Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - September 27, 1938, Winnipeg, Manitoba Temperature readings 6.30 ., sept. 26. 9.30 ., sept. 26 12.30 ., sept. 27 3.30 ajn., sept. 27 for full report of meteorological office see Page one. Vol. Pages. Sun rats 8.20 Sun sets 18.17. Moon rises 10.53 Moon sets 30.05. Winnipeg tuesday september 27, 1938 . Guarantees czech promises fuehrer defiant demands sudetenland but blast also offers Hope Russia offers solution Geneva. Sept. 27. Foreign commissar Maxim Litvin of was reported today to have pro nosed a peace by Force plan to Paris and London As the Only pos sible answer to Chancellor Hitler. The foreign commissar some sources said had urged France and great Britain to join Russia in Mil itary measures which would leave no doubt of their intention to fight if Hitler attempts to seize the sudetenland by Force. Sources close to the russian de legation said the soviet plan was to Send the French British and soviet ambassadors simultaneously to the German foreign office warn ing Germany they were prepared to defend Czechoslovakia. Show of armed might the next step in the peace by Force plan was said to be a demonstration of the armed might of the three Powers As close to Ger As possible. Such measures informed sources said might include concentration of the British Home Fleet and the French Atlantic Fleet in the North sea massing of Large forces of rus Sian troops on the rumanian Bor Der near the Point where they might be expected to Cross Ruma to to reach Czechoslovakia a demonstration flight of Sev eral modern bombers from Paris to Prague and from Kiev Russia to Prague to show Germany How quickly Czechoslovakia could get Aid from the air. Details of the reported plan were disclosed As army observers Here saw much depending on British French russian Solidarity before final showdown speech. After Hitler s blockade threat looms for nazis Washington sept. 27. A foreign Trade experts expressed the belief monday a european War might Cut off latin american producers of raw materials from the markets of Germany which in re cent years has been putting Forth a strenuous and apparently Success Ful Effort to solidify its Trade relations with the Southern republics. They based this opinion on the overwhelming superiority of the British Navy As against that of the Kich and the possibility a British blockade of Germany s coast similar to successful ones during the great War could Cut off supplies of raw materials from this hemisphere. British naval superiority Over Germany is much More marked Man at the outbreak of the great War. For purposes of historical record the free press pub Lishes the full text of Chan cellar Hitler s speech on pages 6 and 7. Berlin sept. 27. Hitler monday night told the world that if Czechoslovakia does not give Germany the territory he has marked As sudetenland by oct 1 he will act. The time has come to talk he said and the sudetenland is the last territorial demand i have to make in Europe but it is a demand from which i never will the Leader of Germany told a cheering throng of in the sport Palast that the memorandum he handed prime minister Chamberlain at Godesberg is the last and final he asserted however that it contained nothing but what Benes promised in the Prague government s acceptance sept. 21, of the first Anglo French plan. Further he asserted that the final outlining of the Border Between Germany and Czechoslovakia i gladly give to the citizens using the precedent of the Saar Region for a plebiscite. He also made this significant statement and i further assured him Benes that at the moment that Czechoslovakia has solved her other problems that is when the czechs have reconciled themselves with their other minorities presumably the polish and hungarian minorities the czech state no longer interests me and that if you please i give him. The guarantee we do not want any czechs. Yet there was nothing in the address one hour and 13 minutes Long broadcast by radio to an anxious world which Hung on every indicate definitely just what the fuehrer intended to do. Apparently he still Hopes to get the in maps which he attached to his final memorandum by negotiation and plebiscite. He said at one Point in his speech i was and am willing to have a plebiscite in the whole czechoslovakian he did not say outright that he was going to War to get the sudeten areas which Czechoslovakia Al ready has agreed to cede him though she apparently disagrees with him on the definition of the sudetenland. Patience exhausted he did say at Well spaced Points in the address or. Benes president Eduard Benes of Czechoslovakia must cede this Region the sudetenland to us by oct. 1." we Are determined May or. Benes know regarding the sudeten problem my patience is he proudly Tol d about Germany s great military strength her mighty air Short what a great Power Germany has become. This All might indicate by infer ence Germany was going to fight but Hitler did not say so. He did declare that he had accepted a proposal that the British legion be invited to maintain peace and order during voting in the areas of Czechoslovakia where he de mands a plebiscite. In London it was disclosed major general sir Frederick Maurice president of the British legion flew to Berlin sunday a Ifft with a. Legion offer to police the sudeten land of Czechoslovakia during a plebiscite. Sir Frederick returned monday night and placed Chancellor hit Ler s reply before prime minister still a change British press shocked but clinging to Hope London sept. 27. Up British morning press shocked by the violence of Hitler s sports Palast speech today Clung to a shred of optimism. They noted Der fuehrer did not change his demand or did not and the deadline. In the three Short Days before oct 1. They hoped someone might evolve some Way persuade Hitler to take peace what Czechoslovakia France great Britain offered him in plan prime minister chamber flew with to Berchtesgaden 10 ago. An ironic reference to Hitler s speech of historic daily mail Independent of that he said nothing to halt Drift towards War. The British people led by or. A Tamberlain will work to the end Avert the paper said. But let none mistake this inherent of peace Jor Wear Ness. Britain j she is called upon to defend free and Justice will do so with unflinching courage and a conquer tenacity. Let none doubt either the British dominions and monies would rally immediately to support of the Mother country. United Empire would fight to the at Penny and the last Man. And so Nous. Empire would once More be Vic hire times Independent said did not absolutely to e closed the door to negotiations czechoslovakian nation does the memorandum mean they Are determined to get a stranglehold Are they seeking to murder the nation because it is in their Way and Ien stride on reaching Forward to Rich prizes of danubian and Balkan granaries those Are the questions which loom so Large behind the immediate breathing space the daily Telegraph conserve Best that can be said of the. Speech is that while it slammed the door it did not irrevocably bar and Bolt it. There still is a breathing space but there will have to be a wholly press comment continued on Page 10, column 3 Windsor May return London sept 27. A the of it is addled toe paper that neither the last minute communication from great Britain neither the admirable words of the. President s president Roosevelt a Appeal nor the hint behind them in any Way modified Hitler s reckless and fanatic three great Powers great Britain and France have now proclaimed their intention to resist Force by Force and this completely alters the balance for Ger and the picture As a nazi tagline towards the i that he will return to said the hew York the Duke of Windsor s Querry told the London daily Mirror monday that the Duke probably would re turn to England if War were declared. The paper reported that the Querry speaking from Cap d Antibes France said in the event of War the Duke s what Are the ultimate intentions i plans Are made and it is probable Powers Pool forces Strong warning note is issued in London we regard ourselves As morally responsible for seeing the promises Are carried out Chamberlain. He made the flight with the prime minister s approval there was no indication in the fuehrer s address to any reaction he might have had to prime minister Chamberlain s urgent note delivered monday by sir. Horace Wilson re ported authoritatively in London to slave been a warning that Britain and Russia would join France in support of Czechoslovakia in event of a German invasion of Czecho Slovakia. While Hitler was speaking Bri Tain made it Plain in diplomatic quarters in London that she Russia and France had agreed upon such a course. Monday night a spokesman for the German government said he had 10 comment to make concerning this Tri Power stand. s statement that the sudetenland is the last territorial demand i have to make in Europe was regarded As reassuring and of fundamental importance. But the Gist of the entire impassioned oration was that he would act he would do something if he did not have the sudetenland by oct. Saturday. Rally Hall crowded hours before the fuehrer apr geared the traditional rally Hall of the nazis was crowded to its roof beams. The crowd cheered and Sang gaily to while away the time until Hitler made his dramatic appearance. In a moment the concourse be came a Forest of out stretched arms. Slowly Hitler Clad in the traditional Brown nazi uniform moved Down the length of the auditorium Between rows of his special Black uniformed guards. As Hitler spoke of his armed Force the like of which the world has never he turned almost proudly to his Pivotal Field marshal Goering sitting nearby in the uniform of the air Force he Low commands. When he told his audience now you carry arms he had built up for Germany a terrific storm of applause broke Loose. There were cries of we thank you War talk Hung on every Tongue monday. Most germans approached took a glum View of developments. British residents of Berlin were leaving in Masse. The bourse too reflected uneasiness with losses to four cent. Per along the entire silesian Border thousands of lorries loaded with troops were reported moving to Ward the Frontier and detachments of the German army from Weg Scheid Bavaria departed for the Frontier zone. They were quartered in peasant Homes in the Sesselberg District. Premier Chamberlain Attlee courage London sept. 27. Attlee opposition Leader in the nouse of monday night exclaimed amid storms of applause at. A labor mass meeting if War should for we must meet it with Cour age with the courage that Bur peo ple have displayed in the past we have a great heritage from Pur forefathers who won our Liberty. We dare not betray it now. There Are some things we can not surrender. Life without Liberty is not he spoke after having called at the prime minister s residence to become acquainted with great Britain s position in the czechoslovak crisis. Forced upon tvs i would ask you to remember that if War should come it. Will have been forced upon us and. We should not fight in a spirit of or. Attlee said. A Strong United stand by Brit Ain France and Russia backed As they would be by the overwhelm ing opinion of the civilized nations of Europe and by opinion in the United states of America can yet prevent War if War should break out it is Crystal Clear that blame will rest on Hitler As the ruler of i cannot bring myself yet to be Lieve he will take that guilt upon London sept. 27. Prime minister Chamberlain publicly declared today in a reply to what he called Chancellor Hitler s Lack of Faith that the British government was prepared to insure execution of the Anglo French plan for Ces Sion of the sudeten areas in Czecho Slovakia. The prime minister said great Britain was prepared to see that the czechoslovak Promise to carry out the Anglo French plan was executed with All reasonable prompt or. Chamberlain adopting the unusual step of issuing a personal Midnight statement after Hitler s speech at Berlin asserted that acceptance of the plan to which Czechoslovakia already had agreed will satisfy the German desire for Union of the sudeten germans with the Reich without shedding of blood in any part of or. Chamberlain said he had read Chancellor Hitler s speech and i appreciate his reference to the efforts i have made to save peace. I cannot abandon those efforts since it seems to me incredible that the Peoples of Europe who do not want War with one another should be plunged into a bloody struggle Over a question on which agree ment has already been largely of it is evident that the Chancel Lor has no Faith that the promises made will be carried or. Chamberlain continued. These promises were made not to the German government direct but to the British and French governments in the first instance. Speaking for the British govern ment we regard ourselves As morally responsible for seeing that the Are carried out fairly and fully and we Are prepared to under take that they shall be. So carried out with All reasonable promptitude provided that the German government will agree to settlement of terms and conditions to the trans Fer by discussions and not by Force. I Trust that the Chancellor will not reject this proposal which is made in the same spirit of friendliness As that in which i was received in Germany and which if it is accepted will satisfy the German desire for Union of the sudeten germans with the Reich without the shedding of blood in any part of . Reaction critical of Hitler new sept. 27. The Eye of desperation could detect in Chancellor Hitler s Berlin address some indication of a willingness to consider said the new York Herald Tribune today. Question of the hour now is How far will Hitler go the last word is president Roosevelt s Appeal to Chancellor Hitler and president series of Czechoslovakia to Settle differences by peaceful negotiation certainly Speaks the passionate prayer of every said the Baltimore Sun. But it also implies the possibility that if Force is to Rule this nation May resort to Force the new York fat said it never pays to argue with a mad Man. Adolf Hitler is Likely to take a plea for peace As an affront and the heated Exchange that May ensue would make it harder to pre serve the neutrality which is the deepest desire for the overwhelm London sept. 27. Minister Neville Chamberlain will address the British nation tonight As the great Powers seek a out of diplomatic impasse in the czechoslovak crisis. Preparations for War took precedence Over despairing efforts to preserve peace and Europe was moving toward a general War As Chamberlain announced that he would broadcast an address from the Cabinet room of no. 10 Downing Street his official residence at 8 2 pin. The prime minister s decision was understood to mean that he took the gravest View of the impasse and Felt that he could not wait until tomorrow Wien he to make a full dress speech at the opening of the extraordinary session of parliament. Only a Little while before the announcement that Chamberlain would speak air Force men began to mount anti aircraft guns in Central London. London sept. 27. Up combined strength of great Britain France and soviet Russia was pooled today against any attempt by Chancellor Hitler of Germany to overrun Little Czechoslovakia. While Hitler was telling his people that his. Demands in regard to the sudeten territories of Czechoslovakia must be met by saturday the most strongly worded note Europe has read since 1914 was issued Here. The note told Chancellor Hitler in particular and the world in general if in. Spite of All efforts made by the British prime minister a German attack is made upon Czechoslovakia the immediate result will be that France will be hound to come to her assistance and great Britain and Russia will certainly stand by prune minister Chamberlain quickly followed the speech and the note with a new declaration of his readiness to do All possible for peace. He issued a statement after Midnight declaring Britain was prepared to ensure execution of the Anglo French plan for cession of the sudeten areas in Czechoslovakia and to see that Czechoslovakia s Promise to carry out the plan was executed with All reasonable the note was prepared by the inner Chamberlain sir John Simon Chancellor of the exchequer Viscount Halifax for eign Secretary and sir Samuel Hoare Home a result further news and views of crisis on pages 4, 5, 6 and 1. Of sir Horace Wilson s reception by Hitler at Berlin. Sir Horace flew there monday with a personal communication from or. Chamber lain to Hitler which had the approval of the French government Hitler spurns peace offer it was reported in usually Well informed quarters that Hitler re buffed sir Horace and spurned his peace offer which was based on acceleration of. The original Anglo French plan for cession of the sudetenland to the. Reich. The result was the issuing of an Iron hand standing firm czechs willing to accept Hitler s original demands Prague sept. 27. Up havas French Czecho slovak government monday night affirmed its readiness to stand by its acceptance of Chancellor Hitler s original Berchtesgaden demands but objected to the latest German memorandum which it claimed went far beyond the earlier proposals. Apparently resolved to Clear up outstanding disputes with nations other than the govern ment replied to Poland s minority demands with a note understood to comprise acceptance of the War saw views As a basis for discussion. Beuter s news Agency quoted a trustworthy London source speak ing on the basis of official information from Prague As declaring president Benes had expressed to president Ignace. Mosciski of Poland his desire to terminate the polish czechoslovak dispute even at the Price of territorial revision stirs Hope the Campaign to dispel the quarrel with Poland observers said helped to alleviate fears of a pos sible polish invasion and stirred Hope that Hungary s minority maids also would be settled in peaceful negotiations. Advices from Budapest Sala hungarian leaders were believe envisaging a new solution of Hungary s minority claims on View position no worse Paris believes Paris sept re action in French government circles monday night was. Only that Chan cellar Hitler had said nothing to make the present european Situa Tion worse at the moment scant Hope was seen however in the German insistence on the terms of his Godesberg memorandum As his last word to Czechoslovakia. Semi official sources interpreted the address Ai being a Public Decla ration that if Czechoslovakia did not accept his terms which great Britain France and Czechoslovakia ing mass of the american a Helm already have rejected he re sort to Force try oct. 1. Flat rejection London sept. 27. The government published today a note from Czechoslovakia presented sunday in which the czechoslovak government rejected Adolf Hitler s demands As absolutely and a condition of the fact that both Rumania Ana Yugoslavia were reported ready. To Render military. Aid to Czechoslovakia in the event of conflict with Hungary Prague s virtual rejection of the German memorandum was Broad cast in the form of a communique Over the state radio stations. The weather sunday 6.30 To monday 6.30 At 6.30 52 maximum. 76 minimum 52 barometer. Win d at 10 Miles per hour humidity sky fair. Monday 6.30 To 6.38 At 6.30 ., 61 maximum 69 minimum 55 barometer. 30.01 Hiorth wind at 12 Miles per hour humidity sky Clear. My a 70 44 69 52 is Dawson Aavik Simpson it. Smith p. Rupert. Victoria Mima 32 54 30 46 40 70. 54 52. 58 52 70 50 66 48 72 50 72 50 72 42 76 34 70 _ 44 73 Leth bridal 44 76 Jasper Edmonton. Banff Cai eary 42 48 Regina Brandon Winnipeg. Kenora 51 65 p. Arthur 48 j. 70 Moosonee 36, Cocbrane 52, 70 Hunts file. 34 74 p sound London Toronto Kineston Ottawa Montreal 44 74 33 76 44 74 50 68 36. 70 Mcd. Hat s. Current. Battleford 44 a. Albert. 44 Saskatoon Moose jaw a 48 72 Quebec. St. John Halifax. "4 68 42 61 40 58 46 62 c Lott Etown. 40 5j Chicago St Paul 60 81 do 82 Foke Casis winds mostly Taur and warm probably scattered Lowers in North portion. And warm. And quite warm. Many to West winds partly Cloudy and Cool fal Lowed by israe temperature and proo ably showers at note which amounted to a virtual ultimatum. Hitler s fateful impassioned words and. The finality of the Lon Don note seemed to indicate that if the Reichs fuehrer meant what he said and did not Back Down in the next few Days there will be a War in which great Britain will stand alongside France and Russia. And War May come oct 1, perhaps earlier. The note and or. Chamberlain s statement climaxed a Day of Many sided activity and caused a tremendous stir in Diplo Matic circles. Britain went on a modified War basis due to a series of precautions Ary orders by the War office and the air ministry. It was stressed they did not constitute mobilization but it was estimated to men were called to the colors by military orders related solely to defence. Officers and men of anti aircraft and coastal defence batteries of the army were called out. Regular Royal air Force men on leave were recalled and observers corps called up with the full personnel of combat and balloon squadrons of the auxiliary air Force. In Brief form Are some of the other major developments of the Day 1. Parliament was summoned for tomorrow for an emergency session. 2. The King summoned the privy Council into session at Buckingham Palace last night a step usually re served for when a position of great est importance is to be approved. 3. The King announced the inter National situation was too acute for him to attend the launching of the liner Queen Elizabeth at Glasgow today. The Queen will perform the launching. 4. General Gamelin France s philosopher Soldier conferred with British defence chiefs particularly crisis continued on Page 10, column 1 Cabinet called Ottawa sept. 27. Up Dominion Cabinet has been called to meet tuesday morning to con Sider latest developments in the International situation it was announced from prime minister Mac Kenzie King s office monday night it was action of. The prime minister in calling his col leagues together in the Forenoon is to give an Opportunity for Early consideration of developments in the european crisis. Of Hope seen by Grant Dexter London sept 27. Special Cable the consensus off opinion in informed circles Mon Day night was that Hitler s speech slammed shut the door to peace cause he failed to withdraw his ultimatum there were two Pas sages which conceivably opened the Way for renewed negotiations. The Manchester guardian in. Its leading editorial today will stress the absence of change in the Aims of the ultimatum thus making War more1 certain. But there is sympathy for the Bluff Birmingham Busi Ness Man who has wrestled Hitler on two and monday night for the first time heard amidst the German Leader s shout Ings the declaration that he had always conceded the principle of guarantee and also would accept control during a plebiscite by the British legion. Neither statement is Clear but in some quarters monday night it was thought possible Chamberlain would ask Hitler what he meant. Reports that Daladier had qualified France s pledge to czechs by it to. Czecho Slovakia proper cannot be corroborated Here. On the contrary it is Learned unofficially but from reliable sources the pledge which will bind France and great Britain alike is to help the czechs if Ger Many seeks solution to the problem by Force. Britain prepares for War London. Sept. 27. Bup air Force men started mounting anti aircraft guns in Central London to Day As great Britain put War preparations plans on a 24-hour a Day basis. The velvet lawns of Parks were scarred by the gashes of air raid shelter trenches. Gas masks were distributed throughout the City. Preparations were made for instant raising of the balloon Barrier that is to protect London at night against enemy. Air planes out on the East coast air Force Crews manned the. Sensitive instruments which would Tell them Well in Advance of the approach of an enemy raiding Squadron. Royal air Force planes were on the line at dozens of military air domes and Crews All leaves can celeb awaited the word to go. Munitions and air plane factories stepped up the already rapid Pace of their emergency production pro gramme. In Trafalgar Square the Centre of London a silent crowd watched As soldiers in War kit carried ammunition boxes into Canada House head quarters of the Canadian govern ment. Parliament which meets Tomor Row was ready to pass a Bill re Quiring All men and women to Register for possible War service. The next step would be conscription. It was understood that authorities already Hadi drafted for possible passage a sweeping defence of the realm act m order to give authorities Powers to enforce measures such As nation wide blackouts As a precaution against air raids and the All embracing food regulation plans. 1914 in vain France on Fuh War basis 27. I conditions prevailed in France Mon Day night hot quite 20 years after the end of War that Laid waste to much i their country frenchmen again saw swelling ranks of March Oft to the frontiers. Civilians began leaving the Capi Tal the ministry of Public works. The United s1 embassy advised All american citizens to return borne if Able to do so. Government ministers myed constantly by their posts ready Lor an emergencies. Premier edouard Daladier Back from conf eng at London with Heads Oft the British government called the Cabinet to meet this morning at the Palace with president Albert Lebrun presiding. Should the situation grow overnight another formal mobilization order was expected today to build up the Force under already swelled past ;