Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - March 5, 1968, Winnipeg, Manitoba Printed ind published daily except sunday by the Winnipeg presi company limited 300 Carlton Street Winnipeg Manitoba. John Sifton president r. S. Malone publisher and editor in chief Peter Mclintock Maurice Western executive editor Ottawa editor Winnipeg free press Winnipeg tuesday March 5, 1968 Freedom of Trade Liberty of religion Equality of civil rights at Cross purposes inflation says Edwin Dale the distinguished american economics writer has Only one mismanagement of Public finance. If we do not want serious he writes in the new York times Magazine we have Only to make sure that the government does not pursue an inflationary fiscal and monetary policy budget tracing the history of the last decade in the United states or. Dale demonstrates with figures that prices remained stable so Long As the Federal government s budget was approximately balanced and Rose when it incurred deficits which were covered by an expansion of the Money Supply. This of course is the classic Root cause of so called demand pull inflation. But in Canada it does not explain everything. Here we also have Cost push inflation or wage increases far exceeding productivity and thus inevitably driving prices upward. Or. Dale argues however that in the . Wages on the whole have not greatly exceeded the growth of productivity except in years when the government was pumping up demand by expenditures far larger than its revenues. But this is not True of Canada where wage settlements on average far exceeded hot merely the growth of productivity and the increases in the United states but the Price Rise As Well thus ensuring further rises. On the other hand it is True in Canada As in All countries that there could have no inflation if the state had not caused it in the first by spending More Money than it collected in taxes at a time when the Economy was operating at full or almost full capacity and required no stimulation. The stimulant in Short was applied at the wrong time. Now of necessity the brakes must be applied when the Economy shows signs of slackness in some areas. There is another fact Peculiar to Canada. It was outlined earlier this year by Mitchell Sharp. Just after the second world he said the Federal government spent five times As much As the provincial governments combined. Today provincial governments collectively spend almost As much As the Federal government and provincial and municipal governments combined spent one third More than the Federal in consequence the expenditures of the Junior governments if they Are too High can be a mighty engine of inflation at the very time when the Federal government is trying to Cool the Economy by Balanc ing its budget. Certainly the Junior governments in financing their heavy deficits cannot create new Money As the Federal government can and does. Their spending represents a massive demand on the nation s total Supply of goods services machinery and manpower a larger de Mand indeed than that of the Federal government. It follows that there can be no effective National policy either to heat or Cool the Economy without at least a general agreement Between the two Levels of government. The Federal government has attempted very late and inadequately so far to curb inflation at its source by restricting. Expenditures and trying to raise taxes. The provincial governments As a whole Are vastly increasing their expenditures and Many of them especially the largest provinces Are budgeting for enormous deficits. Aggravating the conflict is a continuing wage Rise involving management and la Tor. V. Strong policies needed to put the Economy on a sound footing but none can succeed As Long As the two Levels of government move in opposite financial directions and while confusion reigns in the Economy elsewhere. It is apparently or. Sharp s Hope that a new program for financial restraint calling for co operation among the Federal and provincial governments Industry labor and some Large municipalities May do the Job. On past experience however More strenuous and definite Steps than Mere talk will be needed. End of Empire mystique behind the Gabon Canada break 1ttawa there is at first glance something More than faintly ridiculous about a diplomatic breach a tween Canada and the re Public of Gabon. Public spirited citizens May find it some what inhibiting to have to Check their african maps before bristling with the indignation which the issues now raised seem clearly to demand. Although the matter in dispute appears from the prime minister s statement of monday to be solely the affair of the gabonese and ourselves it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that Gabon has Little to do with it. On the other hand the Canadian government has been so clearly challenged that it is not easy to see How it could have reacted otherwise. The surface facts appear to be simple enough. Gabon was Host to an International con Ference on education february 5 to february 10, involving the african Franco phone countries and some others. Although the Canadian government has been increasing its Aid to the francophone states the government at Libreville chose to ignore Ottawa and to address a personal invitation to the Quebec minister of education. In a note of january 30, it a Good Friend retires London when it comes time to retire from her majesty s service and grow roses in _ Sussex it is agreeable to begin by visiting a son in Paris a daughter in Naples and a Sun kissed cot Tage in Provence. This idyllic Prospect con fronts sir Saville Garner sometimes called Canada s Best Friend in Britain who went to Whitehall last time on feb. 29 As permanent undersecretary of state at the Commonwealth office and head of the diplomatic service. Last Friday he was received by the Queen at Buckingham Palace to surrender insignia he has held As Secretary of the order of St. Michael and St. Then off to Paris with his much admired american wife Margaret to ramble around Europe. We plan to enjoy our he told a caller at his tidy High Ceil need office in Whitehall. My wife has had enough of gazing at me through government papers with nothing but the uninteresting Side to read. I Hope to travel do some gardening and work for the thus ends an official career which started in 1930. Teh years of his 38 years service were spent in Canada including a five year stint As British High commissioner starting in 1956. He has visited every province at least three times and regards Canada As an Ideal location for an Anglo by Alan Harvey sir Saville Garner who spent Tea years As British Diplomat in Ottawa has retired to grow roses in Sussex. Himself to Commonwealth affairs and does t View the present eclipse tragically. There is much to be put on the debit Side but i certainly Don t he said. There is a link that binds us All together part history part sentiment part he has watched the family grow from four White Domin ions plus Newfoundland and the Irish free state into an association of 27 Independent members counting Mauritius and 28 colonies. Souvenirs of Ottawa include the Renaissance period of wartime when talents like Donald Gordon Graham towers Arnold Heeney Clif Ford Clark and others gravitated to the capital and his 1960 appearance on roller skates in a skit called the wizard of Ozawa. Who s who credits him with an oddly named publication the books of the emperor we to. This was a translation done for a German Friend. Ii sold precious few he recalls but fees paid for his first automobile a Morris minor costing now in Spring like mood the garners Are going to see son Joseph and daughter Gini then Luxuriate in a Provence cottage borrowed from George Ignatieff Canada s United nations representative. This i a belated payoff it appears for sir Saville s Sterling assistance to the Gregariou Ignatieff at the latter s wed Ding in a greek orthodox ceremony at Montreal after the War. By Maurice Western in their recent deliberate affront to can Ada the gabonese probably had a push from be Hind. Vas explained that the invitation was purely personal in edition the government of Gabon offered some Grantui Ous comments on the constr ution of Canada which it understands better than do we no rant canadians. Despite the explanation the Quebec minister was received in Libreville with Fleur de Lis lags and ceremonial befitting a head of state delegation. Although there have been iome strange events in Equa orial Africa it is scarcely credible that the gabonese As potential Aid recipients would of their own volition exert such efforts to irritate a potential donor. The Only conclusion is that certain outside influences vere at work. There is one country the ormer Sovereign Power which has special links with the francophone african nations. A very Large share of French Aid to the under developed countries has been directed to the african states which retain economic and cultural ties with France. In february 1964 gabonese malcontents attempted to get rid of their president through a coup d eat. Paris came through handsomely airlifting French troops into the country and restoring the president who afterwards secured a narrow majority in the National Assembly it May there fore be assumed that Gen. De Gaulle has considerable in fluence with the gabonese government and he also As was demonstrated last year takes an Active interest in our Canadian affairs. So much for the situation in Libreville. We also have a situation Here. There was no objection in Ottawa to the inclusion of Quebec representatives in a Canadian delegation. Policy on this matter was set Forth very clearly in a recent paper on federalism for the future a paper with which or. Johnson is familiar. The important paragraph reads the government of Canada has been seeking progressively to ensure in its foreign policy and in All its actions abroad that it reflects the bilingual character of the country and that it takes into account the proper and devel Oping interests of the Canad an provinces in various inter National activities. For example delegations to inter National conferences where provincial interests Are affected increasingly contain a provincial component Provin Cial desires to Benefit from co operation and interchanges with foreign states Are fully recognized and assisted indeed any provincial require ment that Calls for some International action can. Be met by the Federal govern ment save of course for actions which w o u in undermine the ability of the government of Canada to represent the country abroad the government intends in full co operation with the provinces to continue to Pur sue and develop this new but of existing policy thus at a recent common wealth conference on Educa Ion the Federal delegation included representatives from six of the ten provinces including Quebec. But this is not enough for the Quebec government which claims to represent not merely the province but French Caria a. As a result of this claim the French canadians of two bilingual provinces Ontario and new Brunswick were no represented at Libreville. If the Johnson Gover men had not been so Concei Ned with striking this posture i would obviously never hav occurred to the gabonese eight or with or without prod Ding from outside to trea Ottawa with the studied Dis Courtesy actually shown. To have ignored this break by Gabon of accepted Prochet ures in dealings betwee Sovereign states would hav been to invite other countries in ii like situation to govern themselves by the gabonese example. Only the National government of Canada has the right to represent Canadian in formal exchanges Witt other nations. This principal Carmot be compromised an or. Martin has according suspended diplomatic relation this was not a statement of with the Republic of Gabon. By f. S. Manor p h e r e Are Only two l famous citizenship in recorded history roman and British. American citizenship As never endowed with this mystique. Because of fear of foreign entanglements the americans were Loath to give Protection to their citizens Broad it took a. Generation of Ore America acted to pro act her ships against. The Barbary pirates and More yer even now extended Resi ence abroad leads to the Joss f american citizenship. There ave been no generations of expatriate americans living in foreign countries under the All powerful Protection of their Consul the Way British sub acts did from the 18th entry Onward. The romans were the most successful creators of Imperial mystique. Through Lex Lulia and Lex Calpurnia of 89, . Hey handed roman citizen ship to the italian tribes and he prestige of being a Loman persisted for some 17 centuries 300 years after he Eastern roman byzantine Empire had ceased to. Exist. Even when Imperial Rome stood at her Nadir a Creek would proclaim proudly civis Rodamis and the impudent barbarian would recoil Awe and desist from whatever Nasty design he had upon this Superior being. In the 18th. Century greeks who left their country then part of the turkish Empire would still refer to themselves As romans As if byzantium had not been Cap tured and sacked in 1453. Nothing like this happened again until the Era of the British Empire. You this to me i am a British May have degenerated into musical comedy but nevertheless it was a phrase full of meaning. This was proved by the famous Case of Don Pacifico. At easter of 1847 an Athens mob assembled As was its wont to Burn the effigy of Judas an unfortunate coincidence Baron de Rothschild was just visiting the greek capital and the greek government jihad High Hopes of winning heart of there were times when the British Fleet to protect the rights of a portuguese born in Gibraltar. Lace was impervious to issues of High finance. Feeling deprived and. Determined to have their fun they burned Down the House of the portuguese jew. David Pacifico instead. Don Pacifico As he was known had a career. He had served As a portuguese Consul in Africa and Athens but was dismissed because of numerous Irreg As the saying went. However it so happened that Don Pacifico was born on the hallowed British soil of Gibraltar and was thus a British subject by birth. And pal the foreign Secretary was not going to allow any foreigners to play ducks and Drakes with subjects of her majesty. The greeks were told to pay compensation. Desultory negotiations ensued until in january 1850, Palmerston lost patience. A British Fleet appeared outside Athens port of Piraeus and blockaded it the French tried to mediate but without Success realized the greeks then that the British Admiral by instant communications with London meant and Don Pacifico plus Cane or. George Finlay another aggrieved British subject a More legitimate one who would now pass the test of a British were quickly paid their compensation. The French were furious and rattled their sabres at Britain and even the House of commons was at first dubious about Palmerston s Zeal. But it swayed by his famous speech civis Romanus in made the House feel proud of being British. The opposition was routed and a British passport became the most prize document in the world. The Baron substantial and obtaining loan from his ample c of f or s obviously offending the Baron s religion was not the Best Way to his heart or purse so the mob was forbidden to indulge in its centuries old pastime. However the Athens popu no conspiracy in race riots to Pep up politics american menage his wife is from Cedar Lake Indiana because it partakes of English cultural ideals and american materialistic advantages. Turned 60 two weeks ago sir Saville is As fresh complexioned As a Man just reaching his prime but ruefully aware of his age. People keep asking me of i know the Chancellor of the exchequer Roy he said. I feel a bit sheepish about telling them no. But i knew his father Joseph John Saville Garner known to Canadian friends As Plain Joe Garner has devoted nothing excites a sports fan s interest like a player Trade. For proof there is the prominence Given in most Canadian newspapers on Mon Day of the impending Depar Ture of Frank Mahovlich from the Toronto Maple Leafs to the wilds of Detroit. If this is the kind of thing that peps up sports Why not politics a few trades from one Side of the House to the other or from one party to might have just As interesting results and re actions. Nothing of the sort would have been possible a few years Back. Then tories were Blue grits were red socialists were Pink and social creditors were Green As grass. There was no mixing of colors and you could Tell one member from politics As the big m s change of venue will do for the nil. Trades Are usually made because a player in t doing too Well with a team or in t fitting into the general pattern or is getting in the manager s hair. So it should be no trouble for the liberals to Trade off Mavericks Ralph Cowan and Steven Otto to the conservatives for say Alvin Hamilton thereby doubling the Liberal representation on the Prairies. In Hillier echelons an excellent Trade at least in some people s eyes would be for the liberals to Trade off Walter Gordon to the nip where his ideas would be another Centary without a guide. But Parlia today ideological lines Are so blurred that a Little horse or my trading could be possible and might do As much for political parties and the sport of birthdays John William Mason Swan Lake Manitoba born Lanca Shire England March 5, 1880. John Robertson Birtle Manitoba born Helensburgh Scotland March 5, 1881. Frederick Durban Portage la Prairie born Austria March 4, 1881. Practically unnoticeable. The liberals might ask in return Tommy Douglas that old free Enterprise Bert Herridge and first parliamentary rights to Laurier Lapierre if and when he gets elected. The conservatives would have a harder time. Recently some of their players have shown a tendency to go off and play the game single handed. Who would take John inasmuch As the other parties must feel that he can wreak More damage among the Stanfield ites where he is now than he could anywhere else and what could real Caouette Hope to get for his credit stes and their support or perhaps that is a question better left Birru swered. A danger in this kind of trading two or even More for one lies in the fact that a minority government in its enthusiasm to improve its calibre and through an Washington one of the most important ser vices rendered by the report of a presidential commission on the racial disturbances of 1967, issued at the weekend was to demolish the basis of a belief popular among White Ameri cans. This belief is known As the conspiracy theory. As the seriousness of last year s wave of outbreaks dawned on the Public it became evident that Many among the White Community preferred to take Refuge by imagining some sinister organizing influence at work. If it should prove to be communist so much the better. The conspiracy theory allows its partisans not to think about what life in the Black Community is like. And this shutting from the mired syndrome is common in the United states. Reporters social workers and others who make it their business to be acquainted with the Black realities Are often questioned about their observations at White Middle class social gatherings. They Are just As often Cut off in mid reply the questioner disturbed by any thing too deep to be explained by cliches about negro Lazi Ness or the need for stronger police Power. The president s com missioners headed by gov Otto Kerner of Illinois As chairman and mayor John Lindsay of new York As vice chairman obtained Anc studied thousands of invest native documents from the Federal Bureau of investigation the state defence trea sury and Post office depart ments the internal Revenue service and tace Central intelligence Agency. They set up their own special investigating staff which gathered information from state and Loca Law enforcement agencies Anc interviewed hundreds involved in the disturbances including police officers Black militant and ghetto residents. They studied the role o inability to count Heads not an unheard of defect might by its efforts Trade itself right out of office. Domestic and foreign organza tons dedicated to the incite ment or encouragement o violence. They considered the by Richard Purser the presidential com Mission on race riots found no evidence to substantiate the theory that attributes the riots to a conspiracy. The rioters were attacking the sym Bols of White that triggered Dis orders and searched for patterns in sniper activity Etc they checked out hundreds of Anions. Their conclusion the Urban disorders of the summer of 1967 were not caused by nor were they the consequence of any organized Lan or conspiracy specific ally the commission has Lound no evidence that All or any of the disorders or the incidents that led to them were planned or directed by any organization or group International National or besides the commission s work intensive investigations have been carried out by local police departments grand juries City and state committees Federal departments and agencies and con Gressional committees. None thus far has identified any organized groups As having initiated any riots during the summer of 1967." the commissioners were unable to identify unvarying patterns in civil disorders we have found that disorders Are unusual irregular com plex and unpredictable social processes. Like mos human events they do no unfold in orderly if one generalization can be made it is that the 1 disturbances were racial character but were not inter racial. They did not pit Whit and Black mobs against each other As was the Case in the genuine race riots of Chicago in 1919 and Detroit in 1943 the 1967 cases involved negroes acting against Loca symbols of White american society authority and pro Perty rather than again White despite the extremist rhetoric of some individual Gita prs who contributed to be poisonous atmosphere last Ummer there was no general attempt to subvert the social order. Most participants the report finds seemed to be e m a n d i n g Fuller participation in the social order and he material benefits in the vast majority of american while disorders often appeared to result from a Ingle triggering incident this i Eldon happened without pre existing an increasingly disturbed social atmosphere in which typically series it tension heightening incidents Over a period of seeks or months i became inked in the minds of Many n the negro Community with a shared network of under Ying the Standard grievances abusive police unemployment ghetto housing conditions often aggravated by incidents involving the police inaction of municipal authorises on negro complaints. When incidents recurred and tensions remained unresolved there was a cumulative pro Cess in which prior incidents were readily recalled and grievances reinforced. At some Point in the mounting a further incident in itself often routine or trivial became the breaking Point and the tension spilled Over into the commission notes that at. That time Britain was not Loath to Grant British nationality to members of Vari Ous minorities in the East who would then tools of British penetration into such regions. In Britain was not alone. The French did the same and a substantial number of jews living in the turkish Empire became either British or French simply by going to the local consulate and swearing allegiance to then some of those in the Middle East who had missed out on this Boon managed to get an italian citizenship where before the first would War Italy entered the colonial scramble. The new britons were extremely proud of their nationality. Many sent their children to be educated in Britain and in both world wars their descendants served with distinction in the British forces. Now it s Over. They Ara among the numerous British subjects scattered round the world people of British nationality but without a recent British connection grand Parent is now the limit who last week became homeless descendants at men who helped to build the British Empire or who carried British Trade to the four Corners of the world will now have to b e co m e uruguayans argentinians turks or burmese if such nations will have them. If not they swell the numbers of the stateless who have . The tragic phenomenon of this Century. The italians use the ancient greek expression a Olidel to describe a stateless person a person without a City of his own an outcast who. Cannot Call any place on Earth his Home. Such will now be their lot. Many grievances in the negro Community Are based upon the discrimination pre j u d i c e and powerlessness which negroes often sex the word powerlessness should perhaps be singled out for special notice. When the commissioners said As recorded above that those involved in the 1967 incidents were attacking symbols of White american society authority and property they might just As Well have said that they were attacking White that is what it s All about. Second in series the British passport still carries the imperious in Junction her Britannic majesty s principal Secretary of state for foreign affairs requests and requires in the name of her majesty All those whom it May concern to allow the bearer to pass freely without let or hindrance and to afford the bearer such assistance and Protection As May be the vision of Palmerston and his Fleet seems to loom behind this Beautiful prose. In reality it is merely another i free of empty tradition. Des Pite her majesty s require ments there will be much let and hindrance put in the Way of thousands of British subjects pressing at the Gates of what they thought was their Home ;