Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - August 28, 1952, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights leg printed published by Wynn lots press company limited 300 Carlton Street win Nawf Manitoba. Authorized Al second class matter by the Post office department Ottawa. Victor Sifton r. S. Malone president so publisher vice pics Dent we. Lord general manner Grant Dexter editor Winnipeg thursday August 29, 1952 into deficits the budget of the United states government is the largest single Factor in the financial Structure of the world. Since it deeply affects the business of the world s richest and most powerful nation the budget is a primary Factor in the world Economy As Well. Thus any calculation of the prospects iqra inflation or deflation not Only in the United states but else where must take account of the amount of Money which the Washington Treasury is collecting and spending. In the fiscal year ending june 30 the final figures show that the . Government incurred in what is called its administrative budget a deficit of billions. It is commonly said there fore that the government by pumping More Money into circulation than it extracted in taxes greatly stimulated the forces of inflation now beginning to Rise again. But the administrative budget is misleading because it does not include the Money collected by the government to increase its social Security funds. What matters in an economic sense is the Cash budget the total volume of income and outgo. The new figures show that the Cash budget in the last year was virtually in bal Ance. In total the government took from the people As much Money As it spent though president Truman had expected a real deficit of 54 or 55 billions. By its huge expenditures which Means its demand for goods and services in Competition with the private consumer the state certainly exercised an inflationary effect on the econ omy but it avoided the added upward pressure of the deficit which the president feared. Conditions have drastically changed however with the opening of the present fiscal year for in it the volume of Federal expenditure will greatly increase without a corresponding increase in tax collections the . Govern ment is heading into a huge deficit probably amounting to or billions by june 30 next. A a this is indicated by the accelerating rate of military and related expenditures which were somewhat below estimates in Trie last year but Are now expanding As the armament Industry hits its full stride. Almost unbelievably these costs will pro Bably exceed billions in the first half of the current fiscal year while All other expenditures will be about half that figure. The meaning of these figures is Clear the full economic effect of the defence program though delayed longer than the . Government expected is now to be Felt in the diversions of materials and manpower from civilian to military use. This fact is further indicated by or. Truman annual econ Omic report in which he shows that the nation s Gross product in the first six months of 1952, Rose by 3 per cent., in 1951 prices Over the previous year s total yet production of Many consumer goods because More of the nation s Energy was going into armaments of All sorts. Under the Impact of increased military spending this trend May be More pronounced in the next year. But the inflationary results flowing from the state s de Mand for goods and services most of which the Public cannot use Are not easily predicted since other and incalculable factors will be in play. Just As the consumer s Rush to Market after the outbreak of the korean War produced a sudden inflation and a cessation of the buying spree halted the Price Rise last autumn so the Public s rising or falling can either increase or decrease inflationary pressures can exaggerate or counter balance the pressures generated by the state. At the moment the Public s demand for goods is rising somewhat after a six month Lull wages in Many industries have been rising and inevitably the Cost of living Index has been rising also. A mildly deflationary climate prevailing until Spring has become mildly inflationary with the approach of autumn. Things As usual have not turned out exactly As the United states government and its experts anticipated. The drastic inflationary Impact of the rearmament Boom expected last Wyinter did not occur mostly because the Public had reduced its Purchase of goods and saved its Money at a record rate. The predicted Treasury deficit failed to appear. Prices remained steady or dropped a Little. After this experience it is risky to take forecasts about the state of business and prices a year hence. Concerning it the economists Are in vigorous disagree ment while the president insists that the National Economy is both prosperous and stable and general Eisenhower that it is headed toward a new inflationary kit is certain however that the fiscal pressures of inflation stemming out of the Treasury Are now beginning a Sharp Rise As reflected in the deficit now accumulating the. Resulting government borrowings the increase in National debt and hence in the total Money Supply. It is also Clear that the direct Price control system invoked to cure the symptoms and not the causes of inflation has be come almost irrelevant to the present situation. Or. Truman bitterly condemns the in a recent statement for whittling Down the appropriations for his Price enforcement machinery while at the same time in the recent steel dispute the government itself virtually enforced a Rise in wages and ordered a Rise in steel prices which must raise the Cost of pro people can negotiate. It should be obvious that no amount of negotiation could have stopped Hitler. Negotiation has its place but it becomes impossible when the world is dealing with a Lawless state in the pre sence of bad Faith a temporary accommodation like Munich May perhaps be reached at the expense of the weak and of Prin Ciple. But it cannot last. For this reason the United nations was designed not merely to be a Jor us but to be a body armed with police Power to uphold world Law. It specifically sanctioned such regional agreements As the Atlantic treaty the purpose of which is not to degrade the j but to Rescue and restore ii., or. Tipping finally Falls Back on the old pacifist argument that the massing of explosive materials . Armaments is dangerous. Unfortunately unilateral disarm Ament magnifying the temptation to attack May be even More dangerous. Czech mobilization halted Hitler it was four Power negotiation that destroyed the re Public and led directly to War. Norway gave her Trust to negotiation and Goodwill Learned her lesson in War and occupation and today shares the Security of the North Atlantic pact. No conceivable policy offers absolute guarantees of peace in a dangerous world but collective Security is still the Best Hope. One thing which Stalin has always respected is the will to resist. Strike losses when strikes occur particularly in major industries they have a heavy Impact on the Forest Reserve o Ottawa the Gigantic task which the . Socialist convention would impose on the taxpayers of Canada by a publicly owned Iron and steel Industry can Only be realized by those who trouble to inspect a Lew of these Gigantic plants. It would be a. Bite that even the Federal government spending billion a year now would find lard to Chew. If the More sensible of the . Leaders visited some of the nearby industries it might bring them Down to Earth. Good example the steel company of Canada s works at Hamilton Are a Good example. The total value of this Plant including the million expansion will be somewhere be tween and 5400 million. It is difficult to place an accurate valuation on All the hundreds of big and Little Iron and steel Prim Ary and secondary manufactories in Canada. Without doubt the chief Justice williams1 address or. Justice Freedman a nowhere More than on the Economy of the area judicial Bench must a Man this was impressively illustrated cease to be a Merber of any in the recent strike in the . Lumber Industry where it has been estimated some Mil Lions were lost to workers in wages. The indirect Joss would be hard to compute. But the lesson of the strike will certainly not be lost on the Many . Retail stores services and industries which suffered along with the strikers through the huge loss of primary purchasing Power. This is not to suggest that the strike weapon should be taken away from workers. Such an idea p is simply not a practical proposition. But All thoughtful persons will concede there is Good reason to prevent strikes whenever pos sible through a More enlightened attitude on both sides of employer employee disputes on wages and working conditions. The demands of the . Work ers for instance came at a time group. In the exercise of his of fice a judge is not a jew a roman Catholic an anglican or a member of the United or any he is not a Cana Dian of French or English or any other descent he is the impartial and fearless speaker of the Law. It is this High duty in my opinion the highest duty any Man can be asked to undertake because even the Queen is under the Law that Samuel Freedman has recently been called upon to l when markets for . Lumber were shrinking. The Export mar Ket by far the most important to the . Industry had been sharply curtailed by reduced buy ing in Britain and the Sterling area due to monetary troubles. Domestic demand had also been falling off. Yet in face of this situation in the Market for their products the workers in by. Already among the Best paid in Canada were demanding 35 cents an hour More. The basis of this demand reportedly was that lumber work ers in the states of Washington and Oregon were getting that much More than the . Work but nowhere in the controversy apparently did the fact emerge that productivity among the Washington and Oregon workers is higher. The Industry there enjoys a much stronger Domestic Market and is better equipped All round to get More duping most manufactured goods. The Case of steel among efficiency out of its operations. Others proves that direct Price controls at Best can have Only beyond that it is for the time b passing effect on inflation so Long As it is arising out of the government s fiscal policies and the Public s buying habits. During the confusions of an election Campaign these prob lems will not be exposed to any Clear Light but when a new president and a new Congress Are installed Early in 1953 they will have to face the facts fiscal and economic As they then exist. Above All they will have to face the fact that the worlds richest nation at the height of a great Boom is not paying its Way and soon must increase its revenues or reduce its Tures or both. The greatly unbalanced budget which began at the first of july cannot be safely continued for Long. Dangerous illusions in today s correspondence columns will be found a letter from or. Fred tipping defending against free press criticism an article on foreign policy which appeared Over his name in a re cent Issue of the provincial . Organ. Or. Tipping takes exception to a sentence which read he assumes that the Western Ria tons Are out not to halt communist aggression and to defend the Rule of Law but to wipe out communism by Force of or. Tipping s disclaimer will of course be the interpretation placed upon his re Marks was an obvious and Natur Al one will however be apparent to him if he re peruse the article. F6r the argument was As follows we have according to or. Tip Ping been cockeyed by events into adopting a false philosophy. Because of the resulting. . Attitude towards communism there has been a tendency to go along with the foreign policy of the bid line in determining the party s policy a few facts should be looked straight in the Eye. One of these is then set Forth in the sentence it should be conceded that it is impossible to wipe out capitalism or communism by Force of it is hard to see Why or. Tipping bothers challenging such an As sumption if As he truly says the leaders of the Western nations do not desire War any More than they desire communism. However or. Tipping s letter is valuable because it brings into the open a highly dangerous concept. He continues the trouble is that they the Western Lead with the communist coun tries have sought Means other than negotiation to preserve Are. Two errors Here. equating the West Ern leadership with that of the Kremlin or. Tipping perhaps unintentionally lumps in a com Mon moral category to be who Are trying desperately to uphold the Law and those who have Vio lated it. Beyond that tie reverts to the View which was de stroy the league of nations in the 1930 s that the function of the world organization is merely to serve As a forum in which being at any rate enjoying the competitive advantage in world markets of a cheaper Dollar. The outcome of the . Strike was that the Union on behalf of the workers accepted a cent wage increase but Only after these facts of their economic life had been driven Home by or. Justice Sloan of the . Appeal court who was called in As final mediator. It has been estimated that it will take the average worker Over two years to regain what he lost in wages during the strike. And yet the Basic facts could have been As and used As a proper guide to what could reasonably be expected of the Industry in better wages without a strike at All. Industry is making greater use these Days of management consultants and experts to get at the Basic facts affecting its welfare. Labor unions Are be coming Well enough organized and supported in Canada to do their share of such fact finding. Surely there is a lesson Here. Both sides in important cases appear to be coming to negotiations in matters of wage and working conditions without in formation which must finally Rule adjustments if the products concerned Are not to Price them selves out of the Market. Scripture Why Art thou cast soul and Why Art thou Dis quieted in me in god for i shall yet Praise him. For the help of Hii countenance. Faa. The responsibility of a judge being so great the responsibility of the authorities. Who appoint him is correspondingly great. The decision is often a matter of difficulty. Some men whose appoint ments to the Bench were hailed with anticipation and High Hopes have fulfilled those Hopes while others whose appointments were received with resignation and even Public disapproval have rendered Good service on the Bench. The value of any judge s work cannot and indeed should not be assessed until his judicial career ends. Every Man fit to be a judge must undertake judicial office in unaffected humility knowing that he is devoting him self to a life of unremitting work and study and knowing also that every new year should find him better qualified than the year be fore. , from time to time men whose qualifications for judicial office Are soon apparent or More apparent than those of iome others and the pleasure and enthusiasm with which your West s appointment was received by the Bench the bar and the Public Are some evidence that he a one of that Happy group. The judge s qualities i believe 1 am in As Good a position As any one to say what some at least of his qualifications seemed to am. Betraying no secret when i say that the judges before whom or. Freedman prac pleasure the fairness with which he presented the cases in which he was engaged. They knew that Here was counsel upon whose word they could always rely who would never attempt to mislead or deceive a court who never forgot that he too was a minister of place. Justice. His scholarship was known to All it haying been shown in the courts and in his lectures to the students of the Manitoba Law school Over Many years. It was not merely a sterile academic scholarship of which today we have far too the wider living and creative scholarship of a Wise and experienced Man of business and. Affairs he had been Given apparently at birth one of the greatest gifts any one and especially any lawyer can be Given a gift that is Given to All too few. But which seems to have been lavished on the Freedman family the gift of the knowledge of the meaning and value of words accompanied by a facility of Oral. Exposition which in manner leaves nothing to be desired he Early showed another Capa without which the others would be Lis Elesi the capacity just As no i Man. Can a terribly hard All Hii professional the main speaker at the testimonial dinner tuesday night Lor or. Justice Samuel freed Man recently appointed to the Manitoba court of Queen s Bench was chief Justice k. Williams the head of that court who represented the lieutenant governor in his absence from the province. The communal tribute attended by or. Justice Freedman s Judi Cial colleagues by leaders of the Manitoba bar and by an overflow audience was sponsored by the y.m.h.a., the b Nai b Rith and the Jessel club. The chairman was or. A. R. Micah. Extracts from the address by chief Justice Wil Liams Are herewith reproduced. Thereby at once removed from All outside influences life so no Man can Render full service As a judge unless he labors equally As hard. The re Ward of course is found in the fact that there is nothing a Man can do which will give him plea sure comparable to doing the work that lies to his hand with All his might and that no Man is happier than when he is at work. today some who affect to believe that Courtesy and Good manners Are things of the past. This is a mistake of course a mistake which is As old As it is foolish. Or. Freedman has Al ways been distinguished for his Courtesy but it is the Courtesy of a Man who can be moved to indignation by dishonesty or wrong when i say that the value of a judge s work should not be assessed until his judicial career ends i am not to be taken to mean that his judgments May not be the subject of fair criticism. They May. But if he has honestly exercised his Best judg ment he May sustain criticism with Complete equanimity. If in a matter in which the Public is interested his honest judgment excites Public disapproval lie will disregard that disapproval in the same Way As he will disregard the Praise of the Public when his judgment meets with Public Praise. No judge should be complimented or thanked doing his duty. It is an admirable thing that in All the countries of the common judges Are appointed for in attain 75 is usually thing. They Are Scot land August 38, 1867. They doing. And finally he has a sense that is delightful the More so As it is controlled and Only allowed to Manifest itself at looks into the future of one for the proper time and in the proper whom i together with never seek Praise and they never fear blame. It is Only natural that there should be differences Between individual judges no one judge has All the Virtues and capacities just As no one judge is without any. But in every jurisdiction there Are a number of judges and it is All these judges working together each helping in his own Way and bringing his own gifts who establish the Quality of the administration of Justice and the standards and traditions of the Bench in each generation. A judge s career should Only be appraised against the judicial Norm of his generation and of his own and that is one reason Why such appraisal if in is to be made at not be made judicial work is done. The test of achievement nor is it proper or profitable to compare one judge with an other whether of his own or of a past generation whether of his own or of another country. in each generation judges who for some reason or other capture the Public imagination and who Are accorded the ubiquitous of which lib great and Brilliant Are perhaps the commonest. Fortunately in the course of time Al these Are fitted into their pro per Niche. What then should a judge wish to have said of his judicial work when he finally lays aside his Robes above All things he would Hope that his fellow judges that smaller brotherhood within the brotherhood of the bar the men Best qualified to express an Opin Ion in the matter would set their Seal of approval on his work. He would also Hope that the Mem Bers of his bar would agree with such a judgment. More than that he would probably never ask. In the course of nature i shall not be Here when Many years from now my brother Freedman my youngest brother by Many years terminates his judicial career. Prophecy is undertaking especially where it colleagues have such real affection but i do now when the time does come the verdict will be that no one Ever proved himself More worthy of appointment to the Bench than or. Justice Freedman. Dimensions of the steel Industry a vast Enterprise by c. A. B. Remember this company is just one of the big Iron and steel operations in Canada. Others Range from size near the leaders Down to single ownership Small plants. This one company alone uses tons of Iron Ore per year tons of Coal and tons of Limestone from its on quarries at Beachville on Tario. The Iron Ore is transported by More than 300 steamers from the mesabi Range to the comp any s big Dock at Hamilton. Unloading of the Iron Ore and Coal is handled by three 674-foot mov Able Bridges longest of the Type in the world. The company is constructing additions to the Dock increasing its length from 800 to feet capable of handling three steam ers at a time. A a nother new movable i. Bridge is being installed 675 feet Long handling buckets Cap Able of lifting 20 tons at a bite from the ships. These additions alone will Cost some 512 million. Other features include three tall total would run High above a blast furnaces with a fourth billion dollars. J largest in Canada under construe the Federal government s pub i Tion to raise Iron production to location private and Public in i tons per Day. Vestment in Canada 1926-1951, shows that in five years new in vestment climbed to Mil lion and is estimated for 1952 at million. Thus since 1946 inclusive the Iron and steel Industry has invested More than half a new Plant and equipment. Investment by the primary steel Industry alone Rose from million in 1946 to Mil lion in 1950, and by 1953 will have tripled that figure. Again taking the steel comp any of Canada s works at Ham Ilton As an example they cover 350 acres with coking plants blast furnaces open hearths Var ious Mill buildings railways docks Etc. But the company also operates plants at Montreal la Chine Brantford Toronto and Gananoque. The company oper ates an integrated that is control of production of the raw transport con version to Iron and steel and the finished products. This kind of operation requires the highest Type of brains imagination engineering Energy management safety measures skilled employees Rone to swing one Way or the other because theirs is a Young country with a Strong urge to Progress and also because they Are so much exposed through the nature of their Trade to the Impact of world conditions. To find and keep a Middle Way throws a heavy responsibility upon the Commonwealth government. It has to halt a Long continued and violent inflation but at the avoid an unwanted Down turn in econ Omic activity. It is no easy task and the cautiousness of a government which proceeds with Small Steps rather than Large ones can be understood even if it does not raise tour cheers. Many australians therefore Al though Only moderately satisfied with the budget console them selves with the reflection that while it might have been better it could have been much worse ;