Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - September 24, 1938, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights. Printed Publ och Winnipeg Spiot company. Limited. 300 Street. Winnipeg. Manitoba i j w Dafoe a a Victor Seton president. General manager. Registered at the general Post office. London end. Tor transmission through the sort in the United at the Cwa pact Rau of postage. Winnipeg with backs to the Wai amidst All the confusing circumstances attending what May Well he the last desperate hours of peace in peace it an at this moment be fact stands out. An attack by the nazi armies upon Czechoslovakia will be crude deliberate and criminal aggression. From this conclusion there is no escape. It is the Central Point around which All other matters such As the Runciman proposals and the fateful conferences at Berchtesgaden and codes Berg revolve and it is one which the French and British say nothing of the Canadian fully seized. Strip the Issue of War and peace of All non essentials and what emerges it is this a minority dispute broke out in Czecho Slovakia. The German minority us put the facts As moderately As help of Herr Hitler. The Situa Tion rapidly became critical for every device of propaganda Loi own to a dictator state was used to Poison and corrupt German opinion against the czechs while every use was made of military menace to frighten the czechs to give up the defence of the frontiers which were Given them by the joint action of the Allied Powers at the peace conference of 1919. Under the pressure of events lord runt Irnan was sent by the British government to mediate the problem. Under his guidance successive proposals for settlement were made each one More generous than the last. All were rejected. A week ago or. Chamberlain himself went to Herr Hitler to the situation. As a result of that meeting further con Cessions were framed and a forced acceptance wrung from the reluctant Prague government. The exact nature of those con Cessions remains unknown to this Day but it seems certain thai they granted the principle of self determination to the sudeten germans in Czechoslovakia and envisaged their incorporation with no great delay in time in the Reich. Nevertheless it seems also certain Franco British proposals of last sunday embodied in them the principle that aggression was not to be countenanced and that the Transfer either of territory or population from czechoslovak to German sovereignty was to be accomplished if at All by due process of internationally controlled authority. It was vital to the scheme that the change was to be brought about in an orderly and peace Able manner. Sweeping As these proposals were fatal though they Well might be to the safety of the czechoslovak state they were accepted by Prague bitterly and but they were accepted. It was this acceptance that or. Chamberlain carried with him to Godesberg on thursday. With it he supposedly Brough also the news that his proposal represented the uttermost limit o Concession beyond which Britain France and Czechoslovakia were not prepared to go. What happened next no one knows for sure but it seem certain that Herr Hitler did what the doubters declared he a sure to do. He refused the settlement to which it must be assumed he had Given his assent raised his Price and announced is immediate intention to March into sudetenland where indeed Large scale had already broken out. He also apparently set himself up As protector in chief of the hungarian and polish minorities in Czechoslovakia. All Day Long yesterday formal communications were exchanged Between Herr Hitler and or. Chamberlain the growing pessimism deepened by the news that the Prague government had ordered fv5l mobilization. Then late at night the met again and at the end of a three hour session official state ments were issued which mean if they mean anything at All that Herr Hitler has temporarily stayed his hand provided the consent to the immediate Entrance of the Naz forces into the sudeten area and the effective occupation of a least a portion of it. It is at least a tribute of or. Chamberlain s courage that to agreed to transmit this proposal to Prague. He had for almost i week seen a Friendly atmosphere at Home changing slowly int one of cold hostility for the impression has deepened in men minds that neither Justice nor Honor nor indeed the True Caus of peace was being served by a solution which destroyed the safety of Czechoslovakia. In the face of that rapidly growing opinion he has undertaken to transmit proposals of a kind much More drastic and much More open to condemnation. What vestige of impartial self determination i the sudeten area remains if the nazi armies occupy the disputed ground what Price is being paid for what can be at Best Only a breathing spell what consideration of principle remains if the pass i sold before the demarcation of the new Frontier begins if Czechoslovakia rejects this extraordinary proposition who will blame her if she is now attacked who will come t her Aid these Are questions that face the civilized Worl today. Attlee the labor party. The Case of the fruitlessly advanced year after year was in essence the Case the ouse of commons in february y Anthony Eden when he gave be reasons for his retirement from the Post of foreign Secretary and repeated within the last week was in Brief that of con rival Retreat by the democracies before the dictators surrendering positions which both their Honor and their interest called upon them defend was not the Road to current or to per manent peace but ultimately to a. Against this policy they urged be Plain and simple duty of keep no their engagements in the confident belief that if this was and ered to unflinchingly their Post on would not be attacked where s if after a Long series of. Retreats stand were made it would Lead inescapably to War because the enhanced prestige of the dictators would make it impossible for them o submit to a Check. Such were the contrasting views which have clashed times without number during the past three in the British parliament and have been the subject of continual but rovers in the press and on he platform. Does there remain much. Doubt As to which course would have better served the cause of peace tender to dictators Beverley Baxter in his current in Maclean s Maga Zine in justification of British foreign policy in recent years says v we have been faced1, with a new the totalitarian state. The curse of a dictatorship. Is that there is no alternative gov ement to take its place. The col lapse of a dictatorship is like the falling of a Cliff into the Seattle repercussions travel far beyond the Cascade of Waters and the startled foam that leaps towards the skies. The British government has been acutely conscious of this new Factor and has had of balance the visible dangers of a sustained dictatorship against the unknown dangers of a dictatorship col a statements along these lines have teen made on inane Occa Sions by British Public men and journals who have been critical of British policy and they usually file with angry denial. But that were True is not now to be doubted. It never was the business of the democracies of the world to 1-estion the right of the people of 8ny country to be dictators if that was their wish. But it was rather a different thing for to ignore external aggression trenching upon their inter on the ground that if these aggressions were not condoned fee dictators would Lese popular support at Home. It was not their business either thus to prefer the dictators Rule to alternatives which would have Only been pos sible if they could command the of the people interested. Alternative policies the hour May be near we controversy about the relative merits of the actual foreign polic followed jointly and plainly b agreement by the governments o great Britain and recen years and the alternative policies strongly urged which they reject be useless and worse hav ing regard to the business immediately in hand but it can still b said and it is proper that it Shoul that the events of the past three years and the crisis o today afford evidence not easily to be met that it was the disowned policy that would have served the cause of peace.-. The objective desired by both schools of thought was the preservation of peace. The severe critics in the British parliament and the British press of the Cours taken never questioned the goo intentions of the government what they asserted and tried in availing by to drive Home was tha the policy made not for peace by for War and for War under conditions which would give the democratic governments minimum chances for a successful defence but the advocates of a different course of action got no such considerate treatment they wer charged with desiring War an planning for it. War mongers was about the gentlest term Hurle at great figures in the peace move ment such As lord Cecil Gilber Murray lord Lytton and their associates and supporters. It a also applied in even More vim Lent tones to the Public men we this position Lloyd Reorg sir Archibald Sinclair Leader the Liberal party and maj the housing scheme it is Well to know that the City Council is trying to decide on a housing scheme for people in the of income class and to thus take advantage of the valuable Assis Ance offered by the Dominion government. A Low rental scheme costing and providing for 474 families has been drawn up by. A Winnipeg firm of Archi acts and this is now under consideration apart err suites and houses in rows or Ter both economical forms o construction. There is Central heating and desirable Park arts recreation ground. The cheapes1 suites would rent for or which includes heating and the other suites and the houses in the terraces a Little More. The scheme appears to have Many Good Points but it should be carefully examined so that the Lity will know definitely that the rentals will actually cover All cos factors. It is therefore wisely Weirig deferred to the City treasurer the assessment commission and other officials and also the housing officer of the finance department at Ottawa for critical examination with the co operation offered by the Dominion it would be extremely regrettable if Progress were it made now in dealing with the acute social problem of a decent minimum housing Stan Dard for the Low wage earners and their families. Great damage i now being done from the stand Point of health and social Anc moral conditions by the excessive crowding of families into House in various sections of the City Thi Public Are assuredly paying heavily for this and in the Long run there would undoubtedly be econ omy in providing better housing. Cheap capital and also a Cas subsidy have been found Neces sary in Britain. And other coun tries in putting decent housing within the reach of workers in the lowest income keep the rents Low enough. That is virtually what the Dominion is doing. If i offered housing Loans to the Citie at the same interest rate As it pay on the latest Issue of Long term Dominion Bonds that rate woul be 3.07 per cent but the Dominion offers thei Money at two per Cen its assistance therefore really in dudes a Cash subsidy. On a 000 loan it would amount to mar than a year or More than in.20. Years if the housing loan were for that term. Winnipeg and other cities Shoul certainly Avail themselves of Thi co operation. It is to be Hope that the City Council will concen. Trate on the question secure approval at Ottawa of considered scheme and get it i operation at an Early Date identical keys from the Christian science Monitor when you get your 1939 car an with it a set of keys Don t think that you Are the on. One to hold keys to your car. Re searchers have found that no Auto Mobile producer has at his disc spa More than locks of a give combination while Cost of them have fewer locks. Hence for every cars produced there a motorists holding identical sets of keys. At one time a single manufacturer had Only 65 sets of key which made it possible Lor thieves to Complete layout Bleys to be sure woul fit any Model of that Marius actor on the Road i Noj so easy to in. Stocks so the chances against a robbery of this Type Are Worth the Effort but never be surprised to som Day your neighbor opens your car by mistake with his own keys. Nazi history training in flying in flying in Canada a is being discussed with much secrecy at Ottawa but reliable Lints of changes the military Council wishes to see made escape through curtains closed even to departments., of the government equally concerned. Flying circles across Canada Are agitated by these intended changes be that to allow effect to be Given to the proposals would reverse the Progress in flying in Canada made since civil flying was delivered from military. Control. The inner ring in the depart ment of defence which defies any minister of the department As was admitted in parliament a few months ago hungers to civilian flying training pack under it. This outcome would not be feared in a change would re tru Progress Ilian quarters if the present discussions at Ottawa confined themselves to the neglect of training in advanced military they do not and As an excuse for expanding air mindedness in a nation whose youth is eager to learn to Fly a attempt is to be made to cover up the Lack of advanced training in the Royal Canadian air Force by giving the air Branch the wider duty of ordering civil flying training. Improvement in the Standard of training in military flying is the special concern of a part of the British air Mission in Canada. Be sides having to consider production of equipment that Mission has to interest itself in seeing that train ing in military flying in Canada is brought to a higher Standard just As commercial flying is being scientifically trained in instrument and beam flying at the trans Canada air lines school at Winnipeg. The . Is nowhere similarly served. It is not Given training in advanced military Fly by Harold Moore. Ing at any station and it does not do any military flying at some stations. The Standard of training set by the military air Branch is obviously below that set in com Mercial aviation in yet the department of defence is manoeuvre Luigi to give Back to the air Branch control of training in civil flying. Post pilots flying in Canada today Learned to Fly under civilian instructors and got their certificates under civilian examiners. Their elementary training and their subsequent advancement to specialized flying do them great credit out of the thousands. Of Young men taught to Fly in this Way came the 120 canadians who m civil flying hold Short term commissions in the it Wing. British Royal air Force. T h e Young men did not have an hour of training under any military authority in Canada jjut7 when commissioned in the . Advanced in military flying to a Standard unknown in the . A the department of defence did to qualify those Young Canadian civilians to get commissioned in the . Was to arrange for their medical examinations. Flying in Canada has progressed in recent years under the civil training it. During last year alone 608 pupils were under flying instruction paid for out of their own pockets in nearby civilian schools and clubs whose member ship numbered and in which hours in the air were flown. The Way to encourage flying is not to Ballyhoo about More air minded Ness in a nation whose youth is singularly air minded but to lend practical encouragement to help that youth to learn to Fly at less Cost to itself than it has had to incur. A modification of the newly formed civil air guard in Britain could be applied to Canadian civil air conditions. The response Here would compare favourably with the response in where in less than a month members were enrolled to Fly or to be taught to Fly in a civilian organization controlled by a civilian Board. Training and. Personnel Are the special concern of two highly qualified officers of the British air ministry attached to the. Air mis Sion now in Canada. Marshal of the Royal air Force sir Edwarc Ellington is inspector general of the ., and commander j. M Robb is commandant of the Central flying school of the ministry. Marshal Ellington came Here after reporting on the air Force in Australia and. Advising new zealand on its air Force and commander Robb has been brought Here to find out what facilities exist for training military pilots up to a required advanced Standard. Arshal Ellington s report on the australian air Force was published Early this month. I enunciated principles liable to be As unpalatable to the ring inside the ministry of defence at Ottawa As they were disconcerting to Mili tary authorities at Canberra. The Canada s Lister from the financial Post Arthur Lister who Waln inter National recognition for his. Meth ods of teaching Art to children leaves Toronto this week for new York where he has been appointed professor of Fine arts at teach ers College Columbia University. It is another Case of a Canadian being lost to Canada because he was so successful at his work that outsiders valued his services More than canadians did. The tall Long haired artist put of teaching Art to children into practice at the Art gallery of Toronto after he had won recon a Brilliant landscape nation As Painter. A dozen years ago no one suspected that the shy soft spoken mild member of the famous group of seven his hair already greying would change the whole approach to the teaching of Art and would be consulted by Australia new zealand and South Africa All eager to adopt the same system. His ideas Drew the financial support of the Carnegie foundation and the saturday morning classes for children at the Art Gal Lery of Toronto branched out. The children s Art Centre was organized and extensive research work was undertaken. The Carnegie support was extended year after year although was that once established the work would be financed in Toronto. Now or. Lister Wilt carry his ideas to Columbia and will there direct the teaching of United a fates teachers How to instruct children in Art or Lister possesses that rare in an artist the ability to his ideas on the platform he is Canada most Charm ing speakers on to an , Fervour and his own enthusiasm in his work. In have More than held their own. In the sciences in Medicine in Engineer forms of transportation. Ing the Dominion has kept abreast of the International Parade. _ in the arts however Canada has lagged. With some Brilliant exceptions triumphs in Art have been by canadians no longer living in Canada. The departure of Arthur Lister for new York is another sad example. Or. Lister s work Nad placed the Art gallery of Toronto at the front of the new work being done in the Art education of Chol and now the directing Force be Hind that work has been allowed to leave Canada and once again canadians will proudly Point to work being done by expatriates in the United states. A live outfit from the Regina Leader Post the Toronto transportation commission a Public body that runs the Street railway system in Toronto has bought 140 new Street cars at a Cost of three million Dol Lars and is taking half Page advertisements in the Toronto news papers to Tell the people abou1 them. The new cars Are electrically heated and ventilated have a new lighting system win Dows that shut and open easily a new and More comfortable seat rubber packed wheels Springs and bodies and a motor pick up smoother and faster than that of an automobile. The Motorman has Finger tip control for starting and braking the v cars Are insulated against Meta foil noise arid a Bratu kit Reading the makes you want to take a ride on the Street and that is the idea of the transportation Mission to have More people use Thi streetcars to Guetin Toile habit of using them instead of other m prestige nurtured by Juntas military hedged queer situation behind s o c i a in . Zarbas did no protect the High command. Of the Royal australian air Force being swept away in a far reaching reorganization or dered by the australian prime minister on receiving the Elling ton recommendations., their com mands Are not to be passed Over to other pets with for promotion is to depend on Merit and no longer on seniority or marshal Ellington praises the personnel in Junior ranks in the australian air Force and assuredly As compelled to Praise the material in the Squadron personnel of the Canadian air Force. Mih tary flying training a be in Australia. As it is. Known to be in Canada and the australian government has ordered that it mus be advanced. Conditions in the air Force in Canada will compe the air Mission to make. Similar recommendations. There is no advanced military flying-being1 done there is military flying being done. To keep officers wearing the King s uniform Are employed to commercial work that could be done Bette and More cheaply by civilian fliers and incredible As it May seem when air defence is a National anxiety favored officer Are promoted to High rank though for years they have not served Day in the air Force. In the face of these training an other service conditions in the air Branch of the defence forces o Canada the attempt again to impose military control Over Civi flying training can be regarded b the Public As an incomprehensible piece of robbery if perpetrated will set Back the advanced commercial flying achieved under civilian impetus. Not in Tain Otom the Montreal Star but it is a great mistake to Saj that the last great War was f ought Valitt end in permanent and Universal peace Fyhad not been feb unfit by the Allied and associated defenders o Liberty we might indeed have Hac sort of peace they Are enjoying today in harried and hag Ridden Austria. Joist a nazi Dodge Oscar Jaszi professor of poli tical science in Oberlin College Ohio in a letter to the new York times has something to say about tie claimed grievances at Trie sudeten germans and the general question of minorities in Central Europe. He Speaks on this subject with knowledge and authority. Hungarian by birth he had both an academic and political career of distinction in his native country before taking Refuge in the United states in 1919 and in the Karolyi ministry which was the first government following the War he filled the important office of mini Ster of minorities. Or. Jaszi wrote before the proposal to dismember Czechoslovakia was made to ques Tion the propriety of the plebiscite first proposed. After noting the Case presented for a plebiscite and finding it not conclusive he goes on to say self determination for the sudeten germans is above All an instrument of the German imperialistic scheme. Neither Hitler nor his followers have concealed their real aim which is the re Newal of the old Imperial idea openly stipulated in the treaties of Bucharest and Brest Litovsky of a Mitt Leuropa under German econ Omic and political domination. After the annexation of the ten germans there would follow in More or less regular order the subjection of other non German regions in Central Europe. In particular the so called National self determination of sudeten germans which probably would Lead to similar self determination for Czechoslovakia s other National minorities would inevitably mean the Subjec Tion of czechs and slovaks to German domination. The country would be strangled economically and strategically. It would be compelled to abandon its French and russian allies and to make common cause with the dictatorships. It would be forced to give up its present democratic methods of government and also to suppress its labor movement and to annihilate its jewish minority. These considerations show that however True in its ultimate moral foundation the principle of self determination May be its application in a world motivated by imperialist interest increase the amount of brutality and exploitation. A principle of abstract Justice would be turned into an instrument of Power politics. There is yet another argument moral rather than political in its nature. might face their English and French protectors with words approximately such As these practically every state has National minorities which Are More or less dissatisfied with existing conditions. Why single out Czechoslovakia the country which has toward lib eral treatment of its National minorities than any other country Why protect Only the sudeten Ger mans and not for instance the White russians and at least 000 germans in Poland and the slovenes and croats and South Tyro lians under fascist italian Rule to say that they Are satisfied with then present condition is hypocrisy. They Are silent be cause under dictatorial Rule any protest would mean their More cruel subjection and because they do not receive support from across the Border. The imposition of a plebiscite upon Czechoslovakia alone would not be the application of the principle of self determination but rather its misuse to cloak the surrender democracies to the imperialistic will of the from the Golden books lines on Freedom Tennyson of old sat Freedom on the Heights. The thunders breaking at her feet above her Shook the starry lights she. Heard the torrents meet there in her place she did rejoice self gathered in her Prophet mind but fragments of voice came rolling on the wind. Thenstedt she Down through town and afield to mingle with the human race and part by part to men revealed the fullness of her grave Mother of works from her Isle altar gazing Down. Grasps the triple and the Crown her open eyes desire the truth. The Wisdom of a thousand years is in them. May perpetual youth keep dry their Light from tears that her fair form May stand and Shine make Bright our Days and Light f turning to with tips divine the falsehood of extremes. With Fulma the thunderbolts this about 1833 and first published tin 1842. Birthdays George Black new Westminster b c born Edinburgh Sec sept. 24, 18481 w. J. S. Brown Winnipeg born scot., sept. 24. 1853 bom. Bead ing Berkshire eng., sept. 24. 1857. David t. Hard Treherne Man. Born Forfarshire scot., sept. 36, 1861. John Peterson Emerson Man. Born Loerop. Sweden sept. 25, 1854. J. G. Tho Gelison Winnipeg born a Kureri Iceland sept. 36, 1862. A Ders notes books Are a finer world within tin a woman journalist recently wrote in an Ai Merican Magazine that when she first began to Mit her copy to and the polite refusals were so regular that she had died and received the follow ing notice from heaven your soul so kindly submitted for our consideration is Here return neck to you with deep appreciation no criticism of its Merit is implied but heaven is at present very Well the latest fortnightly is full of articles occasioned by the danger Ous state of Europe and the Orient. But the intelligent Man s guide to Oscar Wilde is by Hugh Kings wrote the life of Frank Harris. He recounts the uned Ify ing tale of Wilde Harris lord Alfred Douglas Shaw and so All about that Book of which we have read enough. Kings Milts biography was published in 1932 when Harris had been dead a year Only. His excuse although my belief in him As a great and Good Man had perished my interest in him As an extraordinary character shortly after his Book about Harris 1932, Kings examination has Arisen which has Little to do with a student s actual the teacher who can set an examination paper that is an honest test of a student s knowl who. Can conduct a like examination must surely be the Best instructor in school or College. Article the Island will attract All readers interested in literature. The Island feeling is a phrase of Walter de la Mare of a feeling Akin to the imagination. The writer e. H. Wisiak tells that Stevenson s pub Lisher changed the original title the sea Cook to treasure great Britain herself is a tight Littie Island the Early greeks called themselves an Island race Ithaca was the Island Home of Odysseus then the Island in habited by the sea Nymph Calypso on which the greek hero was ship wrecked. There were Robinson Harris s the same that was not Cei Ved asked permissions it on to Shaw who figured As ithe one responsible for declaring Harris s stir Ely Shaw would be con Viricel of a mistake. But he though he far More interesting and gave some Mer riches of Wilde and his Mother both of whom Heither that aversion nor affec1 Stoa f or1 Harris excused the refusal to look at i eluded that he attached importance to a reputation infallibility and had not Learnt from or. John Aon s ignorance Madam pure How tenderly the world feels to Waits anyone5 capable of admitting an an article for schools and is examinations in the nineteenth Century show the Reform. Recent year a of Crusoe s Island and the family Robinson s where Swiss ship provided too Many things of convenient use according to Stevenson. Robinson we Are reminded was written As a of escape from himself in a miserable lodging with a Price upon his head. His imagination Hies to a desert Island. Lord Bacon s Island in his Politi Cal fable the new is named Bensalem in the Pacific Ocean. Secure from attack Mill heard from Wilde s t oldest for none Dut rare travellers know Friend r. Had fit tie will written a detailed exposure of Deyesso wee have some of flying in the have Shipps. And Boates Lor going Jinder wee Jay Eralso Meanes to Cove sounds in trunks and pipes in wee As great and i suppose Bacon s some cheap series pfc. Renal Iii classics. It interesting to every one of us., 14 v Bookman. Today s scripture from 4 my soil my words in Cline thine ear unto my sayings. Let them not depart from thine eyes keep them in the midst of thine heart. For they Are life unto those that find them and health to All their flesh. Keep thy heart with All Diligence for out of it Are the1 issues of life. Put away from thee a Froward Mouth and perverse lips put far from it ;