Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - August 12, 1963, Winnipeg, Manitoba Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights press printed and published daily except sunday by the Winnipeg free press limited Soo Carl ton Street Winnipeg Manitoba. Authorized As second class matter by the Post office department Ottawa and Lor postage in caste John Sifton president r. S. Malone publisher and vice president Shane Mackay executive editor associate Western Peter Mclintock Winnipeg monday August 12, 1963 unwarranted suspicion or. T. C. Douglas addressing the new democratic convention at Regina challenged the right of the Liberal government to sign an agreement with the United states to acquire nuclear arms without first consulting Parlia ment and the people. This attitude May Puzzle Many people who will recall that this was the precise Issue on which parliament voted when or. Diefenbaker moved his Amend ment to the throne speech and further that nuclear policy was a leading Issue in the general election which produced the present parliament. However or. Douglas contends that the situation has radically changed by the nuclear test ban treaty negotiated in Washington. He is aware of course that this is not a disarmament agreement but he believes that it has brought on a thaw in the cold War and he is apparently persuaded that this would be jeopardized if the Pearson government adheres to its present policy. The Case is singularly unconvincing. Insofar As the Bomarc Are concerned it does not even Accord with the line of criticism followed by the new democrats in the defence committee. Or. Brewin for example on july 2 placed on the record an opinion of general Guy Simonds who said last february our poor Little Bomar bases could t Knock out More than .0001 per cent of an attack ing Force. They will not defend Canada they will fend America they do not make the slightest bit of differ ence in the present balance of this is not the View of the department of National defence but at least item Pha sizes the exclusively defensive character of the Bomarc As the new democrats Well know they Are not a threat to Russia 6r to any russian unless he is attacking this it is therefore ridiculous to suggest that we will be upsetting any International Apple carts if we follow the Lead of other nato states in negotiating an agree ment with the United states on the subject of Bomarc missiles. New democrats May be Correct in believing that the world Stock of nuclear weapons is now More than adequate for world destruction. This is an awesome thought but it does nothing for or. Douglas argument because there is no reason to believe that the Canadian american agree ment will Call any More weapons into existence. It con Cerns custody and control and has nothing to do with production. Nor is it helpful to an understanding of the problem to talk bitterly of the Prospect of Canada joining the nuclear club 1 in a sense we have belonged to it for years because we to nato defence policy and have contributed to the effectiveness of the . Strategic air Force by providing re fuelling bases communications links and Over flight privileges. On the other hand we Are certainly hot joining in the sense henceforth dispose like or. De Gaulle of an Independent deterrent. The Case of the Cf-104s is rather different because it is perfectly True that Canada in 1959, accepted a strike reconnaissance role. This Means that in the event of nuclear War Canadian aircraft would attack enemy military targets. But this is a nato policy and the Only question is whether we shall carry out the role or leave it to one of our partners. It is a matter of internal nato arrange ments which May be cd ranged if nato decides on a Dif Ferent policy. But in event of War the nationality of the Craft dropped the bomb would matter nothing to the russians if the Case were May be quite or. Khrushchev would have made a grievance of it and when or. Khrushchev has a pravda and Izvestia Are not inclined to make it known in editorial whispers. It is curious that or Ibe Inch . Worked up about this v than the practice by Miri aed rulers of the soviet union., ideas on the role which Canada should play better relations Between East and West. These deserve consideration. But there is no. Evidence whatever the nip suspicion ability to play a constructive role is being impaired Iii some the agreement now being we have hot become International Leper the protests of or. Endorsed the present likelihood that we will be so the declarations of the new democrats mislead our world neighbors into the fantastic conviction Rafhat Iii spite1, of All appearances we Are the guilty Custo Diane of some secret land horrible design against the peace. Indian grievances or. Guy. min ister of citizenship and Immi Gratin made the somewhat unexpected but thoroughly Welcome announcement recently that he will recommend to the Cabinet establishment of a court of Indian. Claims. Doubt that the indians in Many of can Ada consider Vliem selves second class citizens and complain of unjust treatment at the hands tie Whites. It is of ten alleged treaties extinguishing the aboriginal titles to. Have. Been Vio lated or at least interpreted in a sense which the indians con Sider unjust and incomprehensible. Most of British Columbia simply occupied without treaty or any compensation. While the european Conquest of the. Nor Thern half of this was certainly peaceful in com Parison to some other occur actions the subsequent history Sjofn race relations in this coun try is a Burden on the Cana asian session of 1960-61, the grievances of the Indian population of Canada were the abject of a valuable study by a joint committee of the sen ate and the House of com Mons. It was one of the recommendations of that committee that an Indian claims commis Sion should be. Established to Deal Specif with certain including the Bri Tish columbian land question it the expense of the Federal Treasury. As this inquiry Diefenbaker government promised such a commission but fell Froni Power before its legislation could be considered by parliament. In addition or. Frank Howard an nip member from British Colum Bia introduced a private Mem Ber s Bill which would have established a court in reality a Branch of the exchequer court to Deal with Indian claims. It May appear somewhat strange that these Long stand ing grievances of the Indian Peoples cannot be dealt with by the Ordinary courts of the land. A different course has been advocated for various reasons. It was the testimony of several Well informed wit Nesses that the indians after bitter experiences have lost Confidence in these courts. One of the difficulties is that the rules of evidence applied by the courts Are incomprehensible to the indians whose traditional customs Are radically different from those of the White majority. It has there fore been urged that a court which considered the various claims in the Basic principles of fairness and equity would possess greater authority in Indian eyes. V Jar. Favreau did not amplify his announcement and Parlia ment will not know until autumn at earliest what sort of court he has in mind. But government s objective should commend itself to All parties and it is to be hoped a result of this legis lation the Indian people May feel less like strangers in their own country. Today s scripture Ifor by Grace Are be saved through Faith and that not of yourselves it is the gift of god. Ephesians 2 8. Shape of things to come Trade and Commerce eyes Man s Best Friend dog Days in Ottawa Ottawa the department of Trade and Commerce which worries habitually about lethargic exporters and the balance of payments has turned its calculating eyes upon Man s Best Friend. It is the official View in. Ottawa that More should be done by prepared pet food producers to meet the revolution of ing canine has had such an Impact on the Post War world. J As with automation and other modern Phenomena the great change in the social Sta Tus of the Canadian dog was far advanced before most peo ple were aware of its exist ence. Even now it May come As a Surprise to Many to read that in 1962 we exported dog and cat foods to 20 countries and that our foreign markets now Worth close to Mil lion have barely been scratched. We had also made some overtures to the cuban dog but these apparently had been vetoed by or. Castro foreign Trade in its sum Mer Issue has nothing to say about the origins of the Wel fare state for cultivated can Ines. The authors merely accept it As a fact noting that in North America generally pets More can Ned than do their masters who probably get along with what is left Over. This explains the rapid Ity with which the dog is Dis placing Homo Sapiens in the affections of supermarket ears there is already a special diet for the thoughtful dog by the Sac Rifice of thoughtful horses. No doubt other sophisticated pro How Long is president de Gaulle s whip the Gambler s threat Ryphe year said presi j. Gaulle at his re cent press conference will be decisive for the future of a United this state ment is doubtless accurate but it does not go far enough. Wiat to that the year 1963, or the year 1964 at latest is Likely to be decisive of the whole Western Avold and that he has no veto Over it. As in All his delphic pronoun cements president de Gaulle mixes Honey and Gall conciliation and threat ritual trib. Ute is paid to Franco Ameri can Friendship but in the next breath the United states is told to keep out of Europe. West Germany is praised As an warned that it must liquidate its tariffs on French farm products begin Ning by the end of this year or the common Market itself will disappear. These Are threats of the gravest sort and president de Gaulle is not the Man to make them lightly. What is their real meaning apparently he is telling the United states that a United Europe has become Strong enough economically though not militarily to stand on its own and by inference it requires Little from the Ken Nedy round negotiations of Gatt Tariff scheduled for next Spring he is telling his trading partners of Europe that they must accept his concept of the common Market As a closed club based on protectionist principles or he will smash it. Certainly he can common Market by withdraw by Bruce Hutchison ing France from it but he can not smash the attempt to expand the Trade of the Western world by the rules of Gatt or otherwise if other nations in Europe arid elsewhere Are this Essen tial in the first place he must Deal with european states especially West Germany which support the objectives of the Kennedy round and realize though presently prosperous not Large in provide the markets required for their growing economies. President de Gaulle can usually have his Way with Chancellor Adenauer he will find it a much More difficult matter to Enchant or coerce or. Erhard the German Chan cellar designate who is per haps the world s leading free trader. Not Only or. Erhard but the governments of Italy Holland and Belgium were reluctant to accept France s unilateral veto on Britain s admission to the common Market. They cannot be expected to accept the next step in French logic which is to hive the common Market off from what president de Gaulle Calls the Anglo Saxon Community and to prevent the creation of a True Atlantic Community. In the second place while he pointedly notes the United current foreign Exchange difficulties in contrast to France s Trade surpluses nip and nato a majority of nip Mem Bers apparently remain in favor of Canadian member ship of nato. True they did not say so in so Many words National convention in Regina. But enough votes were mustered behind the party leadership to defeat an amendment calling on Canada to pull out of the Alliance enthusiasm for the1 sword and shield of Western defence was however noticeably Lack ing. This is hardly surprising party s very nearly anti nato stand at its found ing convention two years ago is recalled not to mention the openly anti nato position taken by its Kcf Parent. The vote against nato membership this an estimated per cent of bal lots cast was slightly less than in 1961. But any dwindling of nip outright isolationist strength was at least counter balanced by the cooler than Ever attitude of the so called nato thus the party s official statement of two years ago at least granted that nato had played its part in Inabin Taining Western Security while arguing that it should switch to economic and social goals. The new Resolution on world peace mentions the Alliance Only once when emphasizing need to reverse the disastrous policy of Reliance by. Nato on tactical nuclear weapons. For outright opponents of membership like or. Colin Cameron nato is simply a useless-1 piece of for supporters of the Alliance like t. C. Douglas the question of membership is Only a Side Issue which the Liberal government is trying to Force on the nip. The great majority of canadians who believe in collective Security through nato will at least understand where or. Cameron stands. Or. Douglas rather less than unequivocal position the the official one of is clearly More the dictate of internal party dissension than the conscience of responsible leadership. And abundant Gold reserves president de Gaulle cannot alter the fact that the United states is still the richest econ omy and the largest Market in the world from its r another fact v will become increasing 1 y obvious if he presses his. Campaign lot european separatism too far. It is that France. The common Market together cannot prevent tie United states Britain other co operative nations from negotiating Tariff reductions among themselves if they have the will to do it. Though a formidable r and would completely alter the multilateral Laws of Gatt it would also involve drastic probably unthinkable., penal ties for the common Market countries As they excluded themselves from affluent trading system. Yet the alternatives of abandoning any Tariff reductions or pursuing them with out the participation of the common Market May have to be faced next year provided France tries to stalemate the Kennedy round. In that Case it is Likely that the. Common Market would be smashed not by president de Gaulle but by such great trading nations As West Germany which would insist on retaining and expand ing their exports outside eur Ope regardless of France. President de Gaulle seems to think that he has a whip hand Over his private Conti nent but the whip is not Long enough to stretch across the Atlantic to America or across the Pacific to Asia. He can alter the affairs of Europe at he did with his veto on Britain but he cannot veto the economic co operation of nations that see Europe in proportion As Only one segment of an interdependent world if they refuse to be bluffed by the magnificent Gambler of Paris. The e next year will surely be. Decisive As he says if is called. By Maurice Western ducts Are on their Way addressed variously to the particular tastes of the dog of action the clog of refinement dog who lies awake vat nights worrying about the balance of payments. Foreign Trade is also silent on the Fate of the old fashioned free enterprising Western Canadian sheep dog used to Dinie on scraps top off with Thor Odd Gopher and report for duty with an appearance of physic Al i triess which on the basis of Post War research live been sadly deceptive. As understood in the., Short grass Region a sheep dog had t to salient characteristics he was not otherwise identifiable and unless mentally deranged you. Did not acquire him he acquired in the town the experts with a curious Lack of interest in so Cial history ignore this prob Lem it is not difficult to sur Mise what must have happened. The dear departed was Good enough in his Day for farm chores but he did not have his shoulder to the wheel of the National Economy. When the supermarket came in he was finished. What has stirred Alert minds of or. Sharp s merry men is the unevenness of the revolution. In their search for Export opportunities they Are not thinking primarily of As Ian and african countries where dogs sleep fitfully dreaming of american Aid. They have noted the astonish ing fact that some of the most developed countries Are in habited by the least developed dogs. It is recorded for example that belgians As a whole still feed their pets Largejr on fresh meat and fish plus no mention of Vita min supplements. Nothing about nutritional balance. The Standard of living been steadily rising in Belgium yet our producers failed in 1962 to Market a Pound of pet food in that promising Market. There Are other surprising revelations. It is evident from lbs statistics that in Vene Zuela Jamaica and Trinidad dogs queue for made in can Ada packaged foods. We sell smaller quantities to the Swiss to supplement the fluid rations which according to the old Canadian readers All St. Bernards carry in Small kegs about their necks. But Wie have failed utterly to get through to the danish dog who dines free of customs duties. As for the West German dog he is oblivious to our existence. Some dogs including the american dwell behind Tariff Walls. But this is by no Means insurmountable. Americans is every one knows can afford anything and american dogs Are far and away our Best foreign customers. For obscure however the . Dog has become conditioned to a 7% ounce can whereas his More rugged Canadian counterpart insists on the 8 ounce Economy size. The problem for the Cana Dian exporter is to create a demand among the unemancipated dogs of the wealthier Western countries. There is no obvious reason Why French dogs should continue to accept old Bones when puerto Picans have been awakened to the Mouth watering pos Sib pc cities of packaged fare. It is encouraging to read that our exports increased by 50 per cent in 1962. But this is Only a beginning. Trade arid Commerce expects every exporter to do his duty for Rea sons of patriotism profit and proper concern for under Pri. Vil eged dogs. Remembered words from John Anderson my to by Robert Burns John Anderson my to John we Lamb the Hill the Gither and Mony a Cantie Day John we be had i Ane Anither now we Maun totter Down John and hand in hand Well and sleep the Gither at the foot John Anderson my to. Hot War South of the Equator a fight to the finish in Africa London while cold peace takes shape be tween the great Powers of the Northern hemisphere the por tents of hot War become plainer South of the Equator in Africa. The Powers that agreed on the test ban treaty ought All to be keeping part of their minds free to think about the mounting struggle in Southern Africa which Means big trouble for Russia As Well As for America while Britain s deep involve ment there needs no pointing out. So far most of the attention paid to this struggle has been wrongly focused. What has caught the world s Eye lately has been the african Campaign to get South Africa and por Tugal thrown out of various Ernat ional assemblages. Walk outs and Chuck at Geneva have made the headlines., but there Are few headlines about the continuing armed struggle in the obscurity of the tropical for ests or about the meaningful closing of african ranks for the struggle for Power in the South. During the Security Council in this boat we re All by Andrew Boyd debates on South Africa and portuguese Africa american and British representatives have been complaining that the african states when claim ing that peace is threatened really mean that they Are go ing to breach the peace them selves if they get no satisfaction through the United nations. In fact this is putting it mildly. There is no present Prospect at All that in action will satisfy the. African states de mands on or. Salazar . Verwoerd. Portugal and South Africa Are not going to be expelled from the United nations and even if they were this would not achieve the africans aim of self determination for thei inhabit ants of Angola Mozambique and South Africa. Short of that full aim no com Promise is conceivable. This is a fight to the finish. The Northern world is Over inclined to deride the africans fighting resources and to Dis miss As hollow Sabre rattling typical of upstart nationalistic politicians who need a diver Sion from their Domestic troubles All their talk about liberating the White ruled their All Africa Summit conference in Addis Ababa at the end of May a South african minister brushed off such talk yet his government has trebled its military budget in two years. The two threatened White governments Are now spending at least million a year for defence in Africa. Portuguese troops Are being poured into Africa at a fast increasing rate. In Lisbon on july 17, the defence minister admitted that a sixth of portuguese Guinea was already lost most Esti mass Are from an supposedly pacified after the sudden in 1961, come new reports of significantly widespread fighting. Mozambique has Felt twitches. Until now it has been mostly hit and run stuff scattered outrages by ill armed bands punitive actions plentiful vain patrolling in search of elusive guerrillas so in the begin Ning was the algerian War which ended after seven grievously destructive years with the flight of nearly a million French inhabitants from their Homes. We Don t want another Al said president Nyerere of Tanganyika on july 24, pleading for in action lets try peaceful but the try is failing. Meanwhile since Addis Ababa rifts Between the africans have closed and their strength looks less Deris Ory. A joint Mission sent by the african governments including Algeria s to get the quarrelling Angola rebels to unite was Able to claim Success in mid july. African ranks will close further As it becomes brutally Clear that nothing but Force will free the 30 million africans of the South from White Rule. Angola and Mozambique Al ready have common frontiers with states that support the rebels As Algeria had with sympathetic Arab neighbors. If enough arms and armed men Cross those Long unseal Able frontiers to spark off risings that Send the Portu Guese reeling and quite possibly draw South Africa s White army in while the new in surgent governments win wider recognition in Africa and beyond a Challenge much Graver than the Congo will face the in through it the United states. As a subject of , Southern Africa Means pain Ful american straddling be tween african demands and european allies and unmixed Delight for Russia which can safely Champion african claims in Mere words. As a theatre of hot it will make the american dilemma insoluble. But it will also thrust upon or. Khrushchev a dilemma far worse than the Congo gave him for peking is now openly taunting him with cowardice in refusing to take risks in support of National liberation thus the super Powers have a common interest Here As in the nuclear test ban. Will they see it in time time is Short the economist Steff Lenee unit copy Liht ;