Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - September 6, 1963, Winnipeg, Manitoba Winnipeg free press Friday september 6, 1963 Walter Ulbricht the All time worst red and Waljer Lippman says chinese backing makes Viet Cong bottomless Well Washington special fans in his television in review with Walter Cronkite. President Kennedy said so at least it sounded that South Viet Nam can win the War if the Saigon government re forms. It must recapture the popular support which it has lost in the past two months by Hangtis in policy and perhaps with this amounted to telling Viet Nam president diem to disentangle himself from the clutches of his family. It is hard to believe the president really thinks this will or can be done or that he thinks that if it were done South Viet Nam could proceed to win the War. For the objective of the Mil itary operation which we Are supporting is not to win the guerrilla War but to contain it. This is not because presi Dent Kennedy and president Eisenhower have not wanted to win but because it is for All practical purposes impossible to win a guerrilla War if there is a privileged Sanctuary behind the guerrilla fighters. Greek precedent this proposition was demonstrated vividly in another big guerrilla War in which we have intervened. That was the War in Greece. That War was won by the non communist greeks but and the but is crucial Only after yugoslav president Tito closed the yugoslav Frontier against the communist greeks. When the guerrilla fighters could no this would almost certainly mean a War of the Type and on the scale of the korean War. If we then escalated the War by using nuclear Wea Pons nobody can predict the f end of it All. The Price of a military vie tory in the vietnamese War is higher than . Vital interests 1 can justify. The chinese of i course know this and fortunately they know too that the f Price of a military Victory for them is prohibitive. Limited Aid speaking for ourselves we 1 have made it Manifest that i Indochina is not a Paramount interest of the United states i by keeping our intervention in Indochina limited and More i or less undeclared. We f As the president has just said trying to help the South Viet namese to win their not our War. In terms of Power poli tics this amounts to saying longer retire into Yugoslavia to be re equipped and rested they were Defeated. It is reasonably certain that when the communist guerrillas the Viet Cong cannot be Defeated in South Viet Nam As Long As they have an open line to North Viet Nam. The key question about winning the War is whether the Viet Cong can be Cut off from its base of supplies in the North. If it cannot be a military solution is most probable. Seize Hanoi we can be sure that it is quite beyond the capacity of or. Diem s government or of any other Saigon government to Cut the Supply lines to the North. Only the United states could do that and then Only if they were willing to pay the Price. If we decided on a military solution we should have to operate directly against North Viet Nam presumably by occupying its Cap ital of Hanoi in order to Cut the Supply lines to the guerrillas. But we should have to expect and be prepared for a red chinese retort in the form of invasions anywhere along the Frontier of what used to be called Indochina. For us that South Viet Nam is an important secondary interest but that it is not a primary vital interest of the United states. Our intervention in indo China is to prevent red China from absorbing the great natural resources of Southeast Asia. In this we Are not alone. This is also the interest of Britain and of Australia and of the Commonwealth. French interest it is As Gen. De Gaulle has just reminded us an interest of France that the countries of Indochina should be inde pendent and unconquered. It is a vital interest of India which would be dangerously outflanked if red China swept Down through Burma and Indochina to Singapore. Last but not least it is a very great interest of the soviet Union to limit the expansion of red China during its present aggressive phase. Assuming that no great dra Matic collapse of the present position in Saigon is imminent we shall have tune to begin talking about these larger considerations. Copyright 1963 the Washington Post co. Ltd by Terence Prittie London special tons for 14 years Walter Ulbricht the ruler of the East German state has consistently pursued policies designed to secure Long term soviet objectives in Central Europe. The two most important the binding of the East German state into the communist Block and the eventual bolshevik action of the whole of Germany have seemed to conflict with one another. For the integration of the Bast German state in the communist Block has deepened the division of Ger Many. This in turn has encouraged the West germans to bind their country As closely As possible with the West and shun communism. The soviet visualized achieving both Long term objectives by stages. Soviet plans for Bol she Viking Eastern Germany have now been carried out those for Bolshem Viking Western Germany postponed but not abandoned. Or. Khrushchev May still believe that the communist world will overtake the West economically and that greater material Well being can then be offered to 55 million West germans As an inducement to join a two state Moscow sponsored but the bigger bait to the West germans would be that of National Unity the re establish ment of Berlin As capital City and a strategic position As Bridge Between East and West. Tremendous Aid or. Ulbricht s value to the soviet Union for the attainment of the first of its two Long term objectives was tremendous. His Only loyalty is to mos cow he even carries a rus Sian he has geared All East Ger Man Plahn Irig to russian inter ests. Russia s shortage of steel rendered it necessary for East Ern Germany to begin creating its own steel Industry virtually from scratch More than a decade ago. Russia s surplus of Oil has meant the construction of an Oil pipeline to Eastern Ger Many and the Early East Ger Man concentration on build ing up its chemical Industry. At Russia s request the in Fant East German aircraft Industry was liquidated and production of machinery and motor cars was restricted. Two years ago or. Ulbricht was throttling Down Trade with Western Germany at russian orders now he has gone into reverse since or. Khrushchev regards expanded Trade be tween the world blocks As consonant with peaceful co exis tence. At soviet orders he scrapped his second five year economic plan scheduled to run from 1956 to 1961 in 1958. His first seven year plan 1959 to 1966 suffered the same Fate in 1963. Or. Ulbricht abandoned a policy of economic Strin gency at soviet orders in 1953, 3 rooms of furniture from oilers Quality designed living room group you and chair 2 step tables 1 Matching Coffee table 2 living room lamps and 2 pictures. Each room can purchased separately delivers. 11 pc. Bdrm. Group finished in Walnut or Coral. Dovetail drawer construction. Croup includes double Dresser Chest bar bed with Spring filled mattress and Spring 2 pillows 2 boudoir lamps and 2 pictures. Each room can purchased separately delivers. 5 pee. Dinette suite Extension table and 4 wire Back chairs in and brass or Chrome Fin ish. Sturdily constructed. Each room can purchased separately delivers. Croup As illustrated above easy terms open till 9 . 355 Ellice at Cariton and reintroduced it once the popular rising against his re Gime had been put Down. The integration of the East German state in the communist Block has been virtually completed in spite of the opposition of the Farmers the Middle class a Section of youth and increasingly intellectuals. Mirage but the gradual Bols Eviza Iton of the whole of Germany Long ago began to look like a Mirage. Or. Khrushchev might now prefer to Settle for a divided Germany a normalized situation in which two Sovereign German states could possibly be admitted to the United nations. So Clear Cut indeed does the existing division of Germany seem to be that or. Ulbricht s useful Ness to his soviet masters May even be increasing. All the same the soviet Lead ers May reflect on the dubious Wisdom of maintaining a cold or. Pattie sfas for Many years resident correspondent for the guardian in Bonn. Recently he was transferred to London to act As the guardian s political editor. This is or. Prof tie s Farewell report on Germany. Blooded and ruthless tyrant in Power in Eastern Germany. The present is the right time for reflection for or. Khrushchev seems genuinely prepared to search for areas of agree ment with the West. If this is so and the nuclear test ban treaty suggests that it May be then the following facts about Eastern Germany have a bearing on soviet policies. Must Man Wall As Long As or. Ulbrich re Mains in Power in East Berlin then the Wall must be manned night and Day to prevent his subjects from escaping to the West. Tension round Berlin must continue and this will militate against the chances of a detente in Europe. As Long As or. Ulbricht re Mains in Power the russians cannot seriously contemplate a substantial thinning out of conventional armed forces in both German states. It has been a failure of Western diplomacy not to engage the so Viet Union Over the Rapacki plan or some modification of it for a zone of limited armaments in Europe. For the russians cannot substantially reduce their Force of 20 divisions in Eastern Germany. This Force has to maintain a hated police state. As Long As or. Ulbricht re Mains in Power no Gomulka line can be introduced in Eastern Germany. For or. Ulbricht has never been a National he is simply the tool of the Kremlin. His internal communist purges have been designed to eliminate the German National com water underlies Arab Esrael strife t Ondon special la one of the first big issues which the United nations had to Deal with and one that re curs periodically is the prob Lem of Israel. At present the in is discuss ing Israel s clash with Syria. More than 100 incidents have taken place around Lake Tiberias since last december end ing in the killing of two israelis a fortnight ago. Israel s reaction was to Call promptly for a meeting of the Security Council the first time she has done this for a decade. Disillusionment had set in years ago when it had become apparent that Russia would Al ways veto a decision unfavourable to the Arab states. This departure from practice was believed to be the deliberate policy of the new prime minister of Israel Levi Eshkol to show that he was at least As forceful As his predecessor David Ben Gurion. Faith in in or. Eshkol declared recently that anything Short of direct condemnation of syrian aggression at the Security Council would undermine Israel s Faith in the in. He also warned that Israel would use Force to curb Syria if International action had no effect. The background to these Bor Der incidents is a dispute Over water a precious commodity in the arid Middle East. An ambitious plan to use the water flowing into Lake Tiberias otherwise known As ithe sea of Galilee to irrigate ii our Middle Eastern countries was first drawn up under in auspices in 1953. But since it would Benefit Israel As Well As the Lebanon Syria and Jor Dan the arabs turned it Down. Israel however with water re sources at a dangerously Low level and with the huge Negev the total area of the country virtually uninhabitable pushed ahead on her own. By the end of this year she is expected to put into opera Tion a vast scheme to pump water by pipeline from Lake Tiberias Down to the Negev. Draw less at present it is proposed to draw off less water than would have been allocated to her under the in plan but since it will make Israel More Prosper Ous and therefore More firmly established As a state the arabs Are determined to pre vent it. Basic Arab hostility to Israel has not waned during the 15 years of her existence. Her Borders Are safeguarded by 150 in observers authorized by the Palestine armistice agree ment of 1949. The Only armed in forces in the area Are the troops including canadians who have patrolled the Gaza strip since the israeli invasion of Egypt in 1956. The Arab nations along with the soviet bloc have consistently refused to pay towards the Cost of this emergency Force which serves at the same time to keep the egyptian army out of Israel. Israel s main fear however has always been a solid Union of Arab states which together could wipe her off the Middle Eastern map. The federation of Egypt Syria and Iraq proposed earlier this year offered the biggest threat so far but with the revolt in Syria and a change of government in Iraq a few weeks and the ensuing rift with egyptian. President Nasser there came a breathing space. Copyright 1963 observer foreign Newi service munits and Reserve All Power for his cadre of personal Fol Lowers. It is sometimes supposed that the introduction of a Gomulka line has primarily to do with improving living Stan Dards. But its essential feature is increased Independence from soviet Tutelage. Or. Ulbricht could never give East Germany this increased Independence for he is As dependent on so Viet direction As he is on so Viet tanks. Magnet could line Ever be introduced into Eastern Germany even under some Leader other than or. Ulbricht for no second German nationality has been created in Leipzig and Dresden. West Germany with its three times larger population its greater wealth and Freedom must remain an eternal mag net to the 17 million East Ger mans. This is Why it is Idle to equate Eastern Germany with say Poland or Czechoslovakia. Eastern Germany can Only be kept in the communist Block by Force. Have the russians fully considered the further implications of their two state theory and of the maintenance of the division of Germany Here Are some of those implications. The East German state will hot achieve permanence. It will be a source of continuous concern to the soviet Union. This concern Wil be height ened when or. Ulbricht goes. Among possible successors there is no one with or. Ulbricht s purposefulness and experience. Nor can the russians risk liberalization of the East Ger Man regime for this would place in authority men who would believe in their hearts in a unified Germany. Eastern Germany is unlikely Ever to become a Normal satellite. Worst red and from the Kremlin s Point of View the time May not seem to have come to drop or. Ulbricht yet retention in Power will Only make the eventual solution of the German prob Lem More difficult. The propagandists May continue to de pict or. Ulbricht As its Model citizen and family Man he lived unmarried with a communist frenchwoman of about 12 East German Chil Dren can go on Reading about the Workman who loved or. Ulbricht and helped him save red Riding Hood from the capitalist Wolf. The posters bearing the Well hated face with its domed forehead and Goatee Beard May continue adorn East German towns. All this will not alter the fact that or. Ulbricht is the worst advertisement in history for communism and the biggest obstacle to positive understand ing Between East and West. The second of two articles copyright 1963 by arrangement with the guardian Manchester International International King size number 7 gives you a smoothness mildness and satisfaction no Short old fashioned cigarette can offer. Look for number 7 in your Choice of flip top 20s and Flat 25s. Try a Carton today. Regular Price. And a number 7 Clit ;