Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - December 19, 1966, Winnipeg, Manitoba 20 Winnipeg free press 19. 1966 in faces test by Louis Fleming United nations special tons Security Council action imposing mandatory sanctions against Rhodesia has set the United nations on a fateful course which will result either in a revitalization of the organization or in a disastrous confirmation of its impotence. The United nations has unleashed its ultimate weapon to defeat the White rebellion in Rhodesia. There is course another weapon in its Arsenal that of International military Force. But under present world circumstances its implementation is unlikely. Therefore in applying sections of chapter Vii of the in charter the Security Council has gone As far As it can go. If it succeeds it will have established its importance As an instrument for the peaceful police state measures including press censorship to conceal its economic plight. But the United nations will be under african pressure for More direct action a pressure which might be misinterpreted by the Rhode sians As disagreement Wrich would break the Unity of enforcing the sanctions. No escape there is no provision for Compromise no escape except total surrender should the rebels have second thoughts and history teaches that demands for unconditional sur Render usually prolong rather International people have questioned that the United nations should have directed its ultimate weapon to a dispute which hardly qualifies As the most serious disturbance to than shorten struggles. Also Many a. Have reduced the United nations to a sounding Board of world problems to an Agency for occasional voluntary peace missions to a distributor of economic development advice. Implications implications Are grave the United r me just. Oculi of one of the last world peace problems of world Why did the United nations if it fails it will not take such firm action during Graver world crises in the past 21 years they ask. One reason is that Many of the conflicts of the past were Between great Powers in the Case of Hungary and Cuba for example. When the United states and Russia were involved and the United nations has been Able to operate successfully in a dispute tween the super Powers. Another reason is that the United nations has in the past Ever been asked by a colonial Ower to intervene in a rebellion f this sort. Furthermore All on peace keeping operations ave been at the invitation of in parties involved As in Kashmir Palestine Yemen the Congo. This Case at least qualifies for nations never the on for if the succeeds in crushing rebellion in Rhodesia it will find it harder to resist the same course to end the practice of racial discrimination in South Africa. And the great Powers like the United states and Britain which have supported action against Rhodesia May find it difficult to define the difference that would preclude the same sort of attack apartheid. Short of a direct assault on South Africa there will be the almost inevitable demand for punitive action against South Africa and Portugal in the probable circumstance that they ignore the sanctions. Under terms of the in charter All members As Well As non member states Are bound to enforce sanctions. For the first time therefore any breach of the sanctions will be in fact a violation of International Law. African members with Appa rent unanimity would have preferred that the sanctions include a procedure for implementation. They proposed that Britain be Given unlimited authority to enforce the ban on Oil shipments to Rhodesia a proposal with extraordinary ramifications since Rhodesia is a landlocked state that must receive All of its Petroleum receive All of its Petroleum Overland by pipeline rail or it was one thing for the Security Council to give Britain authority last april to use Force if necessary to blockade All shipments to Rhodesia through the port of Beira in portuguese Mozambique. That was without precedent but to suggest a further blockade would mean a land and air operation As Well As a naval blockade of All of Southern Africa. How effective certainly no International Force is conceivable for such a Mission which renders All the More impossible a single handed Effort by Britain. But the very impracticability of enforcement dramatizes the problem for the United nations what will it do if there is cheating the africans have said they will insist again that Britain use Force. But it is already Clear that even if Force was approved Britain is economically too vulnerable to survive such a confrontation with South in action because it Falls in the ealm of the possible because 11 the big Powers Are agreed and possible because of the Lagrant nature of the rebellion n Rhodesia. In one sense Rhodesia symbolizes the principal future Ireat to world Security involving racism. Secretary general u Thant has Emp has Zed that the present ideological disputes will be insignificant compared with the dangers in he future of disputes that Divide Rich and poor parti ulary because the Nch ener Auy Are Whites and the Oor generally coloured. Far Little therefore what the United stations is Able to do in pacifying Rhodesia will Stab so precedence for its ability to arbitrate other racial confront in another sense the Security Council could not have done less in Rhodesia without appearing o turn its Back on charter responsibilities. As it is the africans fear that the Security Council has done far too Little. Given the circumstances of Britain asking for the action he Council could either have ejected the Appeal which would have confirmed the Ebel s Victory or responded As did at the risk of its with cheating however the rhodesian regime will hard pressed by the limitations on key exports and imports. The voluntary sanctions proposed in 1965 Cut deeply into rhodesian exports. The new restrictions will Cut deeper. The incentive for perpetuating the Rebellon will be further reduced when Britain carries out its commit ments to withdraw All previous constitutional offers Andre Hel. Out for an acceptance of Africa in this ensuing waiting game patience May prove the key the rhodesian gov ramen already has had to Mipos pair plead guilty Leningrad a to Young americans pleaded guilt at the Start of their trial m Leningrad court monday to viol Ting soviet currency regulations. One of the pair Buel Ray Wortham of North Little Rock ark., also pleaded guilty to stealing an antique statue of a Bear from a Leningrad hotel. The currency charge against Wortham and Craddock m. Go Mour or. Of Salt Lake City car Ries a possible prison sentence of three to eight years. The maximum sentence on Winnipeg free put a. Yin own 1 Cre United nations at this Point to have rejected Britain anneal for help would have fined the crisis. The threat International peace and which the Security affirmed in its action a May not be entirely visible. But time the domination of 4 Blacks by Whites theft maximum charge is three years. Wortham 25 and Humour 24, were arrested oct. 1 As they were driving to Finland Gilmour was released dec. 1 on bad of More than but bail was denied Wortham. The trial is expected to last three Days. Escapee jailed for theft a Man who escaped custody after giving himself up to police was sentenced Friday to a year in heading Ley jail. Nicklous Manwell Benin Tomo 27 of 75 Balmoral Street was six months or breaking entering and theft and six months on an escaping custody charge he pleaded guilty to both charges before magistrate i. V. Dubie Sta. In Winnipeg magistrate s court. Court was told Reni Ntonio had broken into a suite at 160 Johnson Street nov. 21 and stolen a camera binoculars and a record player valued at walked into detective offices nov. 24 in the Public safety building and was arrested. He later complained stomach pains and was taken to the out patient Ward of Winnipeg general Hospital. While awaiting medication after being examined Dean Tonio dashed onto William Street with a police officer in Pursuit. He was stopped by Tavvo passing motorists and handed Over to police. Help ramp get their Man Toronto ;