contrives of it j was possible and the descent has been so sudden and i so rapid that they Are left wondering where the next downward plunge will take them. And their Kinsmen beyond the seas share 1 their sense that a turning Point has been reached and that the past cannot now be recaptured. In that past there were lost opportunities the crucial import Ance of which will be the better appreciated As the consequences of the loss work themselves out Down the years. One was the Opportunity which was weighed and rejected of great Britain and the other British nations giving effective leadership to the league of nations not by forming a bloc which have nullified the purpose but by co operation and the giving of common support to league principles. In 1933. The year which saw the nazi party come to Power in an unofficial conference was held in Toronto of representative groups drawn from the British nations and the relationship Between these nations and the league was the subject of extensive discussion and of definite decision. Pro Fessor Toynbee who wrote the official report of the conference in his summary of the discussion which appears elsewhere on this Points out the reasons for the majority opinion that the existence of the league was essential to the Security of the Commonwealth. Resolutions in keeping with the Tenor of this discussion were adopted by the conference. They stressed the need of relying upon the league As the most effective machinery of ensuring peace and urged close co operation Between All British nations for the purpose of adding to the Power and effectiveness of the league. A second conference under the same auspices has just been held at Sydney Australia but the Brief Cable reports of the proceedings suggest that this question of Commonwealth and league held a very minor place in the discussions. In the inter vening years the league As an Agency for preserving peace had collapsed and a contributing cause of the collapse if not the chief cause was the refusal of the British nations to fall in with the suggestions of the British Commonwealth relations con Ference of 1933. They did not co operate they did not give leadership ultimately they save new zealand repudiated their obligations and there is now no league in any real sense of the word. That great Britain and the other British nations acting in co operation in keeping with this suggestion could have ensured collective action by practically All league members and that had this been done none of the wars of the past three years would have taken place is a proposition capable of Strong support. But the urgings of the Toronto Commonwealth which included Lead ing Public men not in office from every British nation among them sir Robert Borden and or. Rowell from Canada lord Samuel and lord Cecil from England senator Malan from South Africa or. Downie Stewart from new zealand were ignored. Why chiefly because of the virulent persistent and determined opposition in great Britain in Canada and in every other British nation of those elements in the population who considered the Empire As their particular charge. Co operation by the British nations within the league to the ends outlined would have solved All the difficult problems of Commonwealth co operation and ensured that Solidarity of sentiment and action which these up holders of Empire so ardently desired. But they could not would not see it. The league in their eyes was the enemy and the rival of the Empire its methods primarily for the promotion of peace an offence to their Stout hearts. This was a tragic mistake As must now be evident to the imperialists. The league is gone and the soundness of the statement in or. Toynbee s summary that the permanent establishment of a world wide collective system is a valuable and perhaps indispensable Security for the preservation of the British Commonwealth is now becoming Clear. It is lamentable to recall that if those whose first interest was the British Commonwealth had seen this Issue in its True Light their addition to the league following would have Given control in every country in the Commonwealth to the upholders of collective Security. We should then have had governments supporting league policies instead of resorting to expedient of indecision evasion treachery and Retreat the fruits of which can now be seen. Though All this is of yesterday it is now chiefly of historic interest. The years cannot be turned Back the opportunities cannot be recovered and the future will develop on the lines that he shall take who has the Power with no nonsense about such obsolete ideas As the rights of Peoples who Are unable to defend themselves to their own life. To the disowned policy of collective Security there succeeds the frantic tactics of Sauve qui put with All that this will imply. High Cost of burial hard lessons Learned in recent years have taught Many people the foolishness trying to keep up the Joneses but they still Lay themselves open to heavy charges or burial services by insisting that their dead shall die like the Joneses. A growing feeling about these funeral costs was found by toe Toronto Star in various parts i the country and led it to Dis i from some Canadian Statis pcs that burial costs Are not Only i go but have since 1900 mounted i to 500 per cent. I this exaction is drawn from least Able to afford it at Kiaie when they Are least Able resist it. Their easy Way is to Fleet the Cost out of the Little insurance to which they May be heirs. The Star says the common form of Industrial i insurance is nothing More than i burial insurance and of every Rios Urance policy under it j is often found that Over half is used for funeral i these people should not in All of Crency be faced with the alternative of consigning their dead to a pauper s grave or spending their All. Persons similarly Dis dressed in Europe Are not so con fronted. The simple and Inex burial modes found there being More attentively studied this continent. For As was mentioned in these columns recently and As is now explained by the Toronto Star in almost every Large City abroad funerals Are either municipally conducted or controlled. In Switzerland the viewpoint prevails that a Citi zen s death concerns society and that his burial is a Public obligation. Therefore Only religious rites Are privately conducted. The funeral entails an outlay of Little More than two dollars for a coffin with other equipment priced to scale. The interment land is municipally owned and the entire burial costs Are borne jointly by municipal and state the High Cost of burial is being investigated to bring escape from its intolerable incidence in great Britain. There has been an Awakening to what is a Public need in the United states. Special legislation is sought by the City of new York to Institute Public control of the minimum Cost of funerals and to provide a municipal Plant available to All Resi dents. This movement was immediately recognized by the metro Politan funeral directors association in new York and the funeral directors at once offered to co operate. They proposed a. Funeral service of which they wished to retain direction rather than have the municipality itself provide funeral services As a pub Lic necessity. Winnipeg thursday 1938. Old House near Lockport printed and published the Winnipeg free press limited 300 Cartton. Street Winnipeg Manitoba. Dafoe. Victor Suton registered at the general Post office. London. Eng., for transmission through the Post in the United kingdom at the newspaper rate of postage. Enlarging youth programme toy c. E. M. Ward. Reverses for Roosevelt in the concentration of attention on the crisis in Europe Little note has been taken of the apparently serious reverses for president Roosevelt and his new Deal policies in the democratic Pri Maries. In Maryland Georgia and every other state where he opposed the re nomination of democratic candidates who had fought the new Deal policies in Congress and supported Candi dates who favored them the latter were eliminated and the opponents secured nomination. There Are competent observers in the United states however who say that it would be a mistake to take too much out of these results. They believe that Roosevelt is s very Strong in the country. On this Point the congressional elections to be held six weeks hence will throw a Good Deal More Light. While Roosevelt took an Active part in the recent campaigns with in the party he recognized before the voting in the primaries that his candidates were not faring Well. But he says that this is Only the beginning. He wants to see the democratic party pledged to a definitely progressive programme. He Aims to eliminate the stand patters and to attract republicans who demand progressive action. That would mean a new political alignment in the United states. The division would be on the right Basic policy for improving conditions in the United states and enhancing the welfare of the people. On one Side would be those who think that economic recovery will come far better if economic forces Are left As free As possible and subject to a mini mum of government intervention. On the other Side would be those who say that this would be in effective and would perpetuate old abuses and that special action of various kinds must be taken to help the country and relieve the misfortunes of its people. This new political division is president Roosevelt s idea but much depends on the degree to which he retains the Confidence of the electors of the United states and upon the number of supporters of his policies who Are sent to Congress. And in considering How eco nomic recovery can be brought about is enough consideration being Given to the necessary connection Between Domestic policy and foreign policy to the effect of the disorganization of world affairs upon the condition of the people of the United states is that country not trying to lift itself its Bootstraps while the paralysis of economic co operation among the nations and the incalculable economic wastage on armaments continue whatever effective co operation the United states could lend to the ensuring of peace and stability in the world would react very beneficially upon to own people. Today s scripture from psalm 130, out of the Depths have i cried unto thee o lord. Lord hear my voice let thine ear be attentive to my supplications. If. Thou lord shouldst Mark iniquities o lord who shall but there is forgiveness at Mayest i wait for the lord my soul do the wait and in his word do i my soul wait eth for the lord More than they that morning. Stunned Public opinion i is easier to understand the stunned amazement with which Manitoba has greeted the news from Europe during the past few Days after Reading the latest issues of some of the representative organs of English opinion which have just reached the City. Until a few Days ago it is Safe to say the people of this City and province were convinced that the Anglo French policy towards Czecho Slovakia was one based upon a determination to defend the free Dom and Independence of that country. The papers now to hand show that this was accepted As fundamental by English opinion also As the extracts Given below demonstrate the economist the economist which represents a Liberal Point of View and circulates largely among financial houses Aad students of business and economics had this to say in its sept. 10, a Date which it will be recalled is just two Days before Hitler s Nuremberg speech there Are sceptical voices now asking in the Light of the continued pressure brought to Bear upon the czechs to Grant wider and wider concessions to the sude ten note whether it May not mean that to avoid a War in which we should certainly be involved we Are taking Steps to hand the czechs Over to the nazis. Almost certainly that is there is no room for almost in a situation where absolute certainty is required. Again if our purpose is to procure a peaceful settlement have we distinguished Between one that will keep the peace this autumn and one that will keep the peace next Spring autonomy for the sudeten May merely mean a firmer basis for a German Offen Sive next year. Have we thought of that if we have an interest As we manifestly have in a peace Ful settlement that can Only be obtained by concessions from the Serva Tive thought had this to say thar Ca Fostir Germany hesitating whether to use Force to gain her ends is help czechs that r safety then we must be prepared to pay a Price for what we want by put Ting our binding guarantee behind the new status of Czechoslovakia if our intention on the other hand is merely to persuade the czechs to surrender without fighting Lei us abandon the hypocritical pre tence of impartial mediation Anc ask lord Runciman to Don the Swastika. But if finally our main interest arises from the growing realization that there will be neither peace nor Security for England in a world that is ruled by Force and bluster let us be very careful that we do not disgust and betray those whose interests run parallel with ours and that we do not encourage and Reward the methods of policy that will in the end bring Down the British Empire i new statesman and ration writing on the same Date sept. 10, the new statesman and nation which represents right Wing la Bor said this in the last resort there is no doubt that Britain As Well As France and the whole democratic world would stand by the czechs. It is tragic to think that doubt May still exist in Germany on this Point. In the same Issue a correspondent writing from Paris summed up the situation there in these words psychologically Europe is re turning to the Conception of collective Security. France it is obvious is less isolated than she has Ever been. British intervention is As Good As certain and with Britain throwing in her weight against the aggressor it is becom ing increasingly Clear that re mania Poland and Yugoslavia would Back the the Spectator on sept. 9 the Spectator which represents left Wing con a 1933 View of the Commonwealth by Arnold j. Toynbee there were voices at the Commonwealth relations conference at Toronto in these appear to have been in a minority proclaimed the common wealth and collective system to be rivals which would be unable to coexist in perpetuity in the same world just because they occupied so Large an extent of common ground. There was an other and apparently stronger chorus of voices which proclaimed that the intimacy Between these two great systems of International association was not a hostile but a harmonious relation that they displayed a remarkable conform Ity with one another in Structure and principle and collective system being in posse on world wide Range what the Commonwealth was in Esse As be tween a number of Peoples scattered All Over the face of the Earth and representing most of the principal regions races and religions of the great society which had been called into exist ence in modern times through the ubiquitous expansion of the West Ern eyes of most of the. Observers who took this the common wealth and the collective sys tem so f being antithetical to one another were manifestly interdependent. On this View the special relation Between those states members of the league of nations and signatories of the Kellogg Briand past who were also members of British Commonwealth was one of the most valuable assets which the collective system be cause the Commonwealth relation which actually existed in the con temporary world Between half a dozen fully self governing states offered an Ideal of what the re lation Between All the sixty or seventy such states in this world ought eventually to be and partly because this happily associated Commonwealth group of states members of the league and Signa tories of the pact was capable through practical co operative action of doing More than any equivalent number of jul radically Sovereign Independent political atoms to ensure that the collective system should be an effective and abiding reality in a society for whose Well being and perhaps even existence a collective sys tem of International relations had now become indispensable. Conversely the effective and Permar Niento establishment of a world wide collective system was. Garden on this same View As a valuable and perhaps indispensable Security for the preservation of the British Commonwealth in the new world that had emerged from the great War. In Check by the Superior Force of spectacle o Britain Anc France Russia and Czechoslovakia on guard against her. One thing alone has deterred her precisely such a combination of Law abiding states against an aggressor As was contemplated under the covenant of the league of nations nazi policy has left Germany with one Friend in Europe Anc one alone the rest of Europe is divided into the states which would resist Ger Man aggression against Czecho Slovakia immediately and actively and those which would like to by hesitate and there Are signs o some movement from the second class into the first. Other View the Manchester guardian lib eral discussing the czech offer just made mentions the Lack o Hope that the nazis would permit the offer to Fruct Ify into Settle ment and takes it for grantee that France and Britain would stand together in the czech de Fence if armed place. This evidence of English Opin Ion is reinforced by a significant remark by Anne o Hare Mccormick the new York times Ace foreign commentator As late As sept. 17 after the visit of the British prime minister to Berch she said that it might be taken for granted or. Chamberlain had gone there As the representative of a conquering race whose prestige stood so High that he could take risks with it without loss of face or strength. To her As Well As to the English journals cited the Shock of the present revelations of surrender will come As a violent Shock. The position of the times one other Point May be mentioned which May tend to be Tor gotten in the Rush of Day to Day events. The copies of the. Times which reached Winnipeg on tues Day contain the now famous editorial of sept. 7 suggesting thai cession of the sudetenland should disregarded As a possible solution. It is significant that this editorial had been published be fore the comment cited above appeared. It was virtually Dis regarded because the official de Nial that it represented govern ment policy had been issued from Downing Street. Rumours have however been current in London that the editorial did have some measure of Sanction. The Story is that the editorial was inspired by sir John Simon with the prime minister s know ledge. Lord Halifax knew nothing of it until he read it at his break fast table. He summoned the editor of the times to the for eign office so the Story goes Anc gave him a Handy dressing Down the result of which was an editorial the following Day sept. 8 in which the following remark was made the one solution that is barred by the moral sense of the whole world is a solution based on Force or. What., amounts to the same on., the threat of Force. Even the times therefore on the that have since become apparent no wonder there Are rumblings of discontent and re Volt inside of the British to Nerva Tive since the Federal appropriation for the youth training programme was increased at the last session from to am since the programme will be considerably extended in the Comini fall and Winter a timely description of the work done to Date a been issued by the labor depart ment. A foreword by Hon. Norman Rogers minister of labor Points out that the Success of the pro gramme thus far has been due t the co operation of the provincial governments Many private organizations and individuals. The amount allotted to each province must be matched by the province. Manitoba was the firs to sign the agreement with the Dominion. The 1 provinces submit training projects to the Dominion that Are locally suitable. These Are open to All Young people 18 to 30 years of age without gainful employment and in Necess Itous circumstances. Most of those participating last year were not. On Relief. There were training of whom Only were on Relief. While the Paramount need for the Young people is gainful employment and while the Public is still worried about them the train ing projects Are of a practical nature and the policy is constructive and helpful. It has been very widely commended. Seven of the nine provinces operated forestry projects last year. The object was not to train foresters but rather to fit Young men for work somewhat Akin to forestry and accustom them to out door mine in one form or another was Given in Nova Scotia Quebec Ontario and British co Lumbia. In Nova Scotia a Gold mine was acquired in which prac tical training in hard Rock mining was Given under direction of qualified mining engineers with a nucleus of skilled miners. Simi Lar conditions prevailed in Quebec. In both of these provinces a cer Tain amount of time was Given each week to class instruction. Ontario decided to go in for technical training in mining. This was provided for a limited num Ber of Young men through the medium of a six months course at the Haileybury school of mining. In British Columbia training in Placer mining in con Trast to the hard Rock mining of the East was Given. Young men were Given training in Camps specially established for the Pur pose. At the conclusion of train ing a period of several months supervised prospecting with grub stakes supplied by the project gave to trainees an Opportunity of testing out what had been earned. Practically 100 per cent of those who finished training in Ontario and Nova Scotia secured employ ment particularly in Western Canada provincial universities played an important part in agricultural instruction. In some cases Young men were Given six month courses at the University in question. In others and these were More Gen students were trained at various centres the instructors travelling from place to place. Both men and women were Given instruction in a wide variety of subjects the farm. Courses for men included instruction in such subjects As farm mechanics operation adjustment and repairs of farm machinery farm motors demonstrations in soldering Belt lacing engine timing Knotting and splicing ropes repair and construction of farm buildings horticulture Dairying Field crops care and feeding of livestock Tarm management and accounting soils and Field and animal Hus Bandry Home mechanics the use and care of tools and farm implements building construction and repairs Blacksmith ing use of Concrete and paint rope splicing farm accounting insects and pests included in courses were care and management of the Home food and cookery hospitality and child care Home nursing and first and repair of clothing handicrafts social customs and courtesies Dairying and poultry horticulture. In some cities training was provided by apprenticeships and learner ships. A learner ship is training in a Semi skilled or specialized occupation which de Rands dexterity rather than a High degree of technical skill and can be Learned in a Shorter period. Training of apprentices and learners in Industry was carried on in Ontario and Manitoba. A canvass of employers was made and whenever they agreed to take on Young people and train them h specific trades or occupations they were relieved of the Cost of Nof Ructin either through the pro vision of special classes or in those accusations where class instruct Ion is unnecessary through pay ment of a weekly sum to the employer to meet the Cost of instruct Ion on the Job. There is also occupational train no both for Young men and Young women and there Are Home service training schools for Young women in the cities and Home making schools in Rural districts. From the Golden books from the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam translated by Edward Fitzgerald some for the glories of sigh for the Irr Phet s come a take the Cash and let the credit go Vor heed the rumble of a Distant drum look to the blowing Rose about she says unto the world t blew at once Tassel purse and its treasure on the Garden that never blows so red. The Rose some buried Caesar bled that every. Hyacinth the Garden wears. Drop in her Lap from some once Lovely head. Boots Are finer world within the the american Quaker born Ogan Pearsall though Long an English resident has written series of reminiscences for the Atlantic. He was born in 1865 a Philadelphia and educated a he Quaker College Haverford a Harvard University and at Ballio College Oxford. He is not a voluminous author Laving no doubt inherited wealth among his books Are songs Anc More the English and writings of that kind. He is a Bachelor and a ready writer with out any ambition in life since the years at Balliol except to write about Oxford. But first of All must learn to in the August number of the Atlantic aider the caption he tells about going there to Leam How to write prose. Ert s word that Genius is a if if the gods but Talent is Bur affair to be acquired with infinite patience he wrote. Some shr stories about Oxford in imitation of Guy de Maupassant. They were published in 1895 and fell Flat though the Book brought him two friends Robert Bridges and Dean helps of Oriel Oxford Logan Pearsall Smith describes the multitude of americans fore gathering in Paris As uninteresting they came thereto study Art at who knows what sacrifice to them selves or to their parents but Al most never went to the louvre and never discussed european master pieces. They talked about their own pictures and two Penny exhibitors. But Whistler was then painting in Paris and soon these two americans became intimate i had rented for Twenty pounds i year a charming free rooms looking on a great Cherry tree in a Little he shabby provincial cosmopolitan Montparnasse Quarter. Whistler s studio was round the Orner but he and his wife lived n. A Pavilion in the Garden of an aristocratic hotel not far away. Mrs Whistler we mind As the widow of Godwin the noted arc i act once when Whistler was . Of those stinging letters she said to or. Smith that Jimmy would be All right if he could Only be kept from the he was then painting a portrait of comte de Montesquieu stand ing with a fur coat on his Arm. No Nobleman would give that meticulous artist the too numerous sit Tings demanded and his country Man was of ten called in As a substitute posing for the picture of the fur coat. He was pleased to oblige the distinguished Painter liked his company liked watching him paint. Of but it was a Long arduous task in proxy. Whistler had no pity on his Sitters even when the sittings were standings. If when he had finished the portraits the Sitters should die what would it matter the portraits would live but to die in the Effort to make immortal the fur coat of a stranger seemed to me an excessive when for a Little rest or change of posture a Whistler would answer and go on painting. He would arrange his subject with incredible care every detail to suit then paint with no end of touches land retouched and when the picture seemed finished he would stand Back gaze at it critically cry at it in fury and paint the whole thing out this would be repeated like of a play and the finial painting would occupy but a Brief time. When he finally re leased this proxy for the Day they sat Down to a delicious repast and the wittiest table talk Ever heard. One note More. Henry James was this writer s revered master who gave him the unforgettable advice my Young Friend there is one me. Impress upon you must inscribe upon your Banner and James added after a impressive1 pause that word is Good advice to a Young writer and wonderfully concise for the Wordy Henry Jaines. All those articles will soon be in a Book. Bookman. Birthdays w. J. Short Shoal Lake Man. Born Wellington county out. Sept. 23. ,1865. K ;