Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - April 29, 1944, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade of religion Equality of civil rights or. Bracken on the. Line to Bracken has made Many speeches and countless Points 16 months of his leadership of the conservative but his replies to the questions posed to him by Maclean s Hay be regarded As definitive. A summary of these j presented elsewhere on this Page. Here is or. Bracken what he and his party propose to do Asil and when 1 to off ice. The result is interesting. The con announced its own re birth. It has sought and i agrarian Leader who accepted the Job Only on a that the party change its name by the addition of the published we mpg free press company. Limited. Street Winnipeg. Manitoba Victor Sefton publisher. George v. Ferguson. Executive editor. Grant Dexter associate editor. By de Hutchison associate editor. Winnipeg saturday april 29, 1944 politics the word and soundest movement of protest this coun jus Ever known. It sprang up on the Prairies and it was that the greatest strength always Lay. It gradually died karate movement and party but Only because its influence Liberal party was so great and lasting that a very of its programme was adopted by or. King and Uji ported in Liberal policies. That was Many years ago since then Liberal policy has undergone further Evolur a sweeping kind carrying with it the end oration of a of the electorate on two important occasions. But the compliment the party has received conies to and the tories. Faced with the necessity Joti Asence the new conservative Leader produces a plat in every important regardless even the liberals have been right or by Jujj Pjetr cent. Imitation. Aft Rall the discontent voiced about the Inadequacy of or. Ifft policies after the resounding speeches and promises or Bracken s Brave new world which was to usher in so it an improvement of the lot of the common Man and his alter All the Travail and birth pangs of a new. Order tire get by violent and almost disruptive Effort or. Bracken images to bring himself up to the level reached by or. King use years ago now. And As or. King and his government steadily Forward toward new policies More perfectly Ujj Itable changing circumstances of tomorrow and the Java after we can now be sure that All we will Ever get out of a .1" i Twat not i i n . T. I Bracken is a gaped him. the dynamic of Progress has i a Chad however enough life left in him to induce the real cais Ergative party to accept what was and is to that old a most revolutionary platform filled with horrors no nameless which they have spent their lives fighting. In particle by Blair Eraser which accompanies the Maclean s 4his fear finds open expression i talked to one venerable conservative out of the Battle now and Franker than most. There la be no split in the Progress live conservative he said. Not before an election anyway so we Aren t going to Challenge anything Bracken says. When he gets into Power and sets about doing the things is says hell do Well have to do what we can to keep from going this is a just appraisal of the position. The traditional the prohibitive protectionists the encourages of Mono and promoters of cartels the railway amalgam tors and imperialists Are hungry for Power and they Are ask feg no questions just now. What they want is the votes and Hind when the traditionally tory seats return to their Trade i Jonal tory allegiance traditional tory policies will reassert in themselves policies which Down the years have spelled racial ism and economic nationalism and a narrowness of internal Outlook which particularly now is burdened with pos or. Bracken wittingly or unwittingly is shuffling into the role which or. Coldwey of the . Has played with such Assurance and distinction he is being All things to All Mer it anyone in the Camp shows signs of indiscipline or. Coldwell is on the Job just As my. Bracken was on the Job As soon As for instance lord Halifax made his famous speech in Toronto last january. Those who rebel against the party line of the moment Are whipped Back into place. If there Are those who refuse to rejoin the ranks quickly and go on making trouble or. Harold Winch is of course the prize cold veil is on the Job explaining that Plain words no longer have Plain waiting for rain the unpredictability of the weather still leaves a Little Hope for Good Rains that will ensure something like Normal crops. But the Odds Are. The other Way. It looks As if tie West May pay this year for the amazing bumper crop two years ago. Many Farmers Are playing Safe by. Planting More wheat and less coarse grains than they previously intended. Wheat is a better dry weather crop. It is also a More profitable crop and fortunately the announcement has just been made that there will be consider ably less trouble in marketing this year s Grain. This will be the re sult of the More Active outward movement of the wheat surplus. The whole of coun try is very dry except the peace River and the Cardston and York ton districts. After travelling by air from Lethbridge to Winnipeg a member of the staff of the Leth Bridge Herall tells of the evidence of Lack of moisture. Thousands of dry sloughs can be noted from the he says. "Only.in. A did. There appear to be anything approaching the Normal Spring run off. The farm lands Are being cultivated but it would appear that though seeding weather has been Ideal work on the land is being delayed. It looks As if the wheat Farmers Are waiting for rain. As for the grass crop it is still wearing its Winter Brown appearance. There is very Little Green with the Prospect of a Short Rop the Farmers have been varned to make sure of enough Vinter feed for their livestock Ince the livestock population in he Prairie provinces is now the greatest in their history. The line must be drawn in. A recent speech or. Oliver Lyttelton British minister of pro action Laid Down a principle which should guide not Only Britain but All countries which in end to retain private Enterprise and personal that private Enterprise was not an end n itself and was not always a suitable mechanism for managing some industries such As natural monopolies a principle already Videly recognized in Canada in Many of our great Public utilities. But said or. Lyttelton if it is agreed that the state should not operate Industry in a certain Field then this Field should be left in irely to private Enterprise with a minimum of interference. He would leave the whole Field where risk has been run to Pri vate Enterprise allowing that private Enterprise having run the risk to reap the this meaning and that his unruly Follower is really a faithful Well meaning Chap whose party line is identical with that of his Boss. Or. Bracken of course has been More than or Coldwey. The . Leader is committed to a series of Blunt planks which in the main Are Clear in their intent. Or. Bracken his better than to commit himself thus. He leaves himself Bop holes which up to now have provided enough ventilation of permit the More outraged of his f followers to breathe with relative Freedom. These too permit him to present the semblance of a United front the part of the successful Barker at the circus whose eulogies of the show within Are so Oldom justified by what goes on inside the tent. They justify the confident prediction of the old guard that there will k no split in the tory party not before an election any future of the . In its efforts to raise labor stand to throughout the world and to Kico Urage social Security Meas Les the International labor or Amza Uon has justified its forma Tion 25 years ago and it will undoubtedly be continued As an of the organization which fee United nations will set up for maintenance of peace. The r its scope will be broadened pc what extent remains to be teen ined. The question has been raised at the International labor conference now being held at nil Adelphia. Because of the close relation Sheea standards of living and economic relations Between a report from the inter labor office suggested the labor organization should k interested in economic rela on to tie extent of scrutinizing economic and Finan policies. But this was opposed or. Paul Martin speaking foie Canadian government and he Izvestia the government Organ it wants the . To be dissociated from the league of nations and made an organization o the United nations. And it pro poses that the labor represent the . Should be doubled and that of the govern ments reduced by half. Thus each country would Send two labor delegates and one each for Industry and for the government. There will be no trouble Abou the first demand. Russia will in Sist on the replacement of the league of nations by a new world organization for the maintenance of peace and president Iloo Sevel is said to favor this. The main principles of the league will b Atio i Fon that since new a International co opera being developed the should appoint a Corn study How the labor action could Best fit into the picture. _ Russia s participation in co operation is be desired it should be of the . It would taking the Commonwealth relations Cranborne s View a by Grant Dexter s the Secretary of state for but with one exception the dominions the speeches of lord Cranborne in the House of lords Over the past few years in debates on Commonwealth re lations Are of special significance. Lord Cranborne As the responsible minister spoke for the government of the United King Dom. He spoke As Well out intimate knowledge in this Field. These speeches Are Worth re calling for two reasons 1. The existing machinery of consultation is described in great detail. The organic changes in the present Structure of the common wealth which would be required if centralization is to be achieved arc set Down clearly. With respect to the second Point it will be recalled that lord Hali fax and other advocates of centralization although not lord inclined to Drift off into formless generalities when Thuiy come to the Point of saying precisely what changes in the Commonwealth they believe Neces sary. In contrast with them lord Cranborne is Gratifying by Lucid. The machinery of consultation has often been described in the Canadian parliament by or. King. But there is an advantage in give guarantee to private Enterprise is Inge the Point of View of lord essential if it is to survive at All and the fact that the . In Canada refuses to give any such guarantee is a Clear evidence of its determination to crush out private Enterprise altogether. Unless private Enterprise knows that it can exist for a Long time in the future and unless it has some Chance of profit it will col lapse. No capital will be invested in it. Plants will be closed and workers Idle. The . Refuses such assurances but on the contrary says. It will take Over any Industry at any time at its own Price whenever its Over All socialist plan requires this step. In other words having first socialized the chief industries at one swoop it will then gobble up the remaining industries at Leisure imagining that in the meantime these industries will continue to function and provide employment. Of course they will not. Assured of ultimate destruction and regimentation they will be unable to function meanwhile will be unable to secure capital from any investor. A society in which the government operates some industries and leaves others a Reedy to private Industry is conceivable and undoubtedly is evolving in Britain and Here. A society where the government operates some industries and insists on private Enterprise operating others at a loss and in constant danger of expropriation is not conceivable and will not occur. Either the state must take Over everything and employ everyone or it must draw Cranborne. Not Only is his competence in this regard unrivalled but he supplies what has been rather noticeably missing hitherto British viewpoint. It Musl sometimes seem to the people of this country As if the present sys tem was being maintained at the insistence of the dominions and that the people of the United kingdom desired some form of centralization. Lord Cranborne it will be observed is just Asen Thusia Stic about the present machinery As or. King. Al following passage is taken from lord Cranborne s speech in the of lords on july 21, 19il2. There have been later speeches but none As detailed. Lord Cranborne had been Point ing out that it was desirable that the children of the motherland should grow up and become self supporting. He went on successful operation of this Conception of puts a Greal responsibility on the Mother coun try herself. She has got tour eco that her family Are growing up and that is always a very difficult thing for any parents to do with regard to any children they always tend to try to keep they l Lave not done so. On the contrary., they have thrown All. Their ener ies and resources into the struggle in a Way which constitutes a com plete justification i think of the policy adopted in the statute of Westminster. I suppose there is no one who knows More than i do. Of what he dominions have done and i do feel is a thrilling thought hat men and women should have come As the people of the do minions have done from tie very ends of the Earth to fight for the principles in which they believe. If however that Happy Situa Tion is to of course the constitutional relation ship May is essential that we should have a very close collaboration in the future and if possible an even closer collaboration than in tie okd Cranborne went on to describe the present system there Are three main channels of communication. There Are first of All the United kingdom High commissioners in the do minions who maintain the very closest Contact with the Dominion prime ministers and governments. Secondly there Are the Dominion High commissioners in the United kingdom who perform the same functions in this country and their task is now greatly facilitated by the daily meetings which they have with the dominions Secretary in the dominions office. This enables them to keep in con Stant touch with the events of the Day and with the deliberations and decisions of the War Cabi net. I do not pretend and i sup pose no one would pretend that the task of securing an identical foreign policy for the whole Brit ish Commonwealth is an easy one. It is a very difficult one indeed when we consider that the Dif Ferent members of the common wealth Are faced with rather different conditions apart from anything else. Clearly however it is most desirable to attain it so far As and that is the value of the machinery of Consul tation which has been built up very largely since the War and which is being further developed. I do not think that even now or. Bracken is quizzed hat machinery 5s entirely water ight but i see no other Way apart from consultation by which unanimity May. Be sought and no other Way at any rate which is consistent with the Complete in dependence decision which now exists in the British common lord Cranborne concluded his description by saying that there was. A third method of consultation communication Between prime ministers. There were too frequent visits both ways by ministers. And the latest develop ment was to create Liaison machinery at the. Lower groups of officials representative of All parts of the Commonwealth. Lord Cranborne concluded As follows the Empire is. Coming to a period when Unity will be absolutely essential for it if it is to survive and it seems to me that we want to make our Mutual it is a Mutual coat of mail composed of innumerable links Strong and Subtle affection sentiment Mutual interest and so on both in our Public life and in our private life. The Machin Ery which has been set up Dur ing this War i think does Mark an important stage in creating this coat of mail and i Hope very much that that machinery will be developed after the War. In conclusion i would just say this. I do Hope that other nations will make no mistake about the present position. The British Empire is not dead it is not dying it is not even going into a decline. So far As it is suffering pains or has suffered pains i believe them to have been growing pains and if those pains Are properly treated As i am quite confident they will be i feel that the British common wealth will emerge from our present trials stronger Wiser and More United than it has Ever been before in our Long in a later article lord Cran borne s views with respect to centralization As a Means of attaining Unity of policy will be Given. Maclean s Magazine has performed a useful Public service in submitting to or. John of the progressive a list of questions designed to elucidate his Public policies. In condensation any comment what Ever or Bracken s statement to Maclean s is As follows he. Believes that Canada can Only Prosper with a Large external it. Cannot by internal Means alone maintain its Standard of living if other. Nations Trade with but to the extent that International and Domestic measures fail to provide jobs for All the government itself through Public works and must absorb All the Idle workers. Pri vate Enterprise can create full ploy ment Only with the co opera Tion of the state. Private enter prise must be guaranteed fair treatment by the state. Co opera Ive Enterprise must be expanded As the chief bulwark against socialism on one Side and private monopoly on the other. Govern nent Enterprise also will probably government controls Over Industry must be maintained Only to the degree necessary to prevent anti social monopolies and unproductive speculation. Bracken is for fair wages in relation to the Cost of living and farm prices which would give Farmers a living Standard equal to that of other classes performing a service of equal value. He is opposed to a ceiling on farm prices since excessive prices quickly Cor rect themselves after creating desired production of scarce commodities. He would create a floor Price by Law if natural forces did not establish it. If in maintain ing a floor the government had to buy up farm products or. Bracken would store those that were durable against a Day of scar City seek to find Industrial uses for them lease lend some of them if necessary or distribute them to poor people below Cost. He would increase tie demand for farm products by raising the con Luming Power of the Public. is for compulsory collective bargaining and the Extension of Federal jurisdiction Over Abor and social legislation. The Dominion should have the Neces Ary authority to make agreements with other nations with a View to establishing Basic International matters under the jurisdiction he provinces. The Dominion is establish a labor and therefore unable to National policy. As col. Frank Knox few canadians knew col. Frank Knox personally. He was Seldom in this country. He came to few years ago and spoke for one of our War Loans Over a National network and he gave the impression then of great vigor and sincerity. It was the impression he also gave radio listeners when he Rah As Alf Lan Don s running mate on the Republican ticket in the 1936 presiden tial election. But he did not in their children on leading strings press the casual listener then As incorporated in the new body. Theja Clear line behind which private two conditions according w despatch to the free on wednesday quoting second demand Means a Complete change in the representation in the ., which will not be accepted so readily. The settlement of this question might be affected by the future plans for the . If it is to become a More important body with a greater influence for human welfare and with some Power to act As Well As to change approved by Sia might in without insist ing upon the larger representation for Imbor. Whether or not the . Is Given any authority to Deal with economic relations its interest and influence in that Field would be All on the right Side. The . Could be expected to give Strong support to the farsighted economic policies of the United. Nations to which they Are now gradually working. Enterprise will be assured the Chance to function. Birthdays g. K. Stead Ashcroft . Born Eccles. Eng., april 29, 1875. Or. Murdoch Mackay Transcona Man. Born Boula Darle n.s., april 30. 1884. Elchard Bat boo Jones Winnipeg born near , county Kings. Ire., april 30. 1867. Too Long. Such a course leads Fin ally to friction and alienation of the child. Indeed the child May in a number of cases away entirely from the family though the passage of time nearly always softens and even wines away bitterness in later life. In great Britain have had salutary experiences of this kind. Do not wish to go into these experiences but they May have been almost Worth while if they have taught us an essential and in valuable lesson. I think that they Leive that we have taken advantage of it and that it has Ever since been our aim to make the links Between ourselves and the daughter nations not rigid and in tolerable but As flexible As pos today s scripture hide not thy face far from me put not thy servant away in anger thou Hast been my help leave me not neither forsake me o god of my salvation. Psalm 9. Firemen killed Hamilton Spectator casualties among firemen in great Britain have been High in this War 890 of these heroes have lost their lives during the course of duty a toll which shows that the fighting fronts develop wherever the bombs fall. The furthest stage which has been reached is the statute of Westminster. That statute recognizes the dominions As self governing nations and As arbiters being very much Moi e than a stand Pat far As foreigners can judge the political issues of another country. But his listeners when they got that were wrong. Col. Knox had a Streak of something else in , something so important that looking Back at it the whole free world can be thankful. I t was Early in july 1940, that president Roosevelt surprised everyone by announcing suddenly the appointment of two republicans to key positions in his administration. One. Of them was or. Henry l. Stimson who be came Secretary for War. The other was col. Knox whom he appoint gramme of National defence was being fought in Congress. It is not. Impossible that the readiness of or. Stimson and col. enter the Roosevelt administration was the Factor which swung the balance in favor of a full steam ahead programme of american. Defence. Without the presence of those two men whose characters and motives were self Ess and above it might Well have been that somewhere in the two houses of Congress or is committees obstructionism at Points would have prevailed. But or. Stimson and col. Knox were daily visible reminders and guarantors that there were cer Ain aspects of american. Politics that stood High above party. They were paired patriots prepared for the Sake of America to overturn party tradition and go to the Aid of a president whose major Domestic policies they heartily hated. Their names deserve High Honor by All the allies of the United states today. Of their own Fate. It is our Public de Secretary for the Navy. Every recognition of their maturity. It one remembers that 1940 was an is a very far reaching document. It seemed to me at the i think we should All believe it so to and Wise. So far from the links Between our selves and the dominions h living become looser they have grown closer. They have stood the Strain of two of the greatest in history. From either of these wars from the second of Toliese wars undoubtedly the do minions could constitutionally have stood aside had they wished election year in the United states. Everyone knew How bitterly the big men of the Republican party resented the new Deal and the idea of a Roosevelt third term. Everyone knew what difficulties this meant for the president in carrying on a foreign policy which was detested by the isolationist Wing of the nation. Everyone knew also that even the big pro of. A Knox was also an Able r Newspaperman. He was publisher of the Chicago daily news a violently Republican Organ bitterly opposed to the new Deal and All its works. But the Chicago daily news under col. Knox and his predecessor had built up one of the great foreign news services in the world. Its Quality is known to free press readers for it appears daily in our columns and the names of its Cor respondents Stowe Stoneman. Kirkpatrick Weller Ghali Anc others Are very familiar to us. These correspondents Back Over the years had been predicting Abor standards. Our Constitution places labor capital have organized on a Large scale both nationally and inter nationally or. Bracken strongly favors a National labor policy could be established either by Dominion provincial agreement 01 by vesting jurisdiction in the do minion. At present the Only feasible plan or. Bracken asserts is instituting a uniform labor so Cial Security system by securing Dominion provincial agreement. Dealing with Export Trade in detail or. Bracken says it is obvious that the Day of forcing our Way into world markets or dictating to tie world in general on a unilateral basis is one. Instead International plans must be created to create Purchas ing Power among the under privileged millions of Europe and Asia. If Canada is to sell its pro ducts abroad it must accept pay ment in foreign goods. He says he flavors the lowering of Tariff barriers quotas under certain Condi ions and bilateral Trade agree ments Between nations whenever hey negotiated to our advantage without prejudicing s More desirable the Opportunity o write multilateral. Agreements among groups of As for Tariff Protection or. Bracken objects to it in principle 3ut recognizes that it is so firmly established in the Economy of the world that it cannot be removed overnight. Canada s policy Musl based on practical conditions and personally i favor both world peace and jobs for Cana in protected industries he would seek a. Double purpose the continued employment of Cana Dian workers and reduced prices o Canadian Consumers and one approach would be Al rationalize Ion of Industry Between Canada and the United states As urged in a study by the. Universities of a Manitoba and Minnesota. Certain government subsidies to Industry should be abolished. Others like hat paid to the Coal Industry should remain. Whether the Imperial preference system should continue or not must be deter mined on the basis of world conditions after the War. Or. Bracken favors a world organization to maintain peace in which Canada must have an Jal voice with other nations. He does not think that the world organization can be advanced by any weakening of British Commonwealth ties but rather by closer Canadian collaboration with Commonwealth nations and the Extension of that co operation to other nations As rapidly As pos sible. Canada should work generously with the Commonwealth but retain the right to make her own decisions. Better methods of consultation Between British nations should be developed As the present methods Are inadequate but he opposes any movement to wards centralization of the Commonwealth. All conferences should be advisory Only their Dev visions never binding unless approved by the parliaments of tie individual nations. Canada s position in the Mon wealth should be that of an adult in a family. She should co operate generously but retain the right to make her own decisions. She is bound however to the other members of the family by ties which hold together any household that is Loyal to worthy traditions and looks Back with Pride to a Good heritage. Canada s attitude should be one of willing and cheerful co operation with other parts of the British Commonwealth freely associating with them and seeking every possible Means to further tie Trade and peace and Progress of the world but wholly autonomous in her re lations with Canada should not be commit Ted in Advance to fight in defence of any part of the Commonwealth. Parliament must decide in the Light of actual conditions when War occurs whether Canada should participate to defend any part of he Commonwealth. The British lations should generally reach Ommon policies by consultation but they should not be required o accept majority decisions sex ept on the approval of their Par laments and they should not be enied consultation with other or. Bracken favors some immigration after the War but in no substantial vol ume until All canadians have jobs. Canada should not join tie pan american Union if that would prejudice her place in the British Commonwealth. Canada should maintain adequate fighting forces but should not establish compel Lory military training. In connection with the railways and air transport or. Bracken avers Competition Between government and privately owned lines. In realizes however that the Field or trans Canadian aviation May lot be Large enough to support competitive lines but in the a Ince of Competition a High degree of efficiency is not so Likely to be maintained. I am opposed to the amalgam Ion of the railways. I am opposed of the huge monopoly the National nation of the . Would create. Competition with some control by lie state such As tie transport soard can be made to give would ensure efficiency on the part of the state owned competitor and prevent exploitation by the privately owned or. Bracken insists that a re adjustment of responsibilities and taxing Powers Between the do minion and the provinces is essential so that the confederation made sore spots will not be perpetuated to the needless harm of National some provinces through the development of our Economy have Revenue sources larger than their need. Others have larger obligations than their Revenue sources can adequately meet. The result is a great inequality in the Public service canadians in different parts of Canada receive. A mutually satisfactory. Way must be found to adjust these matters so that substantial Justice for All canadians May be achieved. With deadly accuracy just whal was going to happen in both. Europe and the far East and it is a Safe bet that col. Knox not Only knew that they were right but was encouraging them to go on fear Lessly telling the american Public what it ought to know. On this ground alone his memory is entitled to respect. When it is added to his achievements As Secretary for the Navy his stature rises still for Ance benefits re a Miry allowances says that such social Security Rui As Neil ill Jui sur them. Pensions and or. Air Ackein we cannot do wit nuut lie emphasized however Lylial they Only relieved and did not cure the Basic social ills. Our Lisl task to remove the evils which state Aid is designed to Miti Gate to develop standards of Hygiene nutrition employment wages and prices which will raise the heal i and income of uie nation. A reasonable Standard of Educa Ion should be assured to every child. To Annie Sci this lie favored Maricial Tais dance by the a cumin 1011 for provinces which could not Alford to meet me costs. Canada should Nave Power to Amend its own Constitution but should not ask for this Power wit ii out the consent every province. Amendment of the Constitution should then be effected by Diller ent methods depending on the character of the amendment i or example amendments affecting minority rights should have con sent of All provinces. General amendments affecting provinces should have tie approval of two Hicls of the provinces and 55 per Ceril of tie population. Or. Bracken favors abolishing privy Council appeals but makes no filial statement pending Furt Iier consideration. He favors wide so Cial Security legislation and fed eral contribution to education costs. He advocates Harmony be. Ween the French and other races n Canada. Canada should have to own Flag if and when the majority of canadians so or. Bracken would form a government if invited and if he led he largest minority group in Par Iam enl. If the . Had the Argest group he refuses to say whether lie Voula Combine with the Libei als. He Hopes to secure a majority of but if heals will decide what to do in the Light of the existing from the Golden books Firwood by Joni Clare the fir Trees taper into twigs and Wear the Rich Blue Green of summer All the year softening the roughest tempest almost Calm and offering shelter Ever still and warm to the smallest path that towels underneath where loudest As summer s scarce fan the Weed that lingers Green below when others out of doors Are lost in Frost and Snow. And Sweet the music trembles on the ear As the wind Suthers through each tiny Spear makeshift for leaves and yet so Rich they show. Winter is almost summer where they grow ;