Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - August 8, 1963, Winnipeg, Manitoba Winnipeg free press thursday August 8, 1963 Champion of True communism e -._. I i 5 i red China defender of the marxist Faith . Pitts new stress ,.m in in e n on peking menace behind deafening protests Mao May Well be smiling by Chalmers. Roberts Washington special tons there is a sudden new emphasis in Washington on what president Kennedy has called the menacing Factor of red China a powerful nation working hard to build its Reva andean Force and dedicated to the use of War to spread communism. The president emphasized this at his press conference a week ago in tones far More apprehensive than he had used before. Yet a lot of analysts who Deal with the bits and pieces of the chinese problem Are struck by that vast nation s weaknesses rather than its strength. They see a nation struggling to keep its head above water with Stag Gering economic problems and wide popular discontent. And those who Deal in nuclear weaponry stress that the first chinese atomic test will be Only the beginning that As the president himself noted it May take a decade for China to become a nuclear Power in a meaningful sense. Why then the new emphasis on the menace of China a number of reasons Are not hard to find. Lean and hungry at the moment the soviet Union and red China Are antagonists within the communist world. The soviet Union is a fat cat nation whereas China is lean and hungry As an Alley cat. The soviets want to protect their status and that Means avoiding nuclear War with the United states. It is of course to the Ameri can advantage that the soviet Union feels that Way. Why not encourage such a feeling especially now. After a nuclear test ban treaty has at last been agreed upon and when other agreements seem at least to be possible How to do it one Way is to accept publicly the soviet con Tention that the chinese want nuclear War even though the chinese stoutly deny it. Another is to help soviet Premier Nikita s. Khrushchev isolate China. That Means rounding up As Many nations As possible to sign the test ban and adhering to the Long time . Policy of diplomatic isolation of the peking regime. Military Power by stressing the menace of peking the United states is trying to draw the soviet Union further away from red China and in the direction of the Western world. But it is not forgetting at same time that the objectives of Washington and mos cow remain irreconcilable As under Secretary of state w. Averell Harriman has put it the chinese argue that or. Khrushchev has gone soft on capitalism. The United states does not believe that because it feels that it was. The . Military Power and will shown last fall in the cuban crisis along with or. Khrushchev s Row with the chinese which moved him in the direction of the West. But it is believed that the chinese Are right they say that or. Khrushchev in tends to co exist if simply be cause he now knows the alter native is nuclear catastrophe. To the Brink where such a policy will Lead to is at Best problematic. But a couple of Points Are Worth noting. In the first place the red All their Tough talking to both the soviets and the americans have been very cautious with their risk taking. This May be As some contend simply because they Lack the military capacity to act other Wise but it nonetheless is a fact. The russians on the other hand were the ones who brought the world to the Brink last october with or. Khrushchev s dangerous risk taking Over Cuba. By contrast the chinese incursion into India at the same time was a limited affair called off before it reached a Point of bringing . Intervention. Secondly taking the ominous line towards the chinese and trying to draw or. Khrushchev towards the West Means there can be no change in . Policy on China. When the Kennedy administration took office there was some talk of ending the old hard anti peking line. But the chinese gave the United states no Opportunity and the administration retreated under Dom Estic outcries when it talked of recognizing China s Northern i neighbor Mongolia j at a minimum Washington Hopes the new tack on China will help to convince or. Khrushchev that he is right in deny ing the chinese nuclear Wea Pons or help in making them. At a maximum it will encourage a soviet live and let live policy toward the West. But it does not solve the Basic problem of chinese Belliger ency. The Washington Post for Sale Brick and Stone mixed rubble for information phone cd 7-1121 Atlas wrecking co. Ltd. Demolition contractors and salvages 625 Marion Street at the photo shop Kodak electric 8 automatic movie camera no winding no setting no threading of film just drop pre loaded cassettes in Soa and shoot. Reg. Special Brownie 2.7 movie camera Ideal for begin ners. 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At numerous Points on its Borders China confronts Chal Lenge resentment or Lack of support for its National inter ests on the part of the soviet Union. Only last week these differences were underlined in North Korea where raiders crossed the demilitarized zone and killed three americans and in India where reports of a chinese Border buildup again provoked alarm. The differences vary consider ably in importance and intensity. They touch China s con caption of its Security and territorial integrity. Its influence in neighbouring countries its prestige in comparison to other nations in Asia its revolution Ary image and its National Pride. The picture of a China partially encircled by Russia does not alone account for the crackling rivalry Between the two Powers. But the soviet chinese ten Sions around China s rim Are a Large part of the strictly nation Al dispute Between the two communist giants. Still no. 1 they have not led the men in peking to substitute the soviet Union for american Imperial ism As formal enemy no. 1. . Military might the chief Hobgoblin and source of. Frustration. But by peking s cow should be helping it slay the . Paper this soviet Premier Khrushchev has do. He has also declined to give unless pushed in. Areas where retaliation is not a threat. Amid the present tension the soviet Union has less incentive than Ever to help China expand its Power particularly at Moscow s expense. On the other Side the peking government considers itself the proper heir to asian greatness. No longer is it restrained by tactical considerations of sino soviet brotherhood and Unity from pressing its traditional National Point by Point the result has been friction and collision. Following is a summary of these rubs in rough geographical order around the perimeter of China Japan now hanging Back from the larger role it could play in through n Trade and Loans harness its. Economy to chinese develop ment. But Moscow could divert Japan from China by for in stance giving Japan huge ship building orders or the tantalizing Opportunity to Supply the growth of Siberia. This it has not yet done. North Korea which be Gan its Post second world War history As a soviet satellite has in effect been stolen from Russia by the chinese. There hints that to strike Back the russians have Cut off Aid to North Korea. Taiwan is far and away the bitterest Pill that China s weak Ness and Russia s coolness has forced peking to Swallow. As Long As states protects Taiwan and China is too weak to seize it peking must rely on Russia. Many observers Date the flowering of the sino soviet dispute from 1958 when the chinese failed to win soviet nuclear assistance in an attempt to liberate Taiwan. Hong Kong and Macao imperialist colonies along the chinese Mainland have been seized on by Premier Khrushchev who noted that the chinese talk of liquidating colonialism by War and yet put., up with these enclaves of for eign occupation. North Viet Nam has seen intense Competition Between the soviet Union and China for the allegiance of the successful revolutionary to Chi Minh. Russia formerly generated a. Certain influence. But recently China has asserted itself and the wily he has. Seemed to lean to peking. The Competition continues. Laos finds its territory and neutrality being chewed away by communist elements backed by by underlining soviet inability to control the communists on the ground and by showing that the russians can not fulfil the laotian respond abilities they assumed at the chinese supported rebels have sapped Russia s Pride and Power in Asia. Indonesia is a confusing Arena of sino soviet rivalry. Where president Sukarno Ner soviet backed army and the cautiously pro chinese communist party Moscow s favor is the common fear of the Large and industrious Chines minor Ity. The ski has sought to avoid choosing sides in the sino soviet dispute. But internal party politics and the frustration of existence outside of Power has made the ski Ripe Burma once looked like a chosen funnel of soviet Penetra Tion into Southeast Asia. Pre Mier Khrushchev s asian tourist debut was there in 1955, and Friendship followed. But since last year quiet chinese ascend Ancy has been apparent carried Forward by favourable trading arrangements a Border Settle ment and burmese awareness of the proximity of China. India to Russia is an Opportunity for influence in the underdeveloped world for Dis placing the West and for off setting a growing China. To China India threatens to Lead claims to being a development Model. While mos cow tries to butter and build up India China tires to Wear the country Down. The Battle is joined. Sinkiang the province in the Northwestern Corner of China sits astride the main Avenue of chinese Contact with Russia. Historically Moscow has taken advantage of sin Kiang s resistance to peking s control to penetrate the re Gion. Last year some or More Sinkiang refugees Spur red by hunger fled across the Loose sino soviet Border. Outer. Mongolia Trade i tonally a Buffer Between Russia and China is now a soviet satellite the chinese hand seems to consist Only of. An outsider s ingratiating diplomacy the recent Border agreement some Aid projects. It can hardly please peking to lose kind of under developed non european area that is its supposed cup of Tea. Siberia is soviet territory but peking considers the far East including the Pacific port of Vladivostok one reason for the soviet buildup of Siberia it is believed is to forestall pressure from an Over populated and hungry China. V two aspects from the heart of Asia to the Pacific and across the Southern arc of Asia chinese and russian interests Are in collision Twa aspects of the clash stand out. In every Case regardless of whether peking has bested Moscow in Kiy one the inter ests Are More important to China than to the soviet Union. Further these Points of sino soviet difference forming a rough Circle around China put China in the position of having to confront soviet coolness or hostility wherever it turns to satisfy its National desires. There is no evidence that the russians have deliberately tried to encircle or con Fain China. But geography and the Long reaches of both coun tries have conspired to assure a protracted Power struggle Between them. Pile Washington Post the world is be ing shaken by a very personal quarrel Between the chinese Leader and or. Khrushchev by Dennis Bloodsworth Singapore special owns Mao tse Tung May Well silently thank his ideological opponent Nikita Khrushchev for choosing an untenable defensive position in initial Ling the test ban treaty with Britain and the United states. The soviet Union can hence Forth be represented As one of a tiny egotistical minority of atomic Western Powers that have made their pile and now want to keep everyone else poor. In no other sphere could Chi a Hope to find such an Over whelming majority of have not states on whose sensibilities she might work. Experts estimate that it will be at least five years before the chinese can build their own stockpile of nuclear deterrents and develop the Means to de liver them. Meanwhile or. Mao cannot endorse the limited nuclear test ban. Popular Issue he has turned the situation to account however by proposing a conference of All nations to outlaw nuclear weapons. If Chi a has no Hydrogen bombs no other country should have them either. This is Only fair it is reckoned in peking where demographers have calculated that by 1980 there will be one billion chinese. Or. Mao has in fact seized the leadership of what May be come a Universal ban the drive that will allow China to continue to Experiment and later make nuclear Wea Pons As Long As it produces no Concrete results. It will also provide a simple and popular Issue Over which to vilify or. Khrushchev in the International communist movement and the underdeveloped countries. The peking propaganda a is already contending that in a world divided Between blackmailing imperialists and the peace Loving millions or. Khrushchev is to be placed firmly among the imperialists. Heinous crime the 90-Day withdrawal clause in the test ban agreement is explained As a device where by signatories can Start test ing again whenever they like while the socialist countries Are forced to remain non nuclear for Good. Or. Khrushchev could hardly have committed a More Hein Ous crime than this in chinese eyes and behind peking s deaf ening demonstrations of pious horror or. Mao May Well be smiling. For the chinese Leader the sino soviet collision has for Long been inevitable. China s distrust of Russia As a Rapa Cious expansionist neighbor dates from Tsa Rist times. Subsequently soviet attempts to direct the chinese revolution revealed the duplicity and cynical pragmatism of the rus sians who cold shouldered or. Mao s peasant revolution and favored Chiang Kai Shek against the communists much of the time. Personal quarrel finally or. Khrushchev whom or. Mao regards As an upstart continued the sad record by preaching peaceful co existence. The world is being shaken by a very personal quarrel. It is a reflection of or. Mao s. Determination to stay in Power for he must go if there is to be a lasting sino soviet reconciliation and he knows or. Khrushchev wants to get rid of him. Whoever succeeds him will need soviet support against his rivals. Or. Mao has struggled to pre vent or. Khrushchev from turn ing China into a secondary Power within the soviet bloc by assigning her the Humble role of granary and purveyor of raw materials to highly industrialized socialist states. Last week pravda accused or. Mao of recommending go it alone policies for communist countries of refusing to recognize the Virtues of Mao tse Tung com econ the Council for eco nomic co ordination which could easily become the instrument for polarizing China s Industrial growth. Clear Choice or. Mao thus faces a Clear Choice follow my Leader or fight. The ultimate objective of his ideological offensive against Moscow May have been the leadership of the communist Camp but its immediate purpose was to assert China s political Independence. Today it is being widened into a nationalistic and racial Campaign against Russia for which he can rally spontaneous sup port. The chinese cannot believe that or. Khrushchev could stand by and allow Washington to order a nuclear attack against China without himself being torn apart by his fellow communists. Nor do they think that rus Sian and . Interests can Ever be reconciled or that or. Khrushchev s initials on the test ban agreement mean anything much. The occasion is one of which the excellent possibilities for exploitation outweigh any fear. However or. Mao May Well be repeating the mistakes of his Imperial fore runners by underestimating the world out Side China he cannot dismiss one outstanding fact for the first time since 1949 the bombs Are All on one Side. Copyright 1963 observer foreign news service watch Mckinney s world famous Swiss memo watches ladies and men s memo made watches. 17 jewels. I o a ladies and men s usual ladies and men s in usual in Man s automatic 7c usual w9if0 ladies Bangle watches usual Soo 7k 40110 men s executive Auto Matic watches sea 71 chronometer automatic. 25 jewels. 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