Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - October 13, 1955, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil printed Ana published daily except sunday by the Winnipeg free press company limited. Too Carlton Street. , Manitoba. Authorized As second class matter by the Post office department. Ottawa Grant Dexter associate editor Victor Sifton president publisher it. S. Malone vice pre Siurna we. Lord general manager Winnipeg thursday october 13, 1955 bluster against the Northern tier the United states As might have been expected has assumed the role of defence attorney for Iran against charges levelled by the soviet Union. By adhering to the Baghdad de Fence pact which already linked Turkey Pakistan and Iraq the iranians have incurred the anger of a russian govern ment which prefers naturally enough to live with weak and disunited states on its Southern Borders. Or. Molotov a treat ment of the iranian ambassador on wednesday was rough enough to recall the soviet blustering against Denmark and Norway when those nations accepted invitation s to join the North Atlantic Alliance. As usual or. Molotov prefers to look at things through the wrong end of the Telescope. A defensive Alliance of non communist states is by russian definition an aggressive combination directed against the soviet Union. In the present Case the soviet minister bases his argument and his warning upon the Russo iranian treaty of 1921. This is an altogether curious instrument. It accords Russia the right to Send troops into Iran if a third party should desire to use iranian Terri tory As a base of operations against the soviet Union. But it also carries a Peculiar Annex which states that this shall Only in the Case of hostile activities from partisans of the. Overthrown czarist russian regime and their support in these circumstances or. Molotov s argument that Iran s present policy contradicts the pact of 1921 is strained and unconvincing. But it also carries an obvious men Ace. There Are however at least two reasons Why the soviet Union May be Content for some time to consider that a contradiction is something less than a treaty violation which would justify the movement of troops across the iranian Bor Der. Even in Stalin s Day when the soviet policy was characterized by aggressive hostility to the West the threats against Scandinavia failed to materialize in forceful actions. Today the Bulgarin Khrushchev government is expending enormous energies in the promotion of its peaceful coexist ence polity. An aggressive move against Iran would disrupt and destroy this entire Campaign. The second reason is that or. Molotov s Public Alan Tun questionably exceeds his private concern. If he could afford to be candid he would probably agree with those British Cri tics who feel that the american state department has considerably exaggerated the Power potential and even the poli tical potential of the Northern Turkey and Pakistan Are relatively stable states whose people would almost certainly resist strongly if they were attacked. But Iran has Al ways been notorious for instability and no one can say what will happen in Iraq when the aged Strong Man Nuri Al said disappears from the scene. In this sense the most important aspect of the Baghdad four Power grouping is perhaps that it increases the influence in the moslem world of states which Are More concerned with their own Security than they Are with crusades against Israel. It is certainly a Rebuff to Egypt. But it is also a reasonable Assumption that it will make the egyptians More receptive to approaches from the soviet Union which seers More and More disposed to meddle in the affairs of the Middle East. Greece without Papago the rally in peril by Robert Stephens you Don t have to be in Winnipeg to be buzzed by the . The Brash and i he dog like rheumatic political Arm at its convention in Toronto on tuesday the Canadian con Gress of labor with what seems to Many delegates in. Due Isle reaffirmed its Faith i the Kcf As the poli tical i to of those de Legate who protested the Marie in which the Resolution rushed through without debate got nowhere in their attempts to re open the sub 1 Jet. The objectors Vivere apparently not opposed to the Resolution As such. They favored it but presumably they wished to get their views on the record. The evident reluctance of the Cal leaders to permit a de Bate on this matter is quite understandable. The Kcf has never been the political Arm of labor As the Resolution claimed. The socialist party has been the political Arm of the Cal but not of the older and larger trades and labor Congress of Canada. The tic has always prided itself on its political neutrality. In the near future however the Cal and the tic Are going to merge in the new organization former members of the tic will outnumber by a Good Many thousand former members of the Cal. As Cal members themselves Are far from unanimous in their sup port of the Kcf the chances of getting the new Organiza Tion to give its official support to the Kcf Are not Bright. It is Clear that the Cal executive feared the consequences of too vigorous debate on the Resolution. A Champaign by Kcf supporters the Cal to have the new Organiza Tion endorse the Kcf might have aroused resentment in the its members have not in the past been directed to support any parti Cirilar poli it is not Likely that they would take kindly to any pressure of that sort. Such resentment could conceivably upset or at least delay the forthcoming merger. In the circumstances the Cal executive cannot be blamed for wishing to keep the lid clamped tight on this Issue. Mourne Mouth the seventy fifth annual con Ference of the conservative party has ended. The conservative conference is an Occa Sion when the leaders of the party come to make speeches to and to hear a strictly limited number of speeches from nearly delegates the conservative rank and file. Each of the 630 conserva Tive constituency parties is Al Lowed to Send seven delegates to the conference. Broadly speaking they will be seven people who worked particularly hard in the canvassing and other organizational work that led up to the tories famous electoral victors last May. The three most interesting questions for an observer to ask himself after this Confer ence Are what sort of people Are these tory file to Day what currents of opinion Are moving among them what impressions of tory policy can be gathered from the ministers who been parading in the Confer ence Hall and thronging through Bournemouth hotel lobbies in the past few Days the sad answer to the first question is that the tory rank and file is still pretty far to right this is Only to be expected among the older Dele them retired army officers Gen fact that now buy television sets and some times even Carsi the purchasing Power of the older tories own fixed incomes has fallen. But the More intelligent tory maps will admit to a feel. Tories at the Seaside by m. A. D. M. No of even greater perturbation about the Way in which the Young conservative move ment is moving. There Are far More Young men arid women at conservative than at labor conferences nowadays but the word that Springs to mind about them is not so much enthusiastic As the tories have not attracted the Young Industrial worker to their party conferences they merely seem to have gathered in a surprising a Uriber of students from provincial universities arid of White Collar workers to rally in support of their class. The intellectual Standard of these new Young conservatives is Lar below that of the Young men who gathered around or. Butler in the conservative Central office just after the War. Unfortunately the same drop in standards has been very obvious among the new Young conservative members of parliament who were elec Ted for the first time in the last election. Admittedly there were a few grumbles at Bournemouth about the plight of the Lanca Shire Cotton Industry and the fall in farming incomes and most of the motions rather of Sequio sly congratulating the government on this or that Section of its policy had a handful of votes cast against them. But the first sort of. Opposition is a traditional method in which party Mem Bers from specialist areas an show their Flag and the second sort of opposition was t least partly motivated by in fact that the Best Way to it an Opportunity to speak n a to say that be wished to oppose a to Ion. A i his rather old fashioned conservative attitude among the rank and file might spell trouble in the future but it is not an immediate threat to the policy of the present government. For the Bourne Mouth conference has shown again that the present leaders of the party Are completely in command of the dog like Devo Tion of the followers. As the latest Public opinion polls Sug Gest that the government has actually improved its position slightly since the general this Devotion is not surprising. Lay on a Shewchenko principal Lockhart by accepting the insignia of office at the convocation ser vices of the United College this week or. Wilfred c. Lockhart assumes officially the principalship of an institution whose roots reach Back into the Days of the red River settlement. United College was once two separate colleges Wesley and Manitoba. It therefore has two distinct streams of historical development. But it had its origins both of them in the minds of men who believed that religion and Educa Tion Are two aspects of a sin Gle process. This is the tradition of which or. Lockhart will now become a part and one to which he Complete allegiance. To the Long line of famous names principals j. W. Sparling John m. King John Mackay j. H. W. C. Graham and Many others will now be added that of w. C. Lock Hart. It is a High tradition and it is understandable that or. Lockhart should look upon his task As a great As he takes up the Challenge it is right that he should know that this Community which is very proud of United College and the High standards of its arts department Hopes that he will find in it. As did his predecessors also great Joy. In the Row Between or. Via j Dimir a Shewchenko and Tass the soviet news Agency our sympathies Are All with or. A Shewchenko. Here is an honest hard working soviet newsman who dutifully rushes off to his Moscow employers a Canadian press despatch from Halifax to save Tass Money he conscientiously com presses it into keep ing a duplicate copy which proves that he confined himself strictly to the facts but what happens next morning or. Washed Chenko finds himself the storm Centre of a furious controversy. If there is anything in com Mon among the irate Canadian and soviet principals it seems to be a desire for or. Washed Chenko s Scalp. Who is to blame Why the Tass editors who misinterpreted or washed Chenck s Des Patch. According to their ver Sion a Canadian air commo Dore stated that Craf squad remembered words from Sermon in a. Churchyard by Thomas Macau a Here learn that glory and disgrace Wisdom and Folly pass away. That mirth hath its appointed space that but for a Day that All we All we hate that All we Hope and All we fear each mood of mind each turn of Fate must end in dust and silence Here. Drons were poised for an attack on Russia. And now or. A Shewchenko is poised to take to the Woods. The literature of journalism is drenched protests of correspondents whose Sto Ries have been misinterpreted in their Home offices. A Shewchenko becomes or. The first russian member of a distinguished company. Correspondents of the world unite when the subject of Freedom of information has been Dis cussed in the United nations soviet spokesmen have taken the line that what is needed is a code of conduct for reporters. They have favored some sort iof governmental Agency to. Irresponsible correspondents but As the Case of or. A Shewchenko shows this is All wrong. His conduct a exemplary it was Tass a official and presumably res por Isible Agency which foil dec things up and made him look like a reckless War Monger the resources of the Ottawa press gallery should be at or a Shewchenko s disposal As he marshals his verbs and Adjer Tives in the struggle with his Home office. A finally what did Bourne Mouth show about the Atti Ude of the party leaders themselves one of the most interesting hotel lobby Fea ures of the conference was a minor revolt that has been mounted against sir Anthony Eden s delay in making up his mind about Cabinet changes. There is some impression particularly among those who lad been told they were going o get new jobs that there has been unnecessary dithering at he top. Apart from this the main interest in the lobby centred on which ministries Are to be hit by and which will escape from or. Butler s Economy cuts. These Economy cuts will not necessarily go very far although the Gold Reserve is still falling it has now been revealed that tray to had a Small balance of pay ments surplus in the first half of the year. But it has already been made known that the government is going to Cut rent subsidies which is an excellent less happily it appears that the Long overdue Road program is to be cramped. On the other hand sir David Eccles who had a great personal Success at the Confer ence seems to have persuaded the Chancellor to let him go ahead with his plan for increasing education expenditure and the programs for building new for setting up atomic stations Are reported to. B e going through unscathed. The slogan that or. Gave to this year was expand Success but curb it seems How Ever that the definition of what is regarded As Success and what As e excess depends largely on the Force of individual ministers personalities. Birthdays e. G. Porter q.c., Portage la Prairie Man., born Trenton ont., oct. 13, 1839. The death of a s h a 1 Alexander has brought to an end three., years of comparative political. Stability in Greece Ancy left the country in the grip internal crisis at a in her International " relations. Coupled with the Cyprus problem the critical state of Greco turkish relations and Russia s More Active Mediterranean diplomacy the Uncer Tain political Outlook in Greece adds a further difficulty to the task of repairing the holes torn in nato s diplomatic and military front in the Eastern Mediterranean. Papago was not Only the outstanding personality of the administration but also the Keystone of the Unity of the governing party the greek rally. Although the rally won 251 out of 300 parliamentary seats in the 1952 elections it had in the past year begun to lose some of its popular support owing to the rising Cost of living and its handling of the Cyprus dispute. During the eight months illness of Papago the rally showed increasing signs of disintegration into rival factions which Only the prestige of Papago As Leader had kept in Check. The two main actions were led by two former Deputy premiers Stephen Stephano Poulos Farmer foreign min ister and Panayotis kanello Poulos former defence this rivalry pre vented an easy transition to a successor appointed by Papago himself and accounts for King Paul s invitation to a third Man Constantine Karamanlis former minister of Public works to try to form a new administration. Today s scriptures stand fast therefore in the Liberty wherewith. Christ hath made us free. Gal. If the greek rally can Bur its differences and agree on new Leader and Premier has the necessary tary majority to continue it administration until the elections due next october. By the strains within the party a present appear to be such the a any administration based on the rally will probably be pre carious and possibly Short lived. It is Likely that the main purpose of the new administration will be to prepare the Way for new elections. It is probable however that every Effort will be made to Dela the elections until the Popula mood has calmed Down. The View is widely held in Athens that elections held using the. Prevailing mood of popular resentment Over Cyprus. And particularly what 5 regarded by Many greeks s Anglo american Tolera on or even encouragement of turkish hostility to Greece would result in heavy left ing gains. This possibility would be id eased if the greek rally finally disintegrated and failed o present a United front at the sections. In the greek Countryside which suffered so heavily rom communist guerillas in he civil War. Anti communist Eeling is still intense. But in he towns the communists have never lost their under Over foothold and left Wing groups with neutralise or of travelling tendencies have been gaining ground. The last municipal elections illustrated this trend though he left Wing still has no i act parliamentary representation. This trend appears due in the first place Tox economic grievances but it has been encouraged by Russia s coexistence diplomacy in which the orthodox Church is potentially useful instrument and the repercussions of the Cyprus dispute. The moderate and conserva Tive though not the extreme right Wing nationalist elements in Greece and especially the greek military readers Are Well aware that any Basic shift in greek foreign policy away from nato towards neutralise or even an Independent line on the yugoslav mean not Model would Only serious economic difficulties but also dangerous diplomatic and military isolation. Greece still depends he airily on american military Anc economic Aid and most greeks the Cyprus dispute value particularly their connection with Britain. But with the slackening of the cold War history lends to reassert itself. If the impression is allowed to gain ground among the greek Public that Turkey is the favorite child of Britain and the United states whatever hostility she shows to Greece then there is the danger that in the Long run greek opinion will out of despair rather than inclination be gradually drawn More and More to see a co existing Russia in the traditional russian role of protector of the Balkan states and the orthodox Church against the turks. Forh Jan Serveri a shift from wheat makes sense or. Roy c. Marler presi Dent of federation b f recently suggested that Canada s wheat acreage should be Cut by one third As a Means of reducing the world surplus. Although he May have allowed his enthusiasm to carry him away it is surprising that farm leaders in be the ones to accuse him of a defeatist and to suggest the farm people of Manitoba would be unwilling to accept such a drastic the simple fact is that Mani Toba Are Well ahead not Only of their own farm leaders but even of or. Mar Ler. In 1940 the Farmers of this province seeded acres to wheat in 1955 they seeded acres a reduction Over the 16-year period of 44.5 per cent. Or. Marler is admittedly Over enthusiastic As to t h e possibility of reducing wheat acreage in Saskatchewan and even Alberta he can hardly be accused of a Lack of realism in applying his Sugges Tion to Manitoba. Other crops Beckon Manitoba by Ralph Hedlin nor is there anything defeatist or unpalatable in the suggestion that wheat acreage should be reduced. With a sup ply of wheat presently on hand sufficient to meet All anticipated demands for the next two years it is surely elementary intelligence to seek other crops which Are adapted to this soil and climate and which compete on a less clogged Market. In addition to improving a far Mer s Cash income prospects the seeding of substitute crops does help to reduce the wheat surplus. It has related benefits of better soil use and improved farm economic organization and efficiency. The Farmers of Manitoba Are Well aware of these facts in 1940 wheat acreage in this pro Vince exceeded the acreage of All other crops combined in 1955 Barer a acreage in Mani Toba exceeded wheat acreage for the third successive year. During this interval while wheat was declining from acres to acres and Barley was increasing from acres to acres Oats increased from acres to acres and flax multiplied almost six times from acres to 000 acres. A whole new class of Spe crops gained added Promin ence in Manitoba agriculture during the same period. Sun Flower and rapeseed not recognized As being of economic importance in 1940, occupied 000 acres in 1955. Peas in creased from to acres buckwheat increased from to acres arid sugar beets newly introduced in 1940, increased from to acres. The Only crops other than wheat that declined in acreage were Rye and earn. For or. Marler s suggestion to be fully adopted in Manitoba would involve a acre reduction in wheat. Is the suggestion too extravagant to de serve serious consideration the acreage seeded to Spe Cial crops in Manitoba of re cent years has moved toward the acre figure. Responsible officials of the Manitoba department of agriculture be Lieve that this acreage can and should increase to to acres within the foreseeable future. Garden crops have been increasing in the province and though they do not occupy Large acreages there is no apparent reason Why this upward trend should be reversed. Nor is there any reason to believe that an equal acreage could not be transferred to feed and forage crops. In 1940 there were head of cattle on Manitoba farms by 1955 the figure had declined to 000. A 1940 Swine population of has declined to and the sheep population Dur ing the same interval has declined from to it is reasonable to assume that the great bulk of unimproved land useful for live Stock production is already taken up if All feed is raised on improved land the animal science department of the University of Manitoba estimates that cattle require not less than Juk. 10-1 North Africa was never like this when Rudolf Valentino was a four acres a head to provide their annual feed requirements sheep Over four fifths and hogs Over one half acre. A return to the 1940 livestock population level would require Over 000 acres of land presently used for other crops for the growing of feed for the enlarged herds. A continuation in the present trend in the acreage devoted to special crops and a modest in crease in livestock populations would make or. Marler s suggestion appear conservative in relation to Manitoba. To Point out that the mar Ket Lor some of these products May be to evade the Central Issue. The Market for wheat is also limited and for Many Farmers in the province it is at the moment non exist ent. They have wheat there is no Market in which they can convert this wheat into Cash. The Market for livestock and special and other substitute crops is More promising than the Market for wheat. The transferring to other crops of a Lew Hundred thou Sand wheat acres in Manitoba will not make an important Dent in the world s 430 million acre wheat Field. But it will in the Short run increase the Cash income of Manitoba far mers perhaps in the Long run and in the Long run i will certainly strengthen the economic base of the province s agricultural Industry. Manitoba Farmers can Host serve their own and the pro Vince s Economy by diversify ing their farm operations and continuing the trend already Well established in the direction of the production of less wheat. To two Artel i ;