Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - May 2, 1947, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights. Winnipeg free press Winnipeg Friday May 2, 1947 the struggle for Power the Security Council debate on the United states intervention in Greece and Turkey has done nothing to heal the breach Between the two great zones of world Power Russia and the Western it has revealed More strikingly than and previous event the importance which All the great states attach to the Good opinion the United nations As the conscience of the world. After its first unfortunate approach to the greek turkish problem the United states moved quickly to place its policy of intervention under the ultimate control of the United nations. In his evident haste to Shore up Greece and Turkey against outside pressure president Truman proposed intervention with out placing it in any Way under United nations supervision. The protest which met his original message to the Congress the feeling in the Congress and the country that the United nations was being by passed and ignored immediately modified or. Truman s plan. With his obvious approval the Congress re solved that the United states should abandon its intervention re the United nations so decided and that the United states should exercise no veto Over this decision. Never before had a Grea state thus placed its foreign policy in Advance under the authority of an International body. The reaction of Russia to this programme was Swift and significant. Or. Gromyko denounced not Only or. Truman s original announcement but the modification inserted in it by the Congress. He called the policy a Mark of scorn vis a vis the United nations and said it undermines the United nations authority. Moreover by allowing the United nations to repeal the policy or. Gromyko said the United states appeared to be pre judging the United nations decision. No nation he said has the right to decide How the United nations can thus the debate found both the world s most powerful states seeking to Clear their policies with the United nations to avoid any statement which seemed to conflict with the Ideal of International authority. A unhappily statements and actions do not always Corres Pond. In actual fact the United states acted in the Middle East outside the United nations simply because it knew that its policy of intervention there would be vetoed by Russia in the Security Council. And Russia for its part has continually frustrated the work of the Security Council by the reckless use of the veto in ways never intended by the charter. After this record there is indeed a rather Fine irony in Russia s protests against abuse of the United nations and still More in its pleas for the Independence of Small nations like Greece after its own domination of so Many other weak states. The Stark fact lying behind Amhe United nations debates All too obvious. The world is presently engaged in a naked Competition of Power Between the communist and non communist blocs. As the struggle has deepened so has the deterioration of International morals. Neither contestant has escaped this process. On the one Side Russia has continued its penetration where the going was Good. On the other Side the United states inseparable Anib i say frankly that True Way Loova followed me about has Beem not Only sinister. But Evem experience it will be recalled that he stoutest free trader of them All was none other that it. Hon. R. B. Bennett and his Devotion to pure Cobden ism was never More marked than when he was hoisting the Canadian Tariff to Levels never reached before or since. Or. Ben Nett s idea was that free Trade is he ultimate goal but since the world would not agree at one swoop to remove All Tariff barriers then the Wise and practical course was to boost the Tariff against that Gladsome future time when free Trade would become the Rule. All this is merely to say that in regard to tariffs and Trade As in other Public and private mat ters care must be taken to Bor Row a phrase not to permit the perfect to obstruct the Good. The nations at Geneva Are not dealing in Blacks and Whites. The Only alternative to the prevailing condition is not free Trade. Rather it is the achievement of As great a reduction in Trade barriers As is now possible. The question is not whether free Trade can be agreed to now. The test is whether the conference results in a general reduction of Trade barriers and As a result a substantial increase in the volume Trade. The common sense in this will be appreciated most clearly if the position of Britain is examined. Britain requires an increase of 75 per cent in its pre War exports to attain even a reasonable level of Prosperity. By no Means can this goal be reached if the total volume of world Trade remains at its pres ent level As sir Stafford Cripps has clearly indicated. Britain s main exports Are in manufactured goods. Before the War its Export of manufactures amounted to 20 per cent of All such exports throughout the world. Against the Competition of new industries in other nations Britain could not Hope to increase this proportion to 35 per cent and thus Roach its target. It can sufficiently increase the movies and the radio. Its own exports Only if the total the needs society Are not being of All world exports increases. Even printed and published the Winnipeg free press company i jetted 300 Cantor Street. Winnipeg. Manitoba. Authorized As second Kaaa matter by the Post office department. Ottawa. Victor s1fton, Grant Dexter publisher. Executive vim lord Bruce Hutchison general manager associate editor. At the Assembly of the United nations Arab criticism by m. F. The state of the press so comprehensive a report As this will cause journalists to Ponder their own responsibilities for it is one of the Central agencies of the democratic process. He first comprehensive report Al on the state of the United states press written by a group of distinguished investigators puts its final finding in these words when we look at the press As a whole we must conclude that it is not meeting the needs of the press in this context includes has Felt compelled to support nations regardless of the fact that they May be ruled by reactionary and corrupt governments for purely strategic purposes. It has virtually annexed the japanese mandate islands under United nations approval it is True but Only after threatening to keep this territory whether the United nations agreed or not. All this is the inevitable consequence of the great struggle for Power. 1-ut morale Buffer thereby where does the chief responsibility it lies with the party which begins the struggle and forces others to enter it for their Protection. And this struggle was started by Russia. The West Ern Powers entered it unwillingly and almost too late to prevent Russia from establishing itself in a position to threaten the future safety of the democracies. The Western Powers were left so fat behind in the opening rounds of the contest that they have Only begun to catch up now. Their purpose has been to redress the balance of Power to create an equal bargaining position in which it would be possible to negotiate with Russia on even terms. Whether that equilibrium has been reached is by no Means Clear yet. At first sight the real policies of the great states seem still to be framed and executed outside the United nations. But a parallel process is under Way. More and More the great states feel compelled to make their policies respectable in the eyes of the United nations. Lip service has broadened into actual obedience. Perhaps the most hopeful fact of the times is that three great states the United states Britain and France have heeded the will of the United nations and waived their Powei of veto there in the Case of the greek turkish intervention Anc in the British and French retirement from Lebanon and Syria Russia is the Only great state which refuses any dilution of its veto and insists on untrammelled Liberty to act unilaterally vet or. Gromyko s speeches however ironic and purely tactics they May be show that Russia constantly seeks the Good opinion the United nations for itself. The world finds itself swept along in a race Between the ancient principle of sheer Powch and the new principle of International authority. So far Power politics is far in Advance having a head Start of several thousand years. But considering this Handicap the new principle of International a probably made As great programs Ince the Waas we had an right to expect. At this rate there is reason to Hope that it will have established itself As the dominant Force in the world before the old struggle for National Power produces the old result o War in a new and fatal form. A smaller proportion of total exports than 20 per cent will serve Britain satisfactorily if the total world Trade is Large enough. The practical problem is 10 make the pie so Large that the segment enjoyed by each nation is adequate for its needs. The pie is not Likely to be Large enough today or to Morrow but it can continually grow and there is no limit to its ultimate size met. According to Kie commis Sion on Freedom of the press for several reasons. Among others the press is beyond the reach of Many people who wish to express their views the few who Are Able to use the press Are not the a boost for h utter ites the question of Hutt Erite hold Point and have been treated Liki the recantation of or. Lindbergh or. Charles Lindbergh who As the most violent of United tales isolationists at begin ing of the recent War and then tired into useful War work has merged again a changed Man. There he was All for Thi United states staying out of Europe be Ore now he is All for it staying it would be disastrous for says to continue wavering Jack and Forth Between intervene Ion and withdrawal. We made our decision when we entered the Var. Our Honor demands our Security depends on carrying through what we have started. We must Helf a to rebuild Western civilization. We must re establish and protect the ideals to believe n. This will require our extend ing financial assistance. It May re quire the use of military Force. But no necessary Cost is too High for the accomplishment of these with or. Lindbergh s recantation it May be said that the United state 1 reconversion from isolationism is now fairly com plete. Service needed in a democracy the newspapers play up unimportant news merely because it interests their readers at the expense of news More vital to society bul apparently less interest ing in too Many cities there is Only one newspaper a monopoly of news distribution. Ojetter than most As against this indictment the commission places the fact tha the United states press is Les venal and less subservient to poli tical and economic pressure than the press of Many other countries the Besl United states newspaper have achieved an excellence unsurpassed anywhere. But the new is often twisted by the emphasis on first Ness on the novel and sensational by the personal interests of owners and by pressure groups toe often the result is mean ingless flatness distortion and the perpetuation of misunderstanding among widely scattered this report relates to the United states press alone but in general t probably is intended to apply to the press As an institution every where. The first thing to be said about the commission s findings is that they also can be applied to All the other institutions of the state. No Public institution is adequately meeting the needs of society. The plainest fact in the present state of the world is that men s institutions have All lagged behind Man s physical inventions. It is this time lag Between Man s environment and his collective Means of con trolling it that has become the chief threat to civilization. If the press like other institutions has not yet caught up with Man s needs yet in. Its coverage of events and in ils interpretation of them the press has made extra Ordinary strides. Any Reader who doubts that need Only look Back at the files of any newspaper for this Day Twenty five years ago or even ten years ago. The newspapers published for example during the first world War would have appeared totally inadequate and crude in the second world War. But the press is in the same difficulty As other institutions Politi Cal economic and it has moved Forward Man s need of information and understanding has increased still More rapidly. To to is Safe to assume that it the Al commission had reported on the press of Canada it would have reached much the same findings. If so its findings in some respects would be right in others wrong. It is True of the Canadian press that it lags like other institutions behind society s needs. But it can be said less of the Canadian press than the press of most countries who thinks the Arab league is the obedient instrument of Brit ish foreign policy must be very sur prised at the turn of events at this Assembly. The five Arab states Are Dill United in their criticism of British policy in Palestine. This criticism is a Strong current Over the Middle East. Britain s request for a special i Assembly to consider the Palestine problem was opposed by the Arab states who found themselves in i an outvoted minority in this attitude. Since the Assembly met Arab leaders have objected to Bri Tain s request for a United nations committee to report on the future government of Palestine. They proposed instead that the political Independence of Palestine shall be proclaimed. T in rejection of this proposal has not ended Arab criticism. Syria s attack the sharpest attack on Britain came from Syria. The syrian Dele Gate said the United kingdom could do one of three things. It could offer Independence to pales Tine. It could submit a trustee ship agreement for the holy land to the United nations. It could give up the mandate. But Britain chose another course. She turned to the United nations for guidance and asked for yet another commit that it distorts or suppresses the one simple example will Illus trate the fact that the Canadian newspapers print news and views conflicting directly with their own opinions and sometimes dangerous to their actual existence the Mcgill s new Chancellor Mcgill University Progress at Geneva by f. B. W. Mellowed by the throughout an honoured guest. J have often marvelled at the skill and Industry of the women. Yet they its history has been distinguished by the ability and the Eminence its chancellors among whom May be numbered men As lord Strathcona sir Robert Bor Den and sir Edward Beatty. Now Ings in this province emphasizes happier than of us. With just another example the so Here is wishing them years of fact that in spite of increased Prosperity in this great country cultural advantages and ours for they surely deserve Tion too indulge in it unfounded prejudice against what is different from them. In this vein they Are unable to judge individuals for themselves but needs must dismiss them with the resounding and empty generality. The wrong kind of perfectionism the Geneva conference says the London Spectator is not a fully satisfactory method of expanding even after a tragic War to end them ii is heartening to quote excerpts from a letter received a few Days ago from mrs. William Laplaunt of Minnedosa. Manitoba the Hutte rites Are a grand lot of people and none knows How much Good they have done for individuals around their Community. Chosen to fill this Post of High Honor is chief Justice Orvill s. Tyndale outstanding Jurist and academician who for nearly forty years has found among his Many Public duties the time to teach Young men and women enrolled in Law at Mcgill. His wide experience and his world Trade. The Spectator Here is not so much disparaging the proceedings at Geneva As pointing up the limitations under which the negotiations go Forward. Cable despatches from Geneva speak delegations being present repro a setting various groups in the Dif a Ferent countries interested in Taining tariffs. Most of them Are wealth of knowledge will be especially valuable to that univer sity at this time when the influx of veterans and the unprecedented increase in the student body have created Many problems. Today s scripture Eye abide in me and my words abide in you be shall ask what be will and it shall be done unto you. John i remember when they broke professing ardent support of free our land for us. Boarded them-1 fade but All of them Are busily selves brought us watermelons cucumbers and potatoes when we found it impossible to get anyone to do that for us. I have been at their Colony the one at Poplar engaged in arguing the a Wisdom of half measures. In circumstances of this kind the All or nothing boys Are invariably the most extreme protectionists. In our own birthdays Stephen Benson Neepawa Man., born Ontario May 2, 1862. George Smith Winnipeg born Birmingham eng., May 2, 1879. G. R. Mclean was Kada Man. Born Boston mass., May 2, 1863. Vat Spring Sunshine and cradled in the Comfort of Swiss efficiency the preparatory committee of the International Trade organization plunged deep in the intricacies of Tariff negotiations. Nearly one Hundred separate meetings Are in Progress with the Small Canadian delegation tack Ling simultaneously the big three on the Canadian list. There Are not Only the three with whom Canada is doing business but be tween United states France and Belgium Luxembourg comes in As part of the belgian Cus Toms they represent the Crux of the Case As far As Canada is concerned. Even Here the United states is in a class by itself. It is estimated that no less than fifty meetings ill be required before anything near a settlement can be arrived at Between Canada and the United states. These Are not ordinal meet Ings however. Under the procedure adopted by the committee negotiations have been put on a Pilate rail basis. Each nation is dealing directly with the other. Thus in the Case of Canada and the United states lists have been exchanged setting Down the con each country is. Willing to make and expects to receive. Here the work begins. Thous ands of items Are involved. The Tariff Structure of any modern nation is a vast administrative Jungle inside which few but the most expert Are at Home. Furthermore in dealing with one country each delegation must re member others with which it has yet to bargain at tiie next stage in the negotiations various National teams will begin bargaining. The preliminary lists Are hardly Likely to be agreeable to anyone and there will be bargains and counter bar gains struck until a Point has been reached at which both sides profess themselves satisfied. It is too Early to predict How he going. It can be said however that despite the enormous complexity of the task Progress is being made. There is still a Long Way to go however and at this stage the final out come is still a Hope rather than a Promise. Even the action the French government in boosting Tariff rates just before negotiations be an has done Little More than cause a Ripple of irritation in the somewhat Serene and sunny atmosphere under the agreed Calendar the discussion of the draft chapter is scheduled to begin around May 15. This does not mean that tar c.c.f., opposed by most news papers probably gets More space in their news columns than any other party. The speeches of or. Tim Buck and other communists Are generally reported according to their news value. The United states press follows the same Pat Tern and it is interesting to note that when a commission files a report indicting the press this re port is published in the news papers which Are accused of sup pressing what they do not like. Measures proposed the commission proposes several measures for the improvement of the press. It asks the United states government to facilitate new Ven Tures in the communications Indus try and to enforce anti Trust Laws against press monopolies. It1 Cates legislation by which persons lib eled in the press could Securi a retraction or a Chance to reply to charges. It proposes that the government inform t he Public o its policies through Media of it kind of government owner information service which As i have in Canada during Thi War can easily be turned into e party propaganda machine oper ated at Public expense. Perhaps the most interesting recommendation is the repeal of legis lation which prevents United state citizens from advocating revolution by violence. Unless there were Clear and present danger tha such advocacy will Lead to violence the commission would permit doctrine which it is unlikely the United states people will accept. The commission asks the press itself to accept a higher sense of Public responsibility to finance tee to Survey the problem of pales the foreign minister for Irac argued that great Britain had no ight to Issue the Balfour Declara Ion in 1917 since it violated the principles of self determination and prevented the Arab majority in Alestine from exercising its demo Zatic right to govern itself As it a fit. Each year the anniversary of the Balfour declaration a marked by strikes and protest throughout the Arab world. I would never be reconciled either to he declaration or to the mandate because both these document spoke of a jewish Home in pales jews. The history the Arah world showed jew and Arab had lived in Amity for Many Cen Turies. It is impossible for an Arab to be anti semitic since he is a semite himself. Arabs Are Friendly to Judaism. They Are opposed Only to zionism. The organized influx of jews into Palestine under the pressure of zionism is raising pensions not Only in the holy land it is disturbing relations Between news and arabs in All countries f the Middle East. Syria then threw tha ugly Ladow of jewish across United nations. It said that terrorism had produced violence in ales line. Ii May yet. Disturb the each of larger areas of the world. The disabilities suffered by the zionist movement from the Active ies of the terrorist minority never vere exposed More dramatically Han while the syrian Delegate funded away on this theme. The Arab states walled action Low. Refugees were at the Gates Palestine. Why does not the est of the world Stop talking to much about its love for the jews ind its sympathy for their suffer no and admit a few More jews to heir own countries the arabs after All had not persecuted the tews in Europe. It was the Chris Ian countries that had done so. Palestine had already accepted More jewish refugees than the further the mandate violate article Twenty two of the league covenant which promised ultimate Independence and self government to All the Arab Peoples former subject to turkish Rule. The Arab of Palestine Are As cultured an As ready for self government a Are the arabs of Iraq or Lebano or any other Arab country. We should they alone be an exception in the Arab world the Arab spokesmen All Denie of the world combined. On this mingled note of taunt and impeachment the Arab Case closed. Confirmed the charge to the amazement of Many delegates the jewish Agency countered with a statement denying that jews enjoyed either Justice or Security in Arab countries. It cited numerous instances in recent years of persecution at the hands of these Arab populations. In Short it confirmed the Arab charge that conditions Between jew and Arab in the mid la East had deteriorated since the Advent of zionism. The Assembly is in no mood to listen to any zionist argument which claims that the feelings of arabs can be ignored or that a settlement can and should be imposed on the arabs of the Palestine problem n is basically caused by a conflict Litween rights. No Side has a monopoly of right. Unless the zionist cause is presented with this Genius for states Manship it will meet serious difficulties Here. New experiments in journalism to engage in vigorous crib Fira a it self to increase the of its staffs. Finally the commission proposes the creation of better centres of study for the training of journalists and the creation of a new and Independent Agency to report annually upon the perform Ance of the press. One solution for the ills of the press which is popular with some reformers the commission dismisses with this finding government ownership government control or government action to break up the greater agencies of mass communication might cure the ills of free Dom of the press but Only at the risk of killing the Freedom in the admittedly the report is no Complete. The investigators do no appear to have gone very deeply Avo. Whistling swans visit farming areas flooded Fields May be disastrous to Farmers but the old saying about an ill wind is True even in this Case. Whistling swans Are particularly fond of such Fields not Only As resting places but As feeding grounds As they Are eminently water Birds and feed in shallow lakes by reaching Down for vegetable delicacies with their Long necks Delta Man., is one of the great gathering places for these Majestic Juds but the Rev. Robert Harvey Reston Man., writes that hundreds of swans possibly a thous and or More have been camped since about red april near pipe Stone on the flooded stubble Field of Jack Nicholson. The land has neen covered with water from the Over flowing pipes Ora or. Harvey and family managed to get within 200 Yards of a. Group of about 25 one evening they were Busy feeding and every now and again their Long White necks would Home up and be elevated into the air. At last they too c alarm and slowly and majestically Rose and flew to the main flock about half a mile away. On april 23, Harry Wood Winnipeg saw flocks of 100 and 250 whistling swans near Poplar Point and on the same evening w. A. Cartwright Winnipeg a flock of about 50 in the same area. On the 27th, Harold Mossop St. Vital heard a Large flock of swans migrating overhead towards the North. They were extremely noisy. Horned larks Early testers in a Long newsy letter mrs. D. A. Robertson Basswood Man., writes we heard the horned weather conditions on several occasions the thermometer had been As Low As 10 degrees and on most nights was 18 to above Zero. One wonders How such a tiny creature can not Only protect the eggs from the night air but also generate enough warmth to offset the cold which must penetrate from the Frozen Earth. What i wonder is the record Early Date for a horned Lark s our earliest Manitoba record on file is april 7, 1937, 3 eggs St. James m. Migration picking up slowly thirty new arrivals had been reported up to april 28, making 37 to Date against 109 for the corresponding period last Spring when we had the warmest april for 21 years. On y new arrivals car Bogh to foot Crane. Aug Iff negotiations will be completed by that Date. They will continue but at a less urgent Pace since some of the delegations m attend Ance Here have not sufficient personnel to do both jobs. The time will have to be divided. Quite naturally a heavy curtain of secrecy has descended on the present Deube rations. Nothing could be More fatal to the Success of conference than a steady leakage of detailed information with its resultant pressure on delegates fro i whatever special interests were affected. Or widely into the actual work of the press and Many of their facts and conclusions already have been attacked. But since the press is Onn of the Central agencies of the democratic process since demo Cracy must live on ideas conveyed through various Public Media a report of this sort whether sound or not is bound to be useful. It will cause journalists to Ponder their own work and responsibilities. Perhaps it May even stimulate the Public to demand a differ ent k and of press which the Public can at any time if it changes its tastes. Lark for the first time on february 28. One pair undaunted by the weather built their nest in our cultivated Hay Field and on april 17 had three eggs. I was very pleased when our son found it the Bird flew up almost under Nis feet As for two years i Hac been sure they nested there. The nest was a Beautiful Little gras Bali path Jiuu wed. Teal evil on snipe 28th Brewer Black Bird 25th Savanna Sparrow Vesper Sparrow 24th Cowbird 22nd Chestnut col. Longspur 21st. Willits. Fer Rug rough leg Gadwell 24th Phoebe 23rd s. Criddle. Sandhill Crane 22nd t. Criddie tree Bank Man. Barn Swallow 28th born part Gull 27th Bald ate Brown creeper Orange or. Warbler 26th v. B. Latta Winnipeg. Hermit , Ruby or. Kinglet Fox Sparrow 20th r. Tidmus Winni of purple Martin 21st t. A Howard and g. Griffin Winnipeg. Franklin Gull Phoebe Foj Sparrow it. Blue Heron purple Finch 20th Bufflehead 16th bronzed crackle White fronted Goose 15th l. K. Sowls Delta Man. Bald ate Hing neck Duck 27. Hgt. Scalp Black Duck 26th it. A. E. Allin. Song Sparrow 23rd w. .1. Thompson. Brown creeper 22nd mrs. R. H. Beckett fort William ont. Watn. Meadow Lark 24th Junco 7th Bluebird 3rd judge l. T. u. A cd Twitt to 11t if l. 1 cup completely sunk into the Melfort sask and was about 100 Yards from the i March 28 Fox Sparrow House. But alas on april 18 and 19 2l c. Tillmus East re had six inches of driving Snow and after it began to melt i found the nest badly flattened by the weight of the Snow and of course deserted. The eggs were intact and on examination were found to be about half incubated. It seems incredible that such Small Birds can maintain enough heat to incubate eggs Buntjer such St. Paul. Natural history society the annual dinner will be held in the Marlborough hotel on monday May 5, commencing at 6.15 . There will be an Art exhibit and coloured still and motion pictures. H. Mossop will give a further selection of his imitations of Bird songs ;