Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - August 05, 1949, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights printed and published Idle Winnipeg free press company. Limited 309-Garlton Street Winnipeg Manitoba. Authorized As second class matter by the Post Oatice. Department Ottawa. Victor Seton Grant publisher. Editor. We. Bruce Hutchison general manager. Associate editor. Winnipeg Friday August 5, 1949 the next stage the last few weeks have finally exposed the dimensions of the so called Dollar problem the shortage of dollars overseas being Only the financial reflection of a grave in balance in the movement of goods. The facts As revealed by men like sir Stafford Cripps Are extremely grave but not entirely unexpected. The schedules of the Marshall plan Elid not presume that Europe s Trade with the Dollar nations would be in balance now or even in 1952. The really Dis quieting fact is not that unbalance still exists but that it is getting worse instead of better. The governments of the free world therefore Are obliged to re assess the whole situation which it is now apparent was greatly underestimated when the Marshall plan was framed and afterwards. Europe is not facing As it seemed the end of the War some temporary break Down its Trade As a result of War damage but the culmination of a Long process which has been in movement at least since the end of the first world War and probably longer. In Short Europe centred around the Economy of Britain has been falling behind in Trade with the More productive economies of the new orld was actually living to some extent on its capital before the recent War and now is near the end of its reserves. For such a deep malady the palliative of the Marshall plan generous As it is cannot effect a cure. Something much larger will be required. This has been suspected by the United states government for some time though in the practical politics of the con Gress the government understandably enough was glad to appropriations of the Marshall plan without endangering its passage by suggesting that greater measures would be needed later on. But. By the first part of this year president Truman began to toward a More comprehensive solution. The president broke this new ground in a message to the Congress which contained what is called his Point four. When his proposal was advanced in pretty vague form it was Little noted in the Rush of other events. But it can be seen now that or. Truman was groping for one of the major decisions of world history. He proposes in fact that the immense exportable capital of his capital of goods technical knowledge and Industrial invested throughout the world to increase its production and raise its of living Over a Long period. The president knew when he advanced Point four that Marshall plan would soon end that the world Economy at would still be unbalanced and that the flow of United states taxpayers dollars abroad must be replaced by some other form of foreign investment. In the last few months the president s worst fears have been confirmed. Point four therefore has ceased to be an academic aspiration and has become in one form or another an essential step to prevent a world debacle a few years hence. Or. Truman s plan Calls upon private investment to re place the present movement of taxpayers Money out of the United states into Europe and other overseas areas. He is thus asking the United in this Century to fulfil the role of Britain in the nineteenth when British capital flowed throughout the world opened up native resources and built great nations which like the dominions and India were Given Complete Freedom in the modern Commonwealth. A similar but greater Opportunity awaits the capital of the United because this capital is larger than Britain Ever owned because the capacity to produce wealth in the United states has never been known before and be cause the United states has developed the techniques of the machine age to an unequalled pitch. The capacity of the United states is matched by the present need of the world. It can use for the general Good All the capital that the United states can Supply. The United states in turn requires new outlet for its Industrial energies. About these facts there is no dispute. The problem is to attract United states capital into foreign lands. Since the capital is available the task is to assure conditions in foreign which will induce the owners of this capital to risk it there. As or. Truman says the United states has no wish to dominate any other state or to develop it alone. The United states in his View should Only lend the capital and the skills which other Peoples can use to build up their own economies according to their own desires. The first step if Point four is to the guarantee by foreign nations that United states capital will be Given not guarantees of profits for the investor must take this but guarantees of fair treatment Freedom from discrimination and expropriation the right to Transfer profits if any. Back to the United states or elsewhere. No guarantees will be sufficient and the whole project must fail unless the United states is prepared to reverse the economic habits of a Hundred years and import foreign goods and services on a scale never known before. Only by this Means will it Ever be possible for overseas nations to earn by direct and indirect Trade the dollars necessary for their Prosperity. Under the Best of circumstances such a balance will take a Long time to achieve. For years and possibly for dec Ades the United states May Export in current goods and in capital far More than it imports simply because it has the necessary goods and capital. In the end however if the in Terest on the exported capital is to be paid and the Loans liquidated the United states must import More than it exports. Costly Soo top perhaps you were never introduced to a said the mock Turtle to Alice you can have no idea what a lobster quadrille most people Are on the same Fence As far As the Quad Rille is concerned but in these Days of excellent Refrigeri , Safe Canning and fast air service a lot More canadians As Well As for eign customers have been introduced to that celebrated and plutocratic sea delicacy the Atlantic lobster boiled canned or As lob stering has been a thriving Industry Down new Brunswick Way for instance where the tasty crustacean has led the Field in fish eries Revenue in recent years. The figures for a. Typical year show the lobster brought new Brunswick followed by sardines herring cod with All the rest of the hard shelled or finny tid bits smelts alewives clams Salmon considerably in rear. But now lobster men Down there Are apparently beginning to won Der How Long their Premium mar Ket will hold up and like Many other producers with this on their minds Are becoming advertising conscious. According to a recent item in one of the new Bruns Wick papers they Are worried too about the fact that the Beady eyed heavily clawed lobster does t lend itself very Well to glamorous advertising. However there is one sure Way of stepping up the lobster s a peal. Shave its Price a Little no or. Macgibbon the announcement on thurs Day that or. D. A. Macgibbon will retire from the Board of Grain commissioners on August 15 Marks the close of one phase of a notable career that has touched the life of Canada at Many Points. His service on the Board for the past 20 years is too Well known to need any emphasis now. It will be remembered for its continuously High Quality in Western Canada. Friends of or. Macgibbon have always known what a difficult decision it was for him to leave University life he has always been a teacher at heart and assume the administrative duties connected with the work of the Board of Grain commissioners. Western Canada has reason to be grateful for his decision but Many will feel that it is wholly appropriate that he should return to academic life now As guest lecturer at two great Eastern universities. Students at the University of Toronto and Mcmaster University in Hamilton will be privileged next year to hear or. Macgibbon in a series of lectures on the history of communist doctrines and the soviet Experiment a subject of which he has made an exacting study. His lectures on economics years ago made him a legend at the University of Al Berta and belong to the prize memories of the Golden age of that institution. It is to be hoped that his matured reflection on communism will be published and thus made available to a larger audience. Or. Macgibbon s Pioneer work on the freight rate problem and on the Grain Trade will give him an enduring place in Canadian scholarship. Coming to Winnipeg rather late in his career and shy and retiring in his Way of life or. Macgibbon never sought to play a noisy or conspicuous part in Community affairs. His Quality was Best appreciated in personal Contact by those who were admitted to intimacy with his pre Cise and far ranging mind. An evening with him in his Library had one of the Best libraries in Canada on economic invariably left memories Worth cherishing. He will carry the Good wishes of everyone who knows him into his years of creative retirement. Armed to Hie criticisms in Congress matter How Many potential epicurus there May be scattered across the country not a few of these will restrain their gastronomic passion on finding a very Small tin of lobster Selling at. 74 cents and live lobster at 98c per Pound Shell and All. Slave labor the soviet Union can defend it self easily against the British charge that there Are ten million slave labourers in Russia provided it is innocent of these All it has to do is to agree to the appointment of a commission As suggested at the economic and social Council of 1he United nations give it full Access to he facts and let the True Story be told to the world. If the charges Are nothing but wicked ies As the soviet insists Why should it not Welcome such an investigation conducted by the United nations of which it is a Reading member the British delegation at the economic and social Council of the United nations now meeting at Geneva has produced what it considers documentary proof that a Large percentage of the ten million russian nationals now doing slave labor Are not criminals but political prisoners who have dared to dissent from the communist regime. In addition to these soviet citizens who Are Hus imprisoned and used As slave there Are also said to be several million nun russians and refugees who Are exposed to the same brutal treatment if these charges Are a monstrous invention of political malice it Russia fight propaganda with the weapons of truth. Let her Ift the Iron curtain and allow the world to see what is happen ing in her labor Camps and what Lappens to those who disagree in even the Mildest Way with Stalin s tyranny. Until she does so there will be grounds for be Lieving that Russia has much to hide from the candid inquiry of the world. From the Golden books the Blessing of letters by Samuel Daniel o blessed letters that com Bine in one All Ages past and make one live with All by you we do conferred with who Are gone and the dead living unto Councell Call by you the unborn shall have communion of what we feel and what doth us befall. Soule of the world knowl Edge without thee what hath the Earth that truly glorious is Why should our Pride make such a stir to be to be forgot what Good is like to this to do worthy the writing and to write worthy the Reading and the worlds Delight reports from Washington Point to a new development in Congress s debate on the arms programme for Western Europe. President Truman and Secretary of state Acheson Are said to be to modify their proposals n View of criticism from con and the growing difficulty of getting their plans approved n their original form. Four criticisms have combined o produce this attitude there is first the continued resentment of the Republican Par y at certain phases of the arms programme. Although the North Atlantic pact was approved by the Senate by a vote of 82-13, Here has been More stubborn opposition to the arms programme without which the pact is strip Ped of much of its value. Not a single Republican senator has been ready to join senator con Nally chairman of the foreign relations committee in pledging Ull support to the adm Nistra Ion s policies. Many republicans in the contrary have said they vill vote against the arms Bill unless it is modified. Senator Vandenberg and Sena or Dulles the two leading re publican spokesmen on foreign affairs continue to be critical. Co operation Between republicans and democrats which has been such an outstanding feature if american foreign policy is n danger of breaking Down completely on this Issue. To prevent this from happening. Secretary 4cheson, in particular is reported the arms debate by m. F. To be willing to meet Congress half Way in an Effort to work out an acceptable Compromise. The next criticism is directed at the bargain prices at which some of the used military equip ment will be sold to Western Europe. The state department has admitted that it is planning to sell arms which Cost. Million originally for s77 million to the signatories of the North pact in Western Europe. Senators Vandenberg and Dulles want an Assurance that this Fig ure of million will be an absolute limit and that no additional guns tanks and planes will be sold at reduced prices by administrative order As the pro gramme is put into operation. Discretionary Powers the third criticism is aimed at president Truman s discretionary Powers under the Bill. It is said that the Bill permits or. Tru Man to Send arms on his own executive authority to any coun try whose help or Independence he considers essential to the safety of the United states. It is charged that the president As a result of this Power May be Able to commit the military forces of the country in bringing Aid to unspecified nations which have not even signed the North Atlan tic pact. Secretary Acheson has described these fears As being based on a misconception of what the master s hand from the Manchester guardian words six Sig p natures on Legal documents and a by me prefacing one of hem Are All that we have in Shakespeare s own hand. But in 1940 a copy of the 1550 edition of Lall s chronicles an authority Shakespeare almost certainly used n the writing of his English his ories was found adorned or disfigured with elizabethan Anno actions which some have daringly asserted t o be possibly his. A Little Book just published or. Moray Mclaren s by throws Down the Gage again in this controversy. The three strongest Points for the Shakespeare theory Are that the Cycle of the four main historical to parts of Henry a rid Henry a exactly fits the portions of the chronicle which the unknown has annotated that there is against the description of the Soldier from whom shake Peare made Bardolph the crude drawing of a Man with a huge nose and that the Book belonged at one time to sir Rychard new Ort Cousin of a Warwickshire. Newport from whose son the poet purchased new place or if it s another sir Rychard to the father of an intellectual Daugh Ter who married into the family of today s scripture the lord is Good unto them that wait for him to the soul that seek eth him. Shakespeare s Patron. Lord p e m broke. As in All Shakespeare controversy the plausible Points that can be dragged in Are numerous but the arguments Are often tenuous and Many of the verbal analogies drawn from the plays extremely frail. The writing of the notes for in stance is emphatically not that of the authentic signatures. But these were of a later Date who knows that age or whim might h a a e made Shakespeare alter his hand in the afternoon and wholly to substantiate the theory that the Book was shake speares one _ has to accept that he was at one time As one leg end says a schoolmaster and that he was a lapsed but still Loy Al roman Catholic the unknown annotator s reaction to the anti Catholic Bias of Hall yields one of the pleasantest notes writ ten at the Side of a passage of anti papal invective the author if he did write it wrote it in the it is strange and ominous the championing of the vol ume has so far been left to amateurs and laymen. Perhaps scholars Are daunted by the idea of some words some doodling and a drawing in Shakespeare s o w n hand. But All the same it is quite an amusing Field for the detective instinct even does not matter much. And happily it leaves no room for Bacon the arms Bill implies. He has promised to explain strategy of the chiefs of staff in some detail in secret session to the House foreign relations committee and to the Senate foreign relations committee and the armed services committee which i Are jointly examining the project. Perhaps this statement will Lessen the criticism. But there is no sign of any weakening As yet in the position of the republicans on this Point and several important democratic senators Are opposed also. Arms be reduced the fourth criticism first put Forward by senator Taft and now expressed generally is that the arms programme should be reduced until Western Europe has Given greater proof of its willing Ness and capacity to defend itself. To this criticism Secretary Acheson has made a two fold reply. He describes the current arms programme As emergency Aid to end by june 1950, by which time the coordinated military machinery As envisaged in the pact is expected to be in exis tence and the full weight of european co operation can be Felt. The purpose of this emergency Aid is to strengthen Western Europe in the critical months ahead while soviet Power re Mains Paramount in Europe. His second Point is that the . Contribution is Only one fifth of the current military budgets of Western Europe on defence. Failure to Grant this help will mean that Western Europe will have to divert Money from economic recovery to Mili tary expenditures or else there will have to be a Gap in its de Fence plans that cannot be made Ood. Either course would injure the Unity and strength of the free world. Conduct is puzzling senator Vandenberg s conduct n particular is puzzling. He Al. Ways said that the North Atlantic pact imposed an obligation on the United states to do every thing that was necessary to protect Western Europe from a ression or to punish aggression once it took place. Yet at the first test the arms programme which is designed to give the pact some practical meaning be backs away from this Obliga Tion and lends his great prestige to those who Are blocking action. It should be clearly understood that while president Truman and Secretary Acheson have indicated that they will not insist on every comma and detail in the original they will oppose All com promises that seek to reduce the arms programme to a practical nullity. The importance of this stand cannot be stressed too strongly. The psychological Shock to Western Europe if the administration is forced to Retreat from these principles under con Gressional pressure would pro Duce a legacy of political bitter Ness in Europe which it would take Many years to remove. New poultry plan the licensed Hen by c. A a. 0 Ottawa if the Canadian federation agriculture has its Way in future All the Little Chicks hens and roosters in Canada will be registered and counted. So would the hens eggs. Their owners would be registered too under rigid control. No unauthorized Householder could legally maintain a Hen Coop in his Back Yard without a Chicken and egg License just As he must now have a License to own a radio. Unlicensed Hen and egg bootleggers would be subject to severe punish ment. To obtain such a License for a moderate fee of course to pay the numerous administrators the licensed poultry Raiser would have to abide by rules fixing established prices. His sales of chickens and eggs in the Domestic inter provincial and Export Trade would be strictly supervised and controlled. Selling eggs to the town grocer without a License would be a crime. Up the path Hon j. G. Gardiner minister of agriculture perhaps inadvertently led Canada into this when he pushed through the amended Agri cultural products marketing act. The Federal act authorizes prov inces to set up provincial boards to control production distribution vision that manufacture and Sale of Ole Margarine in Canada is not federally illegal. Pressure on provincial Legislatures is having its i feet As in Quebec where Oleo mar Garine is banned and in Ontario and Manitoba when it. Has been deprived of color until its appear Ance resembles lard. It is quite Likely that even if the Canadian. Federation of agriculture fails in its Appeal to the privy Council to overturn the Canadian supreme court decision it May still find its most effective weapons against of Eom Argarine in the provincial Legislatures. That is because farm re presentation in the Legislatures far outweighs towns and cities. Buying butter meant Rise the Federal govern ment has been buying up butter at a support Price non competitive with Ole Margarine. It now has accumulated 42 million pounds up to 58 cents a Pound at a total Cost to the taxpayers of the total May reach 60 million pounds in september. The government Hopes to sell it yet at a profit perhaps some for Export. In 1948, the Canadian taxpayers supported the Price of apples potatoes Honey and powdered milk. About millions was put into that Effort. Whether apples and potatoes will get such sup and prices of farm products this year is still Undener ___3man pro. Ref annl is millions of Domestic inter provincial and Export markets. Or. Gardiner proffered the act As an alternative to mined. But about 51% millions of Honey and powdered milk remains unsold on which the government the taxpayers millions. The Canadian wheat Board taking j Hopes still to realize another Mil control of Oats and Barley. Now Hon making the net 1948 Cost to the Canadian federation of Agri culture has got both weapons of record Price Levels control Over Canadian eating. R at a nation wide conference of Canadian federation of Agri culture delegates in Ottawa representing poultry producers they re commended that the provinces set ii such marketing boards to stabilize poultry production. Such boards would License All Poul try and egg producers and establish prices for the products. But they further demanded that the Federal government also provide support prices for chickens and eggs based on production costs and the floor prices for feed grains. The Canadian federation of agriculture has. Made1 a fairly successful fight discourage the Sale of-., Ole Margarine in can Ada despite the supreme court de meantime chickens and eggs reached record Price Levels in can Ada. Eggs sold up to 30 cents a dozen in Ottawa. A buyers strike brought the Price tumbling in. Montreal Down by 7 to 8 cents. Perhaps that was responsible for the Canadian federation of Agri culture poultry producers demand for provincial government Board Price regulation and Federal sup port prices for chickens and eggs. They said they wore disturbed with the possibility of a serious set Back in Market prices in the near future that they were equally disturbed Over the High Price of eggs .what1 was needed was stability of prices to avoid fluctuations of extreme High and no. Fledglings die in Bird houses. One of. The biggest disappoint rents a Bir Lover can experience is to. Have the summer guests in his Bird boxes come to an untimely end. With the arrival of the migrants in Spring the family eagerly watches for a male to take Possession of a Bird House and then wishes him Success in enticing a lady to share his selected Home and territory. Like a Good advertising Man the proud tenant sings his Best stanzas and chortle the advantages of his House Over those of his rivals and generally he succeeds in gaining a mate if not from amongst the experienced mat on then from the ranks of the hopefuls of the previous year. If there Are two nesting boxes on the male s territory his lady flits from one to the other examining the layout of each until she makes up her mind which to accept but if neither appeals to her she moves on without the least compunction. Yes House Hunting in Birdland is As fascinating to the landlord As to he tenants. A Bir Lover always feels sure his Birds come Back to the same Box year after year. It is a pleasant thought but the. Fact remains that he life expectancy of Small Birds is very Short and few last beyond to or three nesting seasons this feeling of Long acquaintanceship leads one to feel he guests Are part of the family and one naturally wishes them Well in their annual adventure in Daby raising. A popular House four years ago h. G. Britton 1022 Strathcona Street Winnipeg erected a 20-compartment purple Martin House in his Garden and a number of pairs of Martins immediately took Possession of selected compartments and duly brought Forth their broods. The comings and goings of the cheery Birds were a matter of everyday interest and or. Britton derived much pleasure in watching the Arious activities of his feathered tenants. On july 28 he noticed one of the parents of a Brood of five Young Fly to the Entrance of its compartment with a Large dragon by in its Bill peek in. Fly away. As this was a break in the routine of feeding or. Britton bought that the Entrance might Lave been accidentally blocked or hat something had got into the Box and was frightening the Bird away so he opened up the compartment to look for the cause of the trouble. The Young were nearly fully fledged and about ready to leave the nest but All five were dead. In two other compartments were pairs with three Young each and on opening them or. Britton also found these Young dead. This is the first time their mar tins have come to grief states or. Britton and the loss of the Young has been a keen disappointment after the several months pleasure the Birds have Given the family. What asks or. Britton Likely killed the Young cold weather lice poisoned insects Young tree swallows succumb for Many years we have had two Bird boxes in our Garden plus a third in the garage. The latter is kept in Reserve for use when an extra determined pair of House sparrows insists thut cur Garden belongs to them and refuses to leave in spite of All our opposition. In All the years Only once has a pair of sparrows licked us and pre vented our friends the tree Swal lows from nesting in one or other of our boxes. This Spring a highly plumaged handsome cock House Sparrow made our Garden his territory in spite of the Entrance to the boxes being kept closed until our swallows arrived on May 3. From then until mid june he fought the swallows driving away we believe at least one male and two females. In this he was aided by cold weather which always Dampens the House making activities of the swallows but we re moved tie Sparrow nests As fast As they were started and succeeded in driving away one or More of his mates. In late May the arrogant spar Row met Hia match. A resplendent male tree Swallow dragged him out of the nesting Box and amid cheers from the gallery bore him Down to Earth by the feathers on his Scalp. On the 27th, the pair of swallows settled Down to the Seri Ous business of and we thought our troubles for these Ason were Over. But no the Cool Days of Early june halted the swallows activities and every morning from june 6 to 12, the desperate Hen Sparrow piled into the Box some straws and grasses and Laid an egg. With the loss of her seventh egg she gave up but in the meantime our swallows had disappeared. One legged female what we believe to be the third pair of tree swallows took pos session of the nesting Box on june 17. The male May have been the truculent one but his mate was a Brownish Bird of the previous year that had difficulty in entering the . At first we thought her feet were entangled Vith string but on catching her while in the Box we discovered that she had been born with but one leg there being no Trace of a second. Her first egg was Laid on june 22 and by the 25th, she had Laid four and commenced sitting. Beyond being pestered in the Early mornings by a starving cat the pair brooded and raised the Young in Normal fashion until july 23, when an almost fully fledged Young one appeared to keep continually at the Entrance to receive All the food which was brought Only by the male. A Young Ster hog the Entrance and prevent the Parent from at tending to the sanitation of uie nest until the evening of tha 27th, when the Box appeared empty. However on opening up the Box two of the Young were found half grown and pressed Down into the nesting material dead ;