Winnipeg Free Press

Winnipeg Free Press (Newspaper) - August 11, 2006, Winnipeg, Manitoba By Shawn Pogatchnik y Ester Days announcement of a foiled plot to blow up jetliners flying from London to the United states using explosives hidden in hand Luggage could be the opening of a new chapter in air travel. It could involve hours Long Security checks visual inspections of prescription drugs bans on everyday items Security experts warned. Bomb experts and troubleshooters for airline Security interviewed by the associated press said Mobile phones computers wrist watches or anything else with a Battery should be prohibited from flights. Perhaps most chillingly they warned that Security staff at airports Are not looking for the right things and the change in tactics required would Likely overwhelm current Security operations. That theatre we see of people taking off shoes is not going to Stop a suicide bomber said Irish Security analyst Tom Clonan who noted that Security measures usually Are designed for the last attack not the next threat. The terrorists have already sniffed out the weak spots and Are adopting new tactics. He said a terrorist group will almost certainly try to blow up a plane with a bomb assembled on Board unless Security measures improve fundamentally. Anti terrorist authorities in Britain and the United states declined to describe the bomb design in the foiled plot whether it was primarily liquid or More Likely contained liquids in a More Complex ingredient list. Whatever the Case experts predicted passengers May soon have to change their travel habits radically. Every businessman needs to have his Laptop on a Long haul flight and now you wont be Able to. Even a Battery operated watch would provide enough Power for a Detonator. All you need is one Shock said Alan Hatcher managing director of the International school for Security and explosives education in Salisbury England. Airlines have toyed with the idea of Banning innocuous personal care items from carry on Luggage following previous Security scares Only to have the focus change because of the difficulty of enforcing tougher rules. But yesterdays developments could dramatically increase the likelihood that Security will come first no matter what the logistical hurdles. The technology for the kind of liquid or crystallized explosives possibly involved in the thwarted terror plot is not new. The threat first appeared in january 1995 in the Philippines when police stumbled on a suspected Al Aida plot to target u. S. Bound planes with bombs based on nitroglycerine carried on Board in containers for Contact Lens solution. At that time aviation authorities announced plans to ban aerosols bottled gels and containers of liquids holding More than 30 Millilitres on u. S. Airliners departing Manila but the idea was never properly enforced. Even then baby formula was excluded from the ban even though in powdered form it can provide a Good vehicle for masking crystallized explosives. A decade later in Belfast Northern Ireland an algerian Man was convicted of possessing 25 computer disks detailing How to bring Down an aircraft using among other things crystallized explosives hidden in a Container of Talcum powder. During that trial Fri explosives expert Donald Sachtleben testified he built and detonated three bombs based on the instructions found in the algerians Home. Despite this decade old knowledge Airport Security officials around the Globe still permit passengers to carry a wide Range of containers onto planes without any visual inspection. The increasing probability that terrorists will try to strike with explosive components hidden in hand Luggage has been accompanied by a trend among some discount airlines to encourage passengers to rely More on carry on baggage. In recent months eur ropes Market leading airline Irish budget Carrier Ryan air has imposed a mandatory charge on All Check in Luggage. An Irish competitor Are lingus has announced plans to follow suit. Ism really surprised the Irish aviation authority a snot stepped in to moderate this Rush to hand Luggage by airlines said aviation expert Gerry Byrne. All our Airport Security has been geared towards baggage going into the hold. It will overwhelm Security if the emphasis is suddenly switched to relying on hand baggage. A British Security expert Steve Park said a Likely terrorist scenario would involve a two or three member team boarding the same flight each carrying a different part of the planned bomb. They could Combine resources on the plane. 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A relatively Small Hole in such a Cabin can cause a plane to essentially blow apart at High Altitude due to the difference in pressure inside and outside the Cabin. Q. How much liquid explosive would be required to bring Down an Airliner a. Very Little. The bottles used to hold Contact Lens solution for example would hold enough nitroglycerine to open a planets fuselage. You re talking a few ounces said Mike Barrett a counter terrorism expert with the Manhattan Institute for policy research a new York think tank. All you have to do is blow a Hole in it. Q. How hard is it for terrorists to acquire a. Nitroglycerine is dangerous to make but it Isnit hard to acquire the ingredients and it requires limited expertise and no special equipment to produce. Its whats called Kitchen demolitions said Barrett. The ingredients Are not particularly exotic. They re not hard to come by. Q. How is it detonated a. A very Small spark produced by a Low voltage Battery can trigger a nitroglycerine explosion. In 1994, operatives with the Al Aida global terrorist network blew up a Contact Lens solution bottle filled with nitroglycerine tucked under the seat of a japanese Airliner bound from the Philippines to Tokyo is Narita International Airport. The explosion killed a passenger and forced an emergency Landing. An inexpensive Casio Wristwatch was the timer and Light bulb filament attached to a nine Volt Battery was the Detonator. Q. Has the use of such explosives been threatened in other situations a. In january of 1995, police in the Philippines capital of Manila accidentally discovered an Al Aida plot to blow up 12 american airliners Over the Pacific Ocean using nitroglycerine Micro bombs. The attack on the japanese Airliner was seen As a test run. The plot was uncovered Only because a fire broke out in the Manila apartment Kitchen where the chemicals were being made into nitroglycerine. If successful the plot would have resulted in up to 4,000 deaths. Q. How can such attacks be prevented in the future a. Its difficult. The Small volumes of nitroglycerine required and the everyday items that can be used to explode it mean that passenger inspections must be rigorous and rules for what May be brought on Board must exclude a Broad array of items commonly found in travel Erst bags. When people can take fairly benign things on an air plane i dont think there is a Good answer for it said Barrett. Cox news service a primer on liquid explosives liquid explosives while not undetectable in All circumstances Are far easier to conceal than their solid counterparts. Terrorists have a Broad smorgasbord from which to choose ranging from Home brew that can be mixed in flight to unstable but widely available nitroglycerine to exotic blends the use of which could suggest involvement of a nation state. Weave focused for the last 10 years on solid explosives and their signatures said William Martel a professor of International Security studies at Tufts University. Liquid poses a different problem. Liquids Are ubiquitous shaving Cream shampoo bottles of water juice infant formula. According to Martel the most common detection test in which a cloth or tape is swiped Over Luggage and put through a sensor is specifically designed to pick up residue from solid explosives. We did not Start looking aggressively for liquids until a few years ago Martel said. Some but not All can be picked up by sniffer sensors using a technique called Neutron activation analysis. New Day mass murder averted the risk built on Board bombs new threat everyday items May be banned from flights in the future explosives easy to hide ;